- Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport
-
Chongqing Jiangbei
International Airport
重庆江北国际机场
Chóngqìng Jiāngběi Guójì Jīchǎng
IATA: CKG – ICAO: ZUCK Summary Airport type Public Serves Chongqing Location Yubei District, Chongqing Hub for Elevation AMSL 416 m / 1,365 ft Coordinates 29°43′09″N 106°38′30″E / 29.71917°N 106.64167°ECoordinates: 29°43′09″N 106°38′30″E / 29.71917°N 106.64167°E Website Map Location in China
CKGRunways Direction Length Surface m ft 02L/20R 3,200 10,499 Concrete 02R/20L 3,600 11,811 Concrete — 3,800 12,467 Under Construction Statistics (2010) Passengers 15,802,334 Source: China's busiest airports by passenger traffic Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport (Simplified Chinese: 重庆江北国际机场, Traditional Chinese: 重慶江北國際機場, Pinyin: Chóngqìng Jiāngběi Guójì Jīchǎng) (IATA: CKG, ICAO: ZUCK) is an airport located in the Yubei District of Chongqing, People's Republic of China offering a growing network of direct flights to China, South East Asia, the Middle East and Europe. It is located 21km north of the city-centre of Chongqing and serves as an important aviation hub for south-western China. Jiangbei airport is a hub for China Southern Airlines, Chongqing Airlines, Sichuan Airlines and HNA's new China West Air, and Chongqing is a focus city of Air China. Therefore it is very well connected with Star Alliance and Sky Team's international network.
Currently Jiangbei airport has two terminals: Terminal 1 serving international flights; Terminal 2, Halls A and B serving domestic flights. The first, second and third phase of the airport came into operation in January 1990, December 2004, and December 2010 respectively. The domestic terminal is capable of handling 30 million passengers while its international terminal is able to handle more than 1 million passengers annually. A third terminal is currently in the planning stage along with a third runway construction due to commence shortly.[2]
In terms of passenger traffic, Chongqing airport was the 10th busiest airport nationwide in 2010, handling 15,802,334 people. Also, the airport was the 11th busiest airport by cargo traffic and by traffic movements in China. During the first half of year 2011, Chongqing airport handled 8.87 million passengers, and surpassed Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport(8.48 million) to become the 9th busiest airport in terms of passenger traffic in mailand China.[3]
Contents
History
The civil aviation of Chongqing dates back to the 1920's, and boasts a history of more than 90 years. After the completion of Baishiyi Airport in 1938, Chongqing became one of the only four cities in China that had an airport in operation. In 1950, four flight routes from Tianjin, Chengdu, Guangzhou and Kunming to Chongqing became the earliest to be opened after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949. However in 1965, when Civil Aviation Administration of China founded a branch in Sichuan Province and Chongqing Airport became subject to it. Since then, the development of Chongqing's civil aviation has come into a sudden stop, until the 1990's.[4]
On January 22, 1990, the new airport, Jiangbei Airport was opened and it replaced the old Baishiyi Airport. The development of the civil aviation resumed. In 1997, when Chongqing City became the 4th municipality of China, Civil Aviation Administration of China established a branch in Chongqing in the same year.
Development
Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport is currently undergoing a major expansion effort, with the ambition of obtaining international air hub status and becoming the largest airport in western China by 2035.[5] Chongqing is one of several fast-growing airports in western China to have outlined ambitious growth plans, with Chengdu, Xi'an, Chongqing, Wuhan and Kunming all vying for the role as the nation’s fourth largest aviation hub (after Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou).
In coming months, CAPA will review the progress and ambitions of Chongqing's rivals in western China. At present, Chengdu Airport, which has already been reviewed by CAPA as part of this airport series, is the largest of the ambitious western China airports. Chongqing and Xi’an however have reported the fastest growth rates recently, according to CAPA's Airport Traffic Benchmark Tool.[5]
Airport expansion
Two runways in use allow simultaneous landing and taking off
Terminal 3AIn 2004, Terminal 2 was opened and was expected to be able to handle as many as 10 million passengers in 2010. Chongqing Jiangbei Airport became one of the largest in Western China. However, the passenger traffic grew at such a fast pace that in 2007, the airport already served more than 10 million passengers.
