Novosibirsk Oblast

Novosibirsk Oblast
Новосибирская область (Russian)
—  Oblast  —
Flag Coat of arms
Coordinates: 55°27′N 79°33′E / 55.45°N 79.55°E / 55.45; 79.55Coordinates: 55°27′N 79°33′E / 55.45°N 79.55°E / 55.45; 79.55
Political status
Country	Russia
Federal district	Siberian[1]
Economic region	West Siberian[2]
Established	September 28, 1937[3][4]
Administrative center	Novosibirsk[5]
Government (as of March 2011)
- Governor[6]	Vasily Yurchenko[7]
- Legislature	Legislative Assembly[6]
Statistics
Area (as of the 2002 Census)[8]
- Total	178,200 km2 (68,803.4 sq mi)
Area rank	18th
Population (2010 Census)[9]
- Total	2,665,853
- Rank	16th
- Density	14.96 /km2 (38.7 /sq mi)
- Urban	77.3%
- Rural	22.7%
Population (2002 Census)[10]
- Total	2,692,251
- Rank	18th
- Density	15.11 /km2 (39.1 /sq mi)
- Urban	75.1%
- Rural	24.9%
Time zone(s)	OMSST (UTC+07:00)[11]
ISO 3166-2	RU-NVS
License plates	54
Official languages	Russian[12]
http://www.nso.ru

Novosibirsk Oblast (Russian: Новосиби́рская о́бласть, Novosibirskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southwestern Siberia. Its administrative and economic center is the city of Novosibirsk. Population: 2,665,853 (2010 Census preliminary results);^[9] 2,692,251 (2002 Census);^[10] 2,782,005 (1989 Census).^[13]

Geography

Overview

Novosibirsk Oblast is located in the south of West Siberian Plain, at the foothills of low Salair ridge, between the Ob and Irtysh Rivers. The oblast borders Omsk Oblast in the west, Tomsk Oblast in the north, Kemerovo Oblast in the east, and Altai Krai together with Kazakhstan (Pavlodar Province) in the south. The territory of the oblast extends for more than 600 kilometers (370 mi) from west to east, and for over 400 kilometers (250 mi) from north to south. The oblast is mainly plain; at south the steppes prevail; at north enormous tracts of woodland with great number of marshes prevail. There are many lakes, the largest ones located at the south. The majority of the rivers belong to the Ob basin, many of them falling in dead lakes. Largest lakes are Chani, Sartlan, Ubinskoye, and some others.

Natural resources

As of 2007, the explored oil reserves of the region amounted to 204 million tons. In addition, Novosibirsk Oblast had free gas reserves of 600 million cubic meters, solute gas reserves of 5.2 billion cubic meters, and gas condensate reserves of 121,000 tons. Most of the oil and gas reserves are located in the Severny and Kyshtovsky districts.^[14]

In metals, the region possesses zirconium dioxide (0.7 million tons), titanium dioxide (2.9 million tons), bauxite (2,068,000 tons) and tin (588,000 tons). In addition, there are 23 fields of alluvial placer gold in the region (19 of which were being developed and prospected in 2006) and seven residual soil gold fields suitable for open-cut mining in the southeast.^[14]

Novosibirsk Oblast has 5,527 million tons of high-quality anthracite, as well as 2,720 million tons of long-flame and coking coal. Most of these are located in the Iskitim and Toguchin districts. The north part of the region also has peat fields with estimated reserves of 7.6 billion tons.^[14]

Karachinskaya mineral water

Prospected mineral water reserves in the region amount to 6,948 cubic meters per day. The popular Karachinskaya mineral water originates from the region.^[14]

The oblast has 4,531,800 hectares of forests, with 509.88 million cubic meters of timber reserves. Most of the region's forests consist of softwood. Softwood forests cover an area of 3,481,300 hectares, while softwood timber reserves amount to 387.96 million cubic meters. Coniferous forests - located mostly near the Ob River and the Salair Ridge - cover an area of 1,011,900 hectares with timber reserves of 121.39 million cubic meters. The economic potential of the forests is reduced by the fact that most of them are located in the north of the region, in areas that are difficult to access.^[14]

Climate

Novosibirsk Oblast has a continental climate. Average temperature is −19 °C (−2 °F) in January and +19 °C (66 °F) in July. Annual precipitation is 300–500 millimeters (12–20 in).^[14]

Administrative divisions

Main article: Administrative divisions of Novosibirsk Oblast

Demographics

According to the (2002 Census), the national composition of the oblast was 93.0% Russians; 1.8% Germans; 1.3% Ukrainians; 1.0% Tatars; 0.4% Kazakhs; 0.3% Belarusians; 0.3% Armenians; 0.3% Azeris; and 0.2% Chuvash. Many other groups were also counted, but none made up more than 0.2% of the population.

