The World Is Not Enough

The World Is Not Enough
This article is about the 1999 film. For other uses, see The World Is Not Enough (disambiguation).
The World Is Not Enough
Poster shows a circle with Bond flanked by two women at the center. Globs of fire and action shots from the film are below. The film's name is at the bottom.
The World Is Not Enough film poster
Directed by Michael Apted
Produced by Michael G. Wilson
Barbara Broccoli
Screenplay by Neal Purvis
Robert Wade
Bruce Feirstein
Story by Neal Purvis
Robert Wade
Starring Pierce Brosnan
Sophie Marceau
Robert Carlyle
Denise Richards
Music by David Arnold
"The World Is Not Enough"
Cinematography Adrian Biddle, BSC
Editing by Jim Clark
Distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Release date(s) 8 November 1999 (1999-11-08) (premiere)
Running time 128 minutes
Country United Kingdom
Language English
Budget $135 million
Box office $361,832,400
Yacht with the label „The World Is Not Enough 007“.
Yacht used in the opening boat chase, on display at boot Düsseldorf in spring 2000.

The World Is Not Enough (1999) is the nineteenth spy film in the James Bond film series, and the third to star Pierce Brosnan as the fictional MI6 agent James Bond. The film was directed by Michael Apted, with the original story and screenplay written by Neal Purvis, Robert Wade and Bruce Feirstein.[1] It was produced by Michael G. Wilson and Barbara Broccoli.

The film's plot revolves around the assassination of billionaire Sir Robert King by the terrorist Renard and Bond's subsequent assignment to protect King's daughter, Elektra, who had previously been held for ransom by Renard. During his assignment, Bond unravels a scheme to increase petroleum prices by triggering a nuclear meltdown in the waters of Istanbul.

Filming locations included Spain, France, Turkey and the United Kingdom, with interiors shot at Pinewood Studios. Despite mixed critical reception, The World Is Not Enough earned $361,832,400 worldwide.

Contents

Plot

MI6 agent James Bond - '007' - meets a Swiss banker to retrieve money for Sir Robert King, a British oil tycoon and friend of M. The banker threatens Bond, but is overpowered. The banker reveals the money was taken from the late agent 0012, but is killed by his assistant before he can reveal the assassin. Bond escapes with the money.

Back in London, Sir Robert is killed by the booby-trapped money inside MI6. Bond gives chase to the assassin - the assistant again - by a boat on the Thames to the Millennium Dome, where the assassin attempts to escape via hot air balloon. Bond offers her protection, but she refuses. She detonates the balloon, killing herself.

Bond traces the recovered money to Renard, a KGB agent-turned-terrorist. Following an earlier attempt on his life by MI6, Renard was left with a bullet in his brain which is gradually destroying his senses, making him immune to pain. M assigns Bond to protect King's daughter, Elektra; as Renard previously abducted and held her for ransom, MI6 believes that he is targeting her a second time. Bond flies to Azerbaijan, where Elektra is overseeing the construction of an oil pipeline. During a tour of the pipeline's proposed route in the mountains, Bond and Elektra are attacked by a hit squad in armed, paraglider-equipped snowmobiles.

Afterwards Bond visits Valentin Zukovsky to acquire information about Elektra's attackers; he discovers that Elektra's head of security, Davidov, is secretly in league with Renard. Bond kills Davidov and boards a plane bound for a Russian ICBM base in Kazakhstan. There, Bond, posing as a Russian nuclear scientist, meets American nuclear physicist, Dr. Christmas Jones and enters the silo. Inside, Renard removes the GPS locator card and a half quantity of weapons-grade plutonium from a bomb. Before Bond can kill him, Christmas blows his cover. Renard steals the bomb and flees, leaving everyone to die in the booby-trapped missile silo. Bond and Christmas escape the exploding silo with the locator card.

Back in Azerbaijan, Bond discloses to M that Elektra may not be as innocent as she seems, and hands her the locator card as proof of the theft: an alarm sounds, revealing that the stolen bomb from Kazakhstan is attached to an inspection rig heading toward the oil terminal. Bond and Christmas enter the pipeline to deactivate the bomb where Christmas discovers that half of the plutonium is missing. They both jump clear of the rig and a large section of the pipe is destroyed, with the pair presumed killed. Back at the command centre, Elektra reveals that she killed her father out of revenge for using her to bait Renard, and abducts M.