The phase three construction including a second runway and expansion of Terminal 2 started in 2007. Major construction included adding a second runway of 3,200 meters(which was later lengthened to 3,600 meters) to the east of the existing runway, building a parallel taxiway in between the two runways and setting up a visual aid lighting support system. It also included a second terminal building (T2A) with an area of 60,000 sq.m., 41 apron aircraft parking stands, and a freight station and support facilities occupying an area of 20,000 sq.m. It cost CNY3.3 billion(USD538 million).[6] The project was finished at 2010. In December 22nd, 2010, the second runway came into regular use and Chongqing Airport became the 4th city in mainland China that had 2 runways operating at the same time. One of the two runways is exclusively for taking off and the other for landing.
The plan for the next ambitious expansion includes the addition of the third runway and a new terminal, Terminal 3A, which is 500,000 square meters[7], twice the size of the existing Terminal 1 and 2 combined. This project will cost more than CNY 20 billion. The new terminal is expected to be completed in 2015 and after completion, the airport will have 700,000 square meters of terminal space, and be among the world’s 15 largest airports with an annual passenger capacity of 60 million and an annual cargo capacity of 2 million tons. Half of the new terminal is planned to be used for international flights to and from cities in South East Asia, East Asia, Middle Eastern Countries, Western Africa, Western Europe and North America.
Surge in cargo traffic
Aircraft movements have been increasingCargo traffic increased at an average rate of 14% in the first six months of 2011, driven by exponential growth in international cargo. International cargo/mail volumes increased by 12 times from 2010 levels in 1H2011, to more than 9000 tonnes. In 2H2011, this growth rate is expected to be maintained, with Hewlett-Packard, Asus and other brands of large international IT production capacity supporting the increase, to an anticipated 60,000 to 80,000 tonnes of international cargo throughout the whole year.[8]
New international routes
When Chongqing City became the 4th municipality of People's Republic of China in 1997, Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport was very small, and had only two international flights per week. However, during the past 14 years, especially the past 5 years, more and more international routes were launched. In the year 2010, there were on average more than 70 international flights per week and in the first half of 2011, this number rose to more than a hundred. This number is expected to further rise to as many as 150 in the year 2012.
Currently most of the international destinations of Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport lie in East and Southeast Asia, including Tokyo, Seoul, Hanoi, Singapore, Bangkok, Phuket and Siem Reap. However, this is going to change very soon. Qatar Airways and Finnair decided this year to launch new routes to Doha in the Middle East and Helsinki in Europe.[9][10]
Furthermore, Ethiopian Airlines, Lufthansa and Etihad Airways have all shown intention of launching direct flights to and from Addis Ababa, Frankfurt and Abu Dhabi in the next few years to come. Recently Delta Airlines sent a delegation to Chongqing, in preparation for its new route from Chongqing to North America[11]. Hainan Airlines is also planning to launch direct flight to Newark (with one stop at Beijing) and non-stop flight to Paris in due course.[12]
Potential
Chongqing has ambitious growth plans and the population and economic growth to support the growth of Jiangbei International Airport. The city of Chongqing has more than 30 million inhabitants, and with an area of 82,400sqm is one of the world’s largest municipality by population and one of the largest by area. It is also one of fastest growing cities in China’s interior that Beijing has targeted for growth as the country shifts some manufacturing from coastal cities to the West.[13]
Economically, Chongqing serves as the economic centre of the upstream Yangtze area. It is the major manufacturing centre and a transportation hub for southwest China and has considerable multi-national presence, with companies including Ford, Mazda, HSBC, Standard Chartered Bank, Citibank, Deutsche Bank, Goldman Sachs, ANZ Bank, Scotiabank, Wal-Mart, Metro AG and Carrefour all located in the city. Its position as a technology hub will also ensure continued and rapid freight growth at the airport.
Against this backdrop, Chongqing is well placed to rise up the ranks to become one of the nation's - and Asia's - largest airports. Its ambition to become China's fourth biggest hub, although faced with some strong competition from other powerhouse cities, is very well supported by the local and central government.
