Demographics of the Philippines

Demographics of the Philippines
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Demographics of Philippines
Population:	94,349,600 [1] (2010 est.)
Growth rate:	1.903% (2011 est.)
Birth rate:	25.34 births/1,000 population (2011 est.)
Death rate:	5.02 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.)
Life expectancy:	71.66 years
–male:	68.72 years
–female:	74.74 years (2011 est.)
Fertility rate:	3.19 children born/woman (2011 est.)
Infant mortality rate:	19.34 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate:	-1.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years:	0-14 years: 34.6% (male 17,999,279/female 17,285,040)
65-over:	4.3% (male 1,876,805/female 2,471,644) (2011 est.)
Sex ratio:
Total:	1 male(s)/female
At birth:	1.05 male(s)/female
Under 15:	1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years:	1 male(s)/female
65-over:	0.76 male(s)/female
Nationality:
Nationality:	Filipinos
Major ethnic:	Tagalog 28.1% (2000 census)
Minor ethnic:	Cebuano 13.1%, Ilocano 9%, Bisaya/Binisaya 7.6%, Hiligaynon Ilonggo 7.5%, Bikol 6%, Waray 3.4%, Kapampangan 3%, other 25.3% (2000 census)
Language:
Official:	Filipino and English[2]
Spoken:	eight major languages - Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinan

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Demographics of the Philippines are records of human population in the country, including its population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. According to the 2007 Census, the population of the Philippines was 88,574,614.^[3] As of 2010, the estimated population is 94,349,600.^[1] The Negrito form a minority of the population. The majority of Filipinos (about 95%) are made up of various ethnolinguistic Austronesian ethnic groups who descended from a population of Taiwanese aborigines, who settled in the Philippines about 6,000 years ago. Mestizos, those of part Filipino descent mixed with Spanish, American, Chinese, and other ethnic groups form a minority of the population.

The most commonly spoken language is Filipino, which is based on the Tagalog language. Filipino and English are the official languages. Additionally, there are between 120 to 170 distinct indigenous Philippine languages (depending on their classification), a dozen of which have over one million speakers and are recognized as official regional languages. Spanish and Arabic are recognized as voluntary and optional languages in the Philippine constitution.^[2] Christianity is the main religion, with Roman Catholicism making up the majority of the population. Other religions include Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and those with no religion.^[4] The people of the Philippines are known as Filipinos. Throughout the colonial era the term "Filipino" originally referred to the Spaniards, and mestizos. The definition was later applied to include all citizens, regardless of ethnic origin.

Ethnic groups

Main article: Ethnic groups in the Philippines

Further information: Filipino people

The majority of the people in the Philippines are of Austronesian descent. The largest of these groups are the Visayan, Tagalog, Ilocano, Bicolano, Moro, the Kapampangan and among others. The indigenous peoples of the Philippines form a minority of the population. Other ethnic groups include the Spaniard, Indian, Chinese, American, Japanese, Arab, and other ethnic groups from other countries.

Various degrees of interracial marriage between ethnic groups have resulted in the formation of a new ethnic group of people, collectively known as Filipino mestizos. According to a genetic research study conducted by Stanford University Asia-Pacific Research Center, about 3.6% of Filipinos have White^[5] or Caucasian ancestry.

Languages

Main articles: Languages of the Philippines and Philippine languages

There are between 120 and 170 languages spoken in the country. Most of them have several varieties (dialects), totaling over 300 across the archipelago. Since the 1930s the government has promoted the use of the national language, Filipino, based on Tagalog.^[6][7] Visayan languages (also called Bisaya or Binisaya) are widely spoken throughout the Visayas, and in some parts of Mindanao. The Ilokano language is the lingua franca of the Northern Luzon.

English is considered an official language for purposes of communication and instruction.^[2] Consequently, it is widely spoken and understood. Other non-indigenous languages spoken are Spanish, Chinese, and Arabic.

Religion

Main article: Religion in the Philippines

About 80% of Filipinos are Roman Catholics, 5% are adherents of Islam, and 10% are Protestant Christians, Iglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ), Philippine Independent Church, Mormon, as well as those of other religions, such as Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, and those with no religion form a minority of the population.