Bond accosts Zukovsky at his caviar factory in the Caspian Sea - which is then attacked by Elektra's helicopters. Later, Zukovsky reveals their arrangement was in exchange for a submarine, currently being captained by Zukovsky's nephew, Nikolai. The group goes to Istanbul, where Bond and Zukovsky think that if Renard were to insert the stolen plutonium into the submarine's nuclear reactor, the resulting nuclear explosion would destroy Istanbul, sabotaging the Russians' oil pipeline in the Bosphorus. Elektra's pipeline is planned to go around Istanbul, dramatically increasing the value of her own oil. Bond then gets a signal from the locator card from the Maiden's Tower - just before Zukovsky's underling, Bullion blows up the command centre. Zukovsky is knocked unconscious, and Bond and Christmas are captured by Elektra's henchmen. Christmas is taken aboard the submarine, which was seized by Renard's men. Bond is taken to the tower, where Elektra tortures him in a garrote. Zukovsky and his men take control of the tower and when Zukovsky reaches the room where Elektra has Bond he is shot by Elektra. Dying, Zukovsky uses his cane gun to free Bond, who then frees M and kills Elektra.

Bond then dives after the submarine, boards it and frees Christmas. Following a fight, the submarine starts to dive, and hits the bottom of the Bosphorus, causing its hull to rupture. Bond catches up with Renard and fights and kills him. Bond and Christmas escape the submarine, leaving the flooded reactor to detonate safely underwater.

Cast

  • Pierce Brosnan as James Bond 007: A British secret agent.
  • Denise Richards as Dr. Christmas Jones: a nuclear physicist assisting Bond in his mission.[2] The name follows in the tradition of other Bond girls' names that are double entendres.[3] Richards stated that she liked the role because it was "brainy", "athletic", and had "depth of character, in contrast to Bond girls from previous decades".[4]
  • Robert Carlyle as Renard: One of the film's two main villains; a Soviet terrorist, Elektra's kidnapper and her father's killer.
  • Sophie Marceau as Elektra King: One of the film's two main villains; an oil heiress who wants to make her mark on the world by sealing an oil trade route with a nuclear explosion.
  • Robbie Coltrane as Valentin Zukovsky: A Russian mafia boss and Baku casino owner who aids Bond in order to rescue his nephew from Renard's captivity.
  • Judi Dench as M: The strict head of MI6.
  • Colin Salmon as Charles Robinson: The Chief of Staff of MI6
  • Desmond Llewelyn as Q: MI6's "quartermaster" who supplies Bond with multi-purpose vehicles and gadgets useful for the latter's mission. The film would be Llewelyn's final performance as Q. Although the actor wasn't officially retiring from the role, the Q character was training his eventual replacement in this film. Llewelyn was killed in a car accident shortly after the film's premiere.
  • John Cleese as R: Q's assistant and successor. The character is never formally introduced as "R" - This was simply an observation on Bond's part: "If you're Q....does that make him R?"
  • Samantha Bond as Miss Moneypenny: M's secretary
  • Serena Scott Thomas as Dr. Molly Warmflash: An MI6 physician who gives 007 "A clean bill of health."
  • John Seru as Gabor: Elektra King's silent bodyguard who is seen accompanying King wherever she travels.
  • Ulrich Thomsen as Sasha Davidov: Elektra King's head of security in Azerbaijan.
  • Goldie as Bullion: Valentin Zukovsky's gold-toothed bodyguard.
  • Maria Grazia Cucinotta as Giulietta da Vinci, credited in the film as "Cigar Girl": An experienced assassin working for Renard.

Production

Joe Dante and then Peter Jackson were offered to direct. Barbara Broccoli had enjoyed Jackson's Heavenly Creatures, and a screening of The Frighteners was arranged for her. She disliked the latter film, however, and showed no further interest in Jackson. Jackson, a lifelong Bond fan, remarked that EON tended to go for less famous directors and he would certainly not be entitled a chance to direct after The Lord of the Rings.[5]

Frontal view of a small submarine in a dockyard.
Russian Victor III Class Submarine used in filming.