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
Airlines Destinations Air Asia Seasonal: Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Phuket Air China Beijing-Capital, Dalian, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Hefei, Hong Kong, Jiuzhaigou, Lanzhou, Lhasa, Lijiang, Nanjing, Phuket, Qingdao, Sanya, Shanghai-Pudong, Shenzhen, Taipei-Taoyuan, Tianjin, Tokyo-Narita, Urumqi, Wenzhou, Wuhan, Wuxi, Xiamen Air Macau Macau Asiana Airlines Seoul-Incheon Chengdu Airlines Beihai China Airlines Kaohsiung, Taichung China Eastern Airlines Changsha, Changzhou, Hefei, Huai'an, Jinan, Kunming, Liuzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Quanzhou/Jinjiang, Shanghai-Hongqiao, Shanghai-Pudong, Shijiazhuang, Taiyuan, Wanzhou, Wenzhou, Wuhan, Wuxi, Xi'an China Express Airlines Baise, Changzhi, Dalian, Datong, Dongying, Guiyang, Handan, Jining, Luoyang, Nanning, Nantong, Ordos, Qianjiang, Taiyuan, Tongliao, Weifang, Wuhan, Wuzhou, Xichang, Zhuhai China Southern Airlines Beijing-Capital, Changsha, Changchun, Changsha, Dali, Dalian, Diqing, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Guilin, Guiyang, Hangzhou, Harbin, Haikou, Jiuzhaigou, Kunming, Lhasa, Lijiang, Nanchang, Nanning, Nyingchi, Sanya, Shanghai-Pudong, Shantou, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Taiyuan, Tengchong, Urumqi, Wenzhou, Wuhan, Xiamen, Xi'an, Xishuangbanna, Yiwu, Zhengzhou, Zhuhai China United Airlines Beijing-Nanyuan Chongqing Airlines Beijing-Capital, Changsha, Dali, Diqing, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Guilin, Guiyang, Hangzhou, Jiuzhaigou, Kunming, Lijiang, Nanchang, Nanjing, Sanya, Shanghai-Pudong, Shenzhen, Sipsongpanna, Tengchong, Wenzhou, Wuhan Deer Air Guangzhou, Haikou, Sanya Dragonair Hong Kong Finnair Helsinki [begins 9 May 2012][10] Hainan Airlines Beijing-Capital, Changsha, Dalian, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Guilin, Haikou, Jinan, Kunming, Lanzhou, Lijiang, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qingdao, Sanya, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Urumqi, Wenzhou, Wuhan, Xiamen, Xi'an, Xishuangbanna, Zhangjiajie, Zhengzhou, Zhuhai Hebei Airlines Nanning, Shijiazhuang Hong Kong Airlines Hong Kong Hong Kong Express Airways Hong Kong Juneyao Airlines Shanghai-Hongqiao, Shanghai-Pudong Kunming Airlines Kunming, Taizhou Lucky Air Lijiang, Kunming, Xuzhou Malaysia Airlines Charter: Kuala Lumpur Mega Maldives Malé [begins 25 November][14] Okay Airways Changsha, Taiyuan, Tianjin Orient Thai Airlines Charter: Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi Qatar Airways Doha [begins 28 November][9] Shandong Airlines Guiyang, Harbin, Jinan, Kunming, Nanjing, Qingdao, Wuhan, Xiamen, Xi'an, Yantai, Zhengzhou Shanghai Airlines Huangshan, Shanghai-Hongqiao Shenzhen Airlines Dalian, Nanjing, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Taizhou, Urumqi, Wuxi, Zhengzhou Sichuan Airlines Beijing-Capital, Changchun, Changsha, Changzhou, Chengdu, Dalian, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Guilin, Guiyang, Haikou, Hangzhou, Harbin, Hefei, Hohhot, Jinan, Jinjiang, Jiuzhaigou, Kangding, Kunming, Lanzhou, Lhasa, Lijiang City, Mianyang, Nanchang, Nanjing, Nanning, Ningbo, Panzhihua, Quanzhou/Jinjiang, Sanya, Shanghai-Pudong, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Taiyuan, Tianjin, Urumqi, Wenzhou, Wuhan, Wuxi, Xiamen, Xi'an, Xichang, Xining, Xuzhou, Yichang, Yinchuan, Zhangjiajie, Zhengzhou Sichuan Airlines Hanoi, Phuket, Taipei-Songshan SilkAir Singapore Spring Airlines Shanghai-Hongqiao, Shanghai-Pudong, Shijiazhuang Tianjin Airlines Nanning, Tianjin, Yinchuan, Yuncheng Tibet Airlines Haikou, Lhasa, Zhengzhou Tonlesap Airlines Seasonal: Siem Reap TransAsia Airways Taipei-Songshan Uni Air Taipei-Taoyuan West Air Changsha, Dalian, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Guilin, Haikou, Jinan, Kunming, Lijiang, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qingdao, Sanya, Tianjin, Wenzhou, Wuhan, Xiamen, Xi'an, Xishuangbanna, Zhangjiajie, Zhengzhou, Zhuhai Xiamen Airlines Changsha, Fuzhou, Guilin, Hangzhou, Lijiang, Nanchang, Quanzhou, Tianjin, Wuhan, Xiamen, Xi'an Cargo