Roman Catholics and Protestants were converted during the four centuries of Western influence by Spain, and the United States. Under Spanish rule, much of the population was converted to Christianity.

Orthodox Christians also live in Philippines. Protestant Christianity arrived in the Philippines during the 20th century, introduced by American missionaries.

Islam was brought to the Sulu Archipelago in the 14th century by Makhdum Karim, an Arab trader, and to Mindanao island by Rajah Kabungsuwan, a Malaccan nobleman. From then onwards, Muslim princes carried on expeditions to propagate Islam. While Islam was easily displaced over the years among the peoples of Luzon, and the Visayas, it retained a foothold in the central parts of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago.

Other religions include Judaism, Mahayana Buddhism, often mixed with Taoist beliefs, Hinduism, and Sikhism. Animism and Paganism are also followed.

Education

Main articles: Education in the Philippines and Higher education in the Philippines

Education in the Philippines is based on both Western and Eastern ideology and philosophy influenced by both Spain and the United States. Filipino children enter public school at about age four, starting from nursery up to kindergarten. At about seven years of age, children enter a elementary school (6 to 7 years). This is followed by high school (4 years). Students then apply for college entrance examinations (CEE), after which they enter university (3 to 5 years). Other institutions include private school, preparatory school, international school, and science high school. School year in the Philippines starts from June, and ends in March with a two-month summer break from April to May, one week of semestral break in October, and a week or two during Christmas and New Year holidays.

Population history

Philippines population density Map per province as of 2009 per square kilometer:

  0-50

  51-100

  101-200

  201-300

  301-400

  401-800

  801-1600

The first census in the Philippines was founded in 1591, based on tributes collected. Based on this tribute counting, there were about 666,712 people in the islands. In 1600, this method was revamped by the Spanish officials, who then based the counting of the population through church records. In 1799, Friar Manuel Buzeta estimated the population count as 1,502,574. However, the first official census was conducted only in 1878, when the population as of midnight on December 31, 1877 was counted. This was followed by two more censuses, namely, the 1887 census, and the 1898 census. The 1887 census yielded a count of 6,984,727,^[8] while that of 1898 yielded 7,832,719 inhabitants.^[9]

1903 census

In 1903 the population of the Philippines was recounted by American authorities to fulfill Act 467. The survey yielded 7,635,426 people, including 56,138, who were foreign-born.

By city or towns exceeding 10,000

• Manila, 219,928
• Laoag, Ilocos Norte 19,699
• Iloilo, Iloilo 19,054
• Cebu, Cebu 18,330
• Nueva Caceres, Camarines Sur 10,021
• Romblon, Romblon 10,095

There were 13,400 villages, nearly 75% of which had fewer than 600 inhabitants.

The Malay population divided by language

• Christian (Mainly Roman Catholic)
  • Visayan: 3,219,030
  • Tagalog: 1,460,695
  • Ilocano: 803,942
  • Bicol: 566,635
  • Pangasinan: 343,686
  • Pampanga: 280,984
  • Cagayan: 159,648
• Muslim
  • Moro: 277,547
• Igorot
  • Igorot: 211,520

Between 1903 and 1941

1939 This census was undertaken in conformity with Section 1 of C. A. 170. It was the first taken under the Commonwealth government with Census day on January 1. The Philippine population figure was 16,000,303.

1941

In 1941 the estimated population of the Philippines reached 17,000,000. Manila's population was 684,000.

The number of Chinese living on the island had risen to 117,000. If figures are correct, then Chinese population (including immigration) has grown significantly faster than the native population. There were also around 30,000 Japanese living in the Philippines, with some 20,000 of them residing in Davao, Mindanao, and 9,000 Americans lived in Luzon.