• Births (Jan-Oct 2008): 27,752 (12.6 per 1000)
• Deaths (Jan-Oct 2008): 32,372 (14.7 per 1000) [1]

Major urban centers in 2006 were Novosibirsk (with a population of 1,379,000), Berdsk (91,900), Iskitim (63,800), Kuybyshev (48,500).^[14]

Economy

Novosibirsk Oblast's gross regional product in 2007 was $14,950.2 million.^[14] GRP per capita was 144,869 roubles; somewhat under the national average of 198,817 roubles.^[15] For many years, the region experienced relatively high rates of industrial output growth: between 1999 and 2008 industrial output grew 170%, exceeding the Russian average growth by 23 percentage points.^[14]

Industry

Major industrial activities—accounting for over 80% of the total shipped products and services—are basic metals and fabricated metal products, electricity, gas and water supply, fuel extraction, food products and beverages.^[14]

Manufacturing accounted for 67.4% fo the region's industrial output in 2007. The most notable sector was food products, beverages and tobacco (20.7%). The region produced a total of 278,100 tons of whole milk products, 144,100 tons of bread and bakery, 6,300 tons of pasta, 54,100 tons of meat, 518.7 million decaliters of mineral water (including the popular Karachinskaya mark), 137,300 tons of mixed fodder and 218,700 tons of flour.^[14]

The basic metals and fabricated metal products sector contributed 10.3% of total industrial output. The region produced 190,800 tons of steel pipes, 405,700 tons of rolled ferrous metals, 36,100 tons of steel, 1.300 tons of welding electrodes and 1,100 tons of construction frames and products. Notable companies in this sector include OAO Novosibirsk Electrode Plant, OAO Novosibirsk Tin Mill and OAO Kuzmin Novosibirsk Metals Plant.^[14]

In the mechanical engineering sector, electrical and optical machinery and equipment accounted for 7.2% of total industrial output; machinery and equipment (exclusive of weapons or ammunition) accounted for 3.7%, while electrical machinery and transport equipment accounted for 4.5%.^[14] One of the largest companies is the aircraft-maker Novosibirsk Aircraft Production Association, which produces Su-34 fighters, among others.

In 2007, the region produced $12,190,000 worth of high-voltage electric equipment, $3,820,000 worth of low-voltage electric equipment, $1,350,000 worth of computers and spare parts, 71,000 kW equivalent of generators for steam, gas and hydraulic turbines, 296,200 units of electric razors, 154,600 units of chandeliers and suspensions, 1,616,000 units of capacitors, 3,608,000 units of semiconductor instruments, 1,077,000 units of integral microchips, 218 units of large electric machines, 854 units of direct current electric machines and 5,000 kilovolts-amperes equivalent of prefabricated transforming stations. Notable companies in this sector include OAO Novosibirsk Electric Locomotive Repair Plant, OAO Sibselmash Scientific Production Association, NPO ELSIB, OAO Novosibirsk Railroad Switch Plant, OAO Tyazhstankogidropress, OAO Novosibirsk Instrument Plant and OAO Novosibirsk Soyuz Electrovacuum Holding plant. All of the aforementioned companies are located in the regional capital, Novosibirsk.^[14]

Energy

Novosibirsk Oblast enjoys an electricity surplus: electricity output in 2007 was 14.0 billion kWh, while consumption was 12.5 billion kWh. During the summer, 30% of the region's electricity needs is satisfied by the Novosibirsk Hydroelectric Power Station, which has a capacity of 455 MW. Another important source of electricity is thermal power. The largest thermal power plant is Combined Heat and Power Station No. 5 with generation capacity of 1,200 MW. Most of the power plants and the distribution infrastructure are operated by the company OJSC Novosibirskenergo.

The amount of oil produced in the region in 2007 was 2,495,000 tons, while coal production was 1,795,000 tons.^[14]

Trade and investment

In the 2005/2006 ranking "Best Legal Conditions for Investment"–conducted by the Expert RA rating agency–Novosibirsk Oblast received the third place among all 89 federal subjects of Russia.^[14]

In 2007, the oblast received $88.8 million in foreign investment. The largest company receiving foreign investment was NPO ELSIB.^[14]

References

Notes

1. ^ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", №20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000).
2. ^ Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
3. ^ Центральный исполнительный комитет СССР. Постановление от 28 сентября 1937 г. «О разделении Западно-Сибирского края на Новосибирскую область и Алтайский край». (Central Executive Committee of the USSR. Resolution of September 28, 1937 On Dividing West Siberian Krai into Novosibirsk Oblast and Altai Krai. ).
4. ^ Official website of Novosibirsk Oblast Legislative Assembly. Information about Novosibirsk Oblast
5. ^ Charter of Novosibirsk Oblast, Article 5.2
6. ^ ^{a b} Charter of Novosibirsk Oblast, Article 7.2
7. ^ Official website of Novosibirsk Oblast. Vasily Alexeyevich Yurchenko, Governor of Novosibirsk Oblast (Russian)
8. ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Территория, число районов, населённых пунктов и сельских администраций по субъектам Российской Федерации (Territory, Number of Districts, Inhabited Localities, and Rural Administration by Federal Subjects of the Russian Federation)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_03.htm. Retrieved 2011-11-01. 
9. ^ ^{a b} Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2010). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25. 
10. ^ ^{a b} Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23. 
11. ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication).
12. ^ Official the whole territory of Russia according to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia.
13. ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23. 
14. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q} "Novosibirsk Oblast". Russia: All Regions Trade & Investment Guide. CTEC Publishing LLC. 2008. 
15. ^ Валовой региональный продукт на душу населения Федеральная служба государственной статистики

Sources

• Новосибирский областной Совет депутатов. Постановление №282-ОЗ от 31 марта 2005 г. «Устав Новосибирской области (текст в ред. от 8 июля 2010 г.)», в ред. Закона №513-ОЗ от 15 июля 2010 г «О поправках к Уставу Новосибирской области». Вступил в силу 1 мая 2005 г. Опубликован: "Советская Сибирь", №81, 29 апреля 2005 г. (Novosibirsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Resolution #282-OZ of March 31, 2005 Charter of Novosibirsk Oblast (text of rev. of July 8, 2010), as amended by the Law #513-OZ of July 15, 2010 On Amending the Charter of Novosibirsk Oblast. Effective as of May 1, 2005).