Airlines Destinations Air China Cargo Chennai, Luxembourg, Shanghai-Pudong
Charter: Chicago-O'Hare[15]Cathay Pacific Hong Kong China Airlines Taipei-Taoyuan[16] China Southern Amsterdam[17] , Shanghai-Pudong China Eastern Dhaka, Shanghai-Pudong[18] Emirates SkyCargo Charter: Dubai EVA Air Taipei-Taoyuan Jade Cargo International Amsterdam, Brescia, Dubai, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Vienna[19] Singapore Airlines Cargo Bangalore, Dhaka, Kolkata, Shanghai-Pudong, Singapore[20] TNT Airways Liege, Shanghai-Pudong Yangtze River Express Guangzhou, Luxembourg, Moscow, Shanghai-Pudong, Taipei-Taoyuan Ground transportation
The ground transportation of CKG is developing very fast. Chongqing International Airport is building four highways around the airport as part of plans to turn Chongqing into an integrated regional transport hub in western China.[21] There will be a 300,000sqm transportation transfer centre in T3A. It will support the construction of an inter-city rail, light rail, bus and car modes of transport. The airport owner also plans to extend two local light rail lines and the Chongqing-Wanzhou highway to the airport.
Bus
Airport Shuttle BusAirport Shuttle Buses are easily accessible at Terminal 2. They leave for the city every half an hour, with stops at Jiazhou Bus Station, Waimao Dasha(International Commerce Mansion) and final stop, Shangqing Si. The reverse route is slightly different, with beginning stop at Shangqing Si, but only one intermediate stop at Yutong Hotel and the buses finally stop at Terminal 2. A one way ticket costs CNY15(approximately 2.4 US dollars).[22]
There is a bus transition center between Hall A and Hall B of Terminal 2, and there stop buses to nearby cities in Sichuan and Guizhou Province, as well as satellite cities in Chongqing Municipality. Those cities include Yibin, Zigong, Neijiang, Guang'an, Linshui, Nanchong, Nanbu, Xichong, Hejiang, Dazhou, Anyue, Dazhu, Suixian, and Suining in Sichuan Province, and Zunyi, Chishui and Xishui in Guizhou Province, and Tongliang, Tongnan, Yongchuan, Dazu, Jiangjin, Hechuan, Beibei, Rongchang, Changshou, Dianjiang, Zhongxian, Shizhu, Qijiang, Liangping and Wanzhou District in Chongqing Municipality. The fairs range from CNY40 to CNY100 yuan.
Car
Airport map of 2010There is currently one airport freeway connecting the city center with the airport, and the second one has been planned.The airport freeway is 23 kilometers long, but it usually takes as many as 30 minutes to get from the city center to the airport because of the heavy traffic. Parking lot lies right in front of Terminal 1 and 2.
Car rental service is also available at the airport.
Rail
Chongqing MetroChongqing Metro Line 3 runs from Terminal 2 to its final stop, Yudong Station, covering a distance of 60 kilometers(37.3 miles) in total. This newly constructed line was partly opened to public in September, 2011. At the end of the same year, another segment of Line 3 will be opened and from that time on, it will allow passengers to travel between the airport and the city within a very short time.[23]
In the Terminal 3A which is currently at an early stage of construction, there is a huge underground railway station planned and will be opened in 2015 with the completion of Terminal 3A. It will connect cities as far as 300 kilometers with the airport and allow the airport to serve a lot larger population. The speed of the trains is designed to be 250 to 300 kilometers per hour, so it will only take less than one hour to get to the airport from a relatively faraway city.[24]
Taxi
Taxis can easily be found in front of Arrival Halls in both Terminal 1 and 2. The flat rate fare of most taxis in Chongqing is about CNY8(USD1.3) for the prior 3 kilometers (about 1.9 miles) and then the distance surcharge is about CNY 2.1 per kilometers. It usually costs passengers at least CNY70(USD12) from the airport to downtown area in the day time, but more than CNY100(USD16) at night.