The pre-title sequence lasts for about 14 minutes, the longest pre-title sequence in the Bond series to date. In the "making of" documentaries on the Ultimate Edition DVD release, director Michael Apted said that the scene was originally much longer than that. Originally, the pre-credits sequence was to have ended with Bond's leap from the window and descent to the ground, finishing as Bond rushes away from the area as police cars approach. Then, after the credits the sequence in MI6 headquarters would have been next, with the boat scenes the next major action sequence. However, the pre-credits scenes were viewed as lacklustre when compared to ones from previous 007 movies, so the credits were pushed back to after the boat sequence and thus the longest pre-titles sequence in the series was born. The Daily Telegraph claimed that the British Government prevented some filming in front of the actual MI6 Headquarters at Vauxhall Cross, citing a security risk. However, a Foreign Office spokesperson refuted the claims and expressed displeasure with the article.[6]

Initially the film was to be released in 2000, rumoured to be titled Bond 2000. Other rumoured titles included Death Waits for No Man, Fire and Ice, Pressure Point and Dangerously Yours.[7] The title The World Is Not Enough is an English translation of the Latin phrase Orbis non sufficit, which in real life was the motto of Sir Thomas Bond. In the novel On Her Majesty's Secret Service and its film adaptation, this is revealed to be the Bond family motto. The phrase originates from the epitaph of Alexander the Great.[8]

Writers Neal Purvis and Robert Wade were hired after their work in Plunkett & Macleane.[9] Dana Stevens did an uncredited rewrite before Bruce Feirstein, who worked in the previous two films, took over the script.[10]

Filming

Bond in a grey suit, leaning against a roadster with oil rigs in the background.
Brosnan with the BMW Z8 that is used in the film. The backdrop is intended to be Azerbaijan.

The pre-title sequence begins in Bilbao, Spain, featuring the Guggenheim Museum. After the opening scene, the film moves to London, England, showcasing the SIS Building and the Millennium Dome on the Thames. Following the title sequence, Eilean Donan castle in Scotland is used by MI6 as a location headquarters. Other locations include Baku, Azerbaijan, the Azerbaijan Oil Rocks and Istanbul, Turkey, where Maiden's Tower is shown.[11]

The studio work for the film was shot as usual in Pinewood Studios, including Albert R. Broccoli's 007 Stage. Bilbao, Spain was used briefly for the exterior of Swiss bank and flyover-bridge adjacent to the Guggenheim Museum. In London outdoor footage was shot of the SIS Building and Vauxhall Cross with several weeks filming the boat chase on the River Thames eastwards towards the Millennium Dome, Greenwich.[12] The canal footage of the chase where Bond soaks the parking wardens was filmed at Wapping and the boat stunts in Millwall Dock and under Glengall Bridge were filmed at the Isle of Dogs. Stowe School, Buckinghamshire, was used as the site of the King family estate on banks of Loch Lomond. Filming was then shot in Scotland at the Eilean Donan Castle to depict the exterior of MI6 temporary operations centre at "Castle Thane". The skiing chase sequence in the Caucasus was shot on the slopes of Chamonix, France.[11] Filming of the scene was delayed by an avalanche, but the crew wasted no time by helping the rescue operation.[13]

Missile-like object shoots from platform in the water. Buildings on shore are close by.
The Q Boat stunt on the River Thames.

The interior (and single exterior shot) of L'Or Noir casino in Baku, Azerbaijan, was shot at Halton House, the Officer's Mess of RAF Halton, and RAF Northolt was used to depict the airfield runway in Azerbaijan.[11] Zukovsky's quay-side caviar factory was shot entirely at the outdoor water tank at Pinewood.

The exterior of Kazakhstan nuclear facility was shot at the Bardenas Reales, in Navarre, Spain, and the exterior of oil refinery control centre at the Motorola building in Groundwell, Swindon.[14] The exterior of oil pipeline was filmed in Cwm Dyli, Snowdonia, Wales, while the production teams shot the oil pipeline explosion in Hankley Common, Elstead, Surrey. Istanbul, Turkey, was indeed used in the film and Elektra King's Baku villa was actually in the city, also using the famous Maiden's Tower which was used as Renard's hideout in Turkey. The underwater submarine scenes were filmed in The Bahamas.[15]

The BMW Z8 driven by Bond in the film was the final part of a three-movie product placement deal with BMW (which began with the Z3 in GoldenEye and continued with the 750iL in Tomorrow Never Dies) but, due to filming preceding release of the Z8 by a few months, several working mock-ups and models were manufactured for filming purposes.