By then, some 27% of the population could speak English as a second language, while the number of Spanish speakers as first language had further fallen to 3% from 10-14% at the beginning of the century. In 1936, Tagalog was selected to be the basis for a national language.^[8] In 1987, the Tagalog-based Filipino language was designated the national language.^[7]

Philippine census surveys

Main article: Philippines census

In 1960, the government of the Philippines conducted a survey on both population, and housing. The population was pegged at 27,087,685. Successive surveys were again conducted on 1970, 1975, 1980, and 1990, which gave the population as 36,684,948, 42,070,660, 48,098,460, and 60,703,206 respectively. On 1995, the POPCEN was launched, undertaken at the month of September, The data provided the bases for the Internal Revenue Allocation to local government units, and for the creation of new legislative areas. The count was made official by then President Fidel Ramos by Proclamation No, 849 on August 14, 1995, The population was 68,616,536.

1960	1970	1975	1980	1990	1995	2000	2007
27,087,685	36,684,948	42,070,660	48,098,460	60,703,206	68,616,536	76,504,077	88,574,614

Publications

• Cristian Capelli et al. (2001). "A Predominantly Indigenous Paternal Heritage for the Austronesian-Speaking Peoples of Insular Southeast Asia and Oceania" (PDF). American Journal of Human Genetics 68 (2): 432–443. doi:10.1086/318205. PMC 1235276. PMID 11170891. http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/AJHG_2001_v68_p432.pdf. 
•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2010). "Table 1. Summary of Projected Population by Sex and by Single-Calendar Year Interval, Philippines: 2000 - 2010". Philippine National Statistics Office. http://www.census.gov.ph/data/sectordata/popproj_tab1r.html. Retrieved 2011-09-26. 
2. ^ ^{a b c} "Constitution of the Philippines: Article XIV Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture, and Sports". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. http://www.chanrobles.com/article14language.htm. Retrieved 26 November 2009. 
3. ^ "Total Population and Annual Population Growth Rates by Region: Population Censuses 1995, 2000, and 2007". National Statistics Office of the Philippines. http://census.gov.ph/data/census2007/index.html. Retrieved 26 November 2009. 
4. ^ "The World Factbook - Philippines". U.S. Central Intelligence Angency. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html. Retrieved 2009. 
5. ^ "A Predominantly Indigenous Paternal Heritage for the Austronesian-Speaking peoples of Insular South Asia and Oceania". Standford University. http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/AJHG_2001_v68_p432.pdf. Retrieved 2001. 
6. ^ Thompson, Roger M. (2003). "3. Nationalism and the rise of Tagalog 1936-1973". Filipino English and Taglish. John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 27–29. ISBN 9789027248916. http://books.google.com/books?id=W1h9oF9rj-MC&pg=PA27 , ISBN 9027248915, 9789027248916.
7. ^ ^{a b} Andrew Gonzalez (1998). "The Language Planning Situation in the Philippines". Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 19 (5, 6): 487–488. doi:10.1080/01434639808666365. http://www.multilingual-matters.net/jmmd/019/0487/jmmd0190487.pdf. Retrieved 2007-03-24. 
8. ^ ^{a b} Jan Lahmeyer (1996). "The Philippines: historical demographical data of the whole country". http://www.populstat.info/Asia/philippc.htm. Retrieved 2003-07-19. 
9. ^ Voz de Galicia (1898). "CENSOS DE CUBA,PUERTO RICO , FILIPINAS Y ESPAÑA .ESTUDIO DE SU RELACION". http://1898.mforos.com/1026829/7262657-censos-de-cuba-puerto-rico-filipinas-y-espana-estudio-de-su-relacion/. Retrieved 2010-12-12. 

External links

 This article incorporates public domain material from the CIA World Factbook document "2011 edition".

• "Demographic Statistics (principally 2000 Philippine census)". National Statistics Office, Philippines Official Web Site. http://www.census.gov.ph/data/sectordata/datapop.html. Retrieved December 17, 2005. 
• "The Philippines - Demographic Statistics". The Ultrecht faculty of Education. http://www.philippines.hvu.nl/facts2.htm. Retrieved 2007-04-03. 
• "University of the Philippines population institute". http://web.kssp.upd.edu.ph/popinst/index.html. Retrieved 2007-04-03. 
• Greeks in the Philippines and their contributions to the country