See also
References
- ^ "China Southern Airlines to make Chongqing into aviation hub" (in English). Xinhua News Agency. 2011-05-06. http://www.china.org.cn/business/2011-05/06/content_22512439.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
- ^ "Dynamic signage key to arrivals experience". Future Travel Experience. http://www.futuretravelexperience.com/2011/06/dynamic-signage-key-to-arrivals-experience/. Retrieved 30 June 2011.
- ^ 中国机场2011年上半年旅客、邮货吞吐量排名
- ^ "Chongqing Documentary: The Intention of Expanding Baishiyi Airport 44 Years Ago" (in Simplified Chinese). Tengxun Media. 2010-02-21. http://cq.qq.com/a/20100201/000769.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
- ^ a b "江北国际机场四期扩建工程今年底奠基" (in Simplified Chinese). Chongqing Morning Paper. 2011-09-04. http://www.liangjiang.gov.cn/ljxw/xw_mtjj/201194/20119494254.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
- ^ NDRC approves Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport construction project
- ^ Chongqing airport expansion by 2015
- ^ Chongqing aims to become China’s fourth largest airport
- ^ a b "QATAR AIRWAYS TO FLY TO CHONGQING IN CHINA" (in English). Qatar Airways. 2011-08-11. http://www.qatarairways.com/global/en/newsroom/archive/PressRelease1_11Aug11.html. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
- ^ a b "Finnair to open route to Chongqing in China" (in English). Helsinki Vantaa International Airport. 2011-05-07. http://www.helsinki-vantaa.fi/more-information/news-archive/press-release/id=6113612/t=finnair-to-open-route-to. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
- ^ "空中银翼表 助重庆翱翔天宇" (in Simplified Chinese). Chongqing Municipal People's Government. 2011-10-22. http://www.cq.gov.cn/today/news/355444.htm. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
- ^ http://news.carnoc.com/list/204/204563.htmle
- ^ "Chicago on the Yangtze" (in English). Foreign Policy. 2010-10-07. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/08/16/chicago_on_the_yangtze. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
- ^ "11月25日起重庆直飞马尔代夫" (in Simplified Chinese). 腾讯网. 2011-10-14. http://cq.qq.com/a/20111014/000600.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
- ^ 国货航成功执行重庆第一班至北美货运包机
- ^ "华航11月2日开通“高雄——重庆”直航航线,11月4日起将增辟台北（桃园）——重庆货运航线" (in Simplified Chinese). 民航资源网. 2011-11-02. http://news.carnoc.com/list/204/204473.html. Retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ^ "China Southern Launches the First Regular International Freighter Service of Chongqing" (in English). China Southern Airlines. 2011-09-23. http://www.csair.cn/_layouts/GroupPortal2010en/pages/newsdetail.aspx?itemid=75&ListName=News. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
- ^ http://caac.people.com.cn/GB/114110/8772652.html
- ^ 重庆机场首开欧洲国际货运航线
- ^ "重庆机场冬春季货运航线将达13条以上" (in English). China Southern Airlines. 2011-11-03. http://www.cah.com.cn/news.php?id=4912. Retrieved 2011-11-03.
- ^ Chongqing to Have Largest Airport in Western China
- ^ http://www.cqa.cn/u/jichang/page_578.shtml
- ^ "重庆轻轨3号线正式通车 山城轨道交通网已现雏形" (in Simplified Chinese). 人民网. 2011-09-29. http://cq.people.com.cn/news/2011929/2011929145555.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
- ^ "重庆江北机场四期扩建年底奠基" (in Simplified Chinese). China Daily. 2011-08-30. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/dfpd/chongqing/2011-08-30/content_3647422.html. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
External links
- Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport (Chinese)
- Airport information for ZUCK at World Aero Data. Data current as of October 2006.
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