Music

Main article: The World Is Not Enough (soundtrack)

The soundtrack to The World Is Not Enough is the second Bond soundtrack to be composed by David Arnold.[16] Arnold broke tradition by not ending the film with a reprise of the opening theme or, as with the previous three films, a new song. Originally, Arnold intended to use the song "Only Myself to Blame" at the end of the film; however, Apted discarded this and the song was replaced by a remix of the "James Bond Theme".[17] "Only Myself to Blame", written by Arnold and Don Black and sung by Scott Walker, is the nineteenth and final track on the album and its melody is Elektra King's theme. The theme is heard in "Casino", "Elektra's Theme" and "I Never Miss".[17] Arnold added two new themes to the final score, both of which are reused in the following film, Die Another Day.

The title song, "The World Is Not Enough", was written by David Arnold with Don Black and performed by Garbage. It is the fifth Bond theme co-written by Black, preceded by "Thunderball",[18] "Diamonds Are Forever",[19] "The Man with the Golden Gun",[20] and "Tomorrow Never Dies".[21] Garbage also contributed to the music heard during the chase sequence ("Ice Bandits"), which was released as the B-side to their single release of the theme song. IGN chose "The World Is Not Enough" as the ninth-best James Bond theme of all time.[22] The song also appeared in two "best of 1999" polls: #87 in 89X's "Top 89 Songs of 1999"[23] and #100 in Q101's "Top 101 of 1999".[24]

Release and reception

The World Is Not Enough premiered on 19 November 1999 in the USA and on 26 November 1999 in the UK.[25] At that time MGM signed a marketing partnership with MTV, primarily for American youths, who were assumed to have considered Bond as "an old-fashioned secret service agent". As a result MTV broadcast more than 100 hours of Bond-related programmes immediately after the film was released, most being presented by Denise Richards.[26]

The film opened at the top of the North American box office with $35.5 million. Its final worldwide gross was $361 million worldwide, with $126 million in the United States alone.[27] It became the highest grossing James Bond film of all time until the release of Die Another Day.[28] The film was also selected for the first round of nominations for the Academy Award for Best Special Effects but failed.[29] The film was nominated for a Best Action/Adventure/Thriller Film Saturn Award, Pierce Brosnan won both the Empire Award and the Blockbuster Entertainment Award as Best Actor, and David Arnold won a BMI Film Music Award for his score. The film became the first in the Bond series to win a Golden Raspberry when Denise Richards was chosen as "Worst Supporting Actress" at the 1999 Razzie Awards.[30]

The film was released on DVD and VHS on 16 May 2000, and sold over 5 million copies.[31] The initial release of the DVD includes the featurette "Secrets of 007", which cuts into "making of" material during the movie; the documentary "The Making of The World Is Not Enough"; two commentary tracks—one by director Michael Apted, and the other by production designer Peter Lamont, second unit director Vic Armstrong, and composer David Arnold; a trailer for the video game, and the Garbage music video.[32] The Ultimate Edition released in 2006 had as additional extras a 2000 documentary named "Bond Cocktail", a featurette on shooting the Q Boat scenes, Pierce Brosnan in a press conference in Hong Kong, deleted scenes, and a tribute to Desmond Llewelyn.[33]

Reception was mixed to positive. Chicago Sun-Times critic Roger Ebert said the film was a "splendid comic thriller, exciting and graceful, endlessly inventive", and gave it three-and-a-half stars out of four.[34] On the other hand, Eleanor Ringel Gillespie of The Atlanta Journal-Constitution disliked the film, calling it "dated and confused".[35] Rotten Tomatoes gave The World Is Not Enough a 51% "rotten" rating,[36] and Metacritic gave the film a score of 59 out of 100.[37] Negative criticism was drawn at the execution of the plot and action scenes which were considered excessive.[38] Entertainment Weekly picked it as the worst Bond film of all time, saying it had a plot "so convoluted even Pierce Brosnan has admitted to being mystified".[39] Norman Wilner of MSN chose it as the third worst movie, above A View to a Kill and Licence to Kill,[40] while IGN chose it as the fifth worst.[41]

Richards was criticised as not being credible in the role of a nuclear scientist.[42][43] Her outfit comprising a tank top and shorts also met a similar reaction.[44] She was ranked as the worst Bond girl of all time by Entertainment Weekly in 2008.[45]

Adaptations

Main articles: The World Is Not Enough (novel) and The World Is Not Enough (video game)

The film was adapted into a trading card series which was released by Inkworks. Bond novelist Raymond Benson wrote his adaptation of The World Is Not Enough from the film's screenplay. It was Benson's fourth Bond novel and followed the story closely, but with some details changed. For instance, Elektra sings quietly before her death and Bond still carries his Walther PPK instead of the newer P99. The novel also gave the cigar girl/assassin the name Giulietta da Vinci and retained a scene between her and Renard that was cut from the film (this scene was also retained in the card series).

