- Miglitol
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Miglitol Systematic (IUPAC) name (2R,3R,4R,5S)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)
piperidine-3,4,5-triolClinical data Trade names Glyset AHFS/Drugs.com monograph MedlinePlus a601079 Licence data US FDA:link Pregnancy cat. B3(AU) B(US) Legal status ℞-only (US) Routes Oral Pharmacokinetic data Bioavailability Dose-dependent Protein binding Negligible (<4.0%) Metabolism Nil Half-life 2 hours Excretion Renal (95%) Identifiers CAS number 72432-03-2 ATC code A10BF02 PubChem CID 441314 DrugBank APRD01117 ChemSpider 390074 UNII 0V5436JAQW KEGG D00625 ChEMBL CHEMBL1561 Chemical data Formula C8H17NO5 Mol. mass 207.224 g/mol SMILES eMolecules & PubChem Physical data Density 1.458 g/cm³ Melt. point 114 °C (237 °F) (what is this?) (verify)
Miglitol is an oral anti-diabetic drug that acts by inhibiting the ability of the patient to breakdown complex carbohydrates into glucose. It is primarily used in diabetes mellitus type 2 for establishing greater glycemic control by preventing the digestion of carbohydrates (such as disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides) into monosaccharides which can be absorbed by the body.
Miglitol inhibits glycoside hydrolase enzymes called alpha-glucosidases. Since miglitol works by preventing digestion of carbohydrates, it lowers the degree of postprandial hyperglycemia. It must be taken at the start of main meals to have maximal effect. Its effect will depend on the amount of non-monosaccharide carbohydrates in a person's diet.
In contrast to acarbose (another alpha-glucosidase inhibitor), miglitol is systemically absorbed; however, it is not metabolized and is excreted by the kidneys.
See also
Oral anti-diabetic drugs and Insulin analogs (A10) Insulin K+ ATPMeglitinides/"glinides"GLP-1 analogsfast-acting (Insulin lispro • Insulin aspart • Insulin glulisine) • short-acting (Regular insulin) • long-acting (Insulin glargine • Insulin detemir • NPH insulin) • ultra-long-acting (Insulin degludec†) • inhalable Exubera‡Other Amylin analogSGLT2 inhibitorsOtherBenfluorex‡ • Tolrestat‡This drug article relating to the gastrointestinal system is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.