In 2000, the film was adapted by Electronic Arts to create a first-person shooter of the same name for the Nintendo 64 and PlayStation. Incidentally, The World Is Not Enough was the last Bond title to appear on either console. The Nintendo 64 version was developed by Eurocom and the PlayStation version was developed by Black Ops.[46] Versions of The World Is Not Enough for the PC and the PlayStation 2 were planned for release in 2000, but both were cancelled.[47] These versions would have used the id Tech 3 game engine. Although this game marks Pierce Brosnan's fifth appearance in a Bond video game, the game includes only his likeness; the character is voiced by someone else.

References

  • Simpson, Paul (7 November 2002). The Rough Guide to James Bond. London: Rough Guides. ISBN 1-84353-142-9. 
  1. ^ Simpson, p 26
  2. ^ Parker, Barry R. (2005). Death Rays, Jet Packs, Stunts & Supercars: The Fantastic Physics of Film's Most Celebrated Secret Agent. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-080188248-7. 
  3. ^ LaSalle, Mick (19 November 1999). "More Than 'Enough'". San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/1999/11/19/DD3046.DTL. Retrieved 23 December 2007. 
  4. ^ Thomas, Rebecca (19 November 1999). "One girl is not enough". BBC NEWS. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/special_report/1999/11/99/shaken_not_stirred/523329.stm. Retrieved 23 December 2007. 
  5. ^ Brian Sibley (2006). Peter Jackson: A Film-maker's Journey. London: Harpercollins. pp. 397–8. ISBN 0-00-717558-2. 
  6. ^ "Bond is backed... by the government". Guardian Unlimited. 27 April 1999. http://film.guardian.co.uk/Column/0,4541,45454,00.html. Retrieved 29 December 2007. 
  7. ^ "TWINE & The Rumoured Titles". 26 June 2001. http://commanderbond.net/article/361. Retrieved 1 October 2007. 
  8. ^ Famous Epitaphs - Unusual Epitaphs and Tombstones - Famous Eulogies - Great Eulogies - Free Eulogy Samples
  9. ^ Priggé, Steven. Movie moguls speak: interviews with top film producers (p.27)
  10. ^ Dye, Kerry Douglas (1999-11-15). "His Word is Bond: An Interview With 007 Screenwriter Bruce Feirstein". LeisureSuit.net. http://www.leisuresuit.net/Webzine/articles/bruce_feirstein.shtml. Retrieved 2007-01-05. 
  11. ^ a b c "Filming locations for The World Is Not Enough (1999)". Internet Movie Database. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0143145/locations. Retrieved 16 January 2008. 
  12. ^ "British Waterways' Film Map: Canals and rivers on screen". Waterscape.com. http://www.waterscape.com/features-and-articles/films. Retrieved 15 January 2008. 
  13. ^ Ian Nathan (October 2008). "Unseen Bond". Empire: pp. 105. 
  14. ^ "Motorola building". SwindonWeb. http://www.swindonweb.com/index.asp?m=8&s=115&ss=462&c=1175. Retrieved 7 December 2009. 
  15. ^ The Making of The World Is Not Enough (DVD). Danjaq. 1999. 
  16. ^ ""The World Is Not Enough" OST review". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r443585. Retrieved 16 January 2008. 
  17. ^ a b "David Arnold official website". Archived from the original on 29 December 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071229032830/http://davidarnold.com/cine_menu_11.asp. Retrieved 16 January 2008. 
  18. ^ Thunderball (Audio CD). EMI. 2003-02-25. UPN: 7-2435-80589-2-5. 
  19. ^ Diamonds Are Forever (Audio CD). EMI. 2003-02-11. UPN: 7-2435-41420-2-4. 
  20. ^ The Man With The Golden Gun (Audio CD). EMI. 2003-02-25. UPN: 7-2435-41424-2-0. 
  21. ^ Tomorrow Never Dies (Audio CD). A&M Records. 1997-11-25. UPN: 7-3145-40830-2-7. 
  22. ^ Spence D. (17 November 2006). "Top 10 James Bond Theme Songs". IGN. http://music.ign.com/articles/746/746590p1.html. Retrieved 4 November 2007. 
  23. ^ "89X's "Top 89 Songs of 1999". Rocklists.com. http://www.rocklists.com/89x-1999.html. Retrieved 2 March 2007. 
  24. ^ "Q101's "Top 101 of 1999". Rocklists.com. http://www.rocklists.com/q101-1999.html. Retrieved 2 March 2007. 
  25. ^ "Bond 19: More than enough". BBC NEWS. 19 November 1999. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/1999/11/99/shaken_not_stirred/524858.stm. Retrieved 1 October 2007. 
  26. ^ "Selling a super spy". BBC NEWS. 19 November 1999. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/1999/11/99/shaken_not_stirred/525210.stm. Retrieved 1 October 2007. 
  27. ^ "The World Is Not Enough". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=worldisnotenough.htm. Retrieved 29 September 2007. 
  28. ^ "James Bond movies". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/franchises/chart/?id=jamesbond.htm. Retrieved 29 September 2007. 
  29. ^ "TWINE Could Be Up For An Oscar". Commanderbond.net. 4 January 2000. http://commanderbond.net/article/10. Retrieved 1 October 2007. 
  30. ^ "Awards for The World Is Not Enough". Internet Movie Database. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0143145/awards. Retrieved 25 December 2007. 
  31. ^ "MGM Celebrates One Year Of Profits". StudioBriefing, IMDb. 27 July 2000. http://www.imdb.com/news/sb/2000-07-27#film3. Retrieved 25 December 2007. 
  32. ^ "The World Is Not Enough DVD review". TimeForDVD.com. http://www.timefordvd.com/SR_TheWorldIsNotEnough.html. Retrieved 16 January 2008. 
  33. ^ "The World Is Not Enough DVD & Soundtrack". UGO. Archived from the original on 21 November 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071121130054/http://jamesbond.ugo.com/movies/twine/index.php?p=dvd. Retrieved 16 January 2008. 
  34. ^ Ebert, Roger. "The World is Not Enough". Chicago Sun-Times. http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19991119/REVIEWS/911190304/1023. Retrieved 17 December 2007. 
  35. ^ Gillespie, Eleanor Ringel. "The World Is Not Enough". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:faSbJ_OvcIIJ:www.accessatlanta.com/movies/content/shared/movies/reviews/W/theworldisnotenough.html+site:https://www.accessatlanta.com/&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&client=firefox-a. Retrieved 16 January 2008. 
  36. ^ "The World Is Not Enough". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/world_is_not_enough/. Retrieved 29 September 2007. 
  37. ^ "The World Is Not Enough". Metacritic. http://www.metacritic.com/video/titles/worldisnotenough?q=The%20World%20Is%20Not%20Enough. Retrieved 26 December 2007. 
  38. ^ Matt Venendaal (16 May 2006). "The World Is Not Enough (DVD) review". IGN. http://dvd.ign.com/articles/037/037271p1.html. Retrieved 25 December 2007. 
  39. ^ Benjamin Svetkey, Joshua Rich (2006-11-15). "Countdown: Ranking the Bond Films". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,1560072_2,00.html. Retrieved 5 February 2008. 
  40. ^ Norman Wilner. "Rating the Spy Game". MSN. Archived from the original on 2008-01-19. http://web.archive.org/web/20080119210839/http://movies.sympatico.msn.ca/features/ArticleNormanWilner.aspx?cp-documentid=436189. Retrieved 25 December 2007. 
  41. ^ "James Bond's Top 20". IGN. 17 November 2006. http://movies.ign.com/articles/746/746573p1.html. Retrieved 25 December 2007. 
  42. ^ Lisanti, Tom; Paul, Louis (2002). Film Fatales: Women in Espionage Films and Television, 1962-1973. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co. ISBN 978-078641194-8 
  43. ^ Howe, Desson, 19 November 1999, 'World': Bond without end, Washington Post.
  44. ^ Herincx, Gareth (19 November 1999). "Bond 19: More than enough". BBC NEWS. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/1999/11/99/shaken_not_stirred/524858.stm. 
  45. ^ Rich, Joshua (8 January 2008). "James Bond Babes: Best and Worst". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/gallery/0,,20170028_20,00.html. Retrieved 5 February 2008. 
  46. ^ Black Ops had previously adapted Tomorrow Never Dies for the PlayStation and would go on to develop Nightfire in 2002.
  47. ^ "The World Is Not Enough preview (PS2)". IGN. http://ps2.ign.com/articles/134/134285p1.html. Retrieved 17 December 2007. 

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