Morden

For other uses, see Morden (disambiguation).

Coordinates: 51°24′05″N 0°11′42″W / 51.4015°N 0.1949°W / 51.4015; -0.1949

Morden
Morden  Morden shown within Greater London
OS grid reference	TQ255685
London borough	Merton
Ceremonial county	Greater London
Region	London
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	LONDON, MORDEN
Postcode district	SM4
Dialling code	020
Police	Metropolitan
Fire	London
Ambulance	London
EU Parliament	London
UK Parliament	Wimbledon
	Mitcham and Morden
London Assembly	Merton and Wandsworth
List of places: UK • England • London

Morden is a district in the London Borough of Merton. It is located approximately 8 miles (13 km) South-southwest of central London between Merton Park (to the north), Mitcham (to the east), Sutton (to the south) and Worcester Park (to the west).

Origin of name

Morden might get its name either from the British language words Mawr (great or large) and Dun (a fort), or possibly "The Town on the Moor".

History

Early history

Human activity in Morden dates back to the prehistoric period when Celtic tribes are known to have occupied areas around Wimbledon, but the first significant development in Morden was the construction of the Roman road called Stane Street from Chichester to London.

The route of Stane Street through Morden followed the current A24, London Road up Stonecot Hill from the south west crossing Morden Park to the west of the current dual carriageway road and passing through the pitch and putt golf course and the grounds of St Lawrence's Church. The road then descended the other side of the hill towards the town centre passing west of the Underground station and crossing the north corner of Morden Hall Park heading in the direction of Colliers Wood and Tooting. Small Roman artifacts, mainly coins and pottery, have been found at various locations within the area although there is no evidence of any settlement.

Ethelstan the Etheling, son of Ethelred the Unready, left "land at Mordune" to the abbey of Christ and St. Peter in his will of 1015, which became the site of the first Saxon parish church of St Lawrence.

In 1086, the Domesday Book recorded the manor as Mordone, part of Wallington Hundred. It was held by Westminster Abbey and its assets were: 3 hides; 1 mill worth £2 and 7 ploughs. It rendered £15.^[1] in total. Fourteen people were recorded as living in the area.

The Garth family

The manor and village remained abbey property until the Dissolution of the Monasteries in Henry VIII's reign when the manor was sold to Lionel Ducket and Edward Whitchurch. Together, they sold it on the following year to Sir Richard Garth who became Lord of the Manor.^[2] The Garth family owned the land and maintained their connection with the parish for the next four centuries, living at Morden Hall Park until the manor was sold by another Sir Richard Garth in 1872.^[2]

The prominence of the Garth family is recorded locally in the name of Garth Road, Lower Morden and the former Garth School. The two lions included in the present civic arms of the London Borough of Merton are adopted from the arms of Sir Richard.

19th century

Morden's Population

19th century		20th century
1801	512	1901	960
1811	549	1911	1,202
1821	638	1921	1,355
1831	655	1931	12,618
1841	685	1941¹	war
1851	628	1951	35,417
1861	654	1961²	68,011
1871	787	1971²	62,872
1881	694	1981²	61,108
1891	763	1991³	n/a
no census was held due to war includes Merton census data no longer relates to parish boundaries
source: UK census

Despite the rapid suburban development of nearby Wimbledon occasioned by the arrival of the new railways constructed in the mid 19th century, Morden remained a rural parish throughout the 19th century. While the population of Wimbledon grew hugely from 1,591 in 1801 to 41,652 in 1901, the population of Morden was 512 in 1801 and, one hundred years later, had grown to just 960.^[3]

In 1871, the area of the parish of Morden was 1,474.926 acres (5.969 km²)^[4] with the small village clustered around St Lawrence’s church at the top of the hill on the road from London to Epsom (now London Road/Epsom Road). Approximately half a mile to the west of the main village and the grounds of Morden Park stood the hamlet of Lower Morden.

Close to the church were the George Inn, a 17th century coaching inn (now modernised and part of a national pub restaurant chain), the estate of Morden Park and a school.

The other main public house in the village was the Crown Inn, located to the north east of the village with a small cluster of cottages on Crown Road. The rest of what is now the commercial centre of Morden was fields.

In the late 19th century the principal industry remained agriculture, although some industrial activity did exist along the river Wandle where watermills ground tobacco to snuff and a varnish works existed close to the site of Poplar Primary School. By 1898, the varnish works had gone and there was a brickworks^[5] on the site of Mostyn Gardens in Martin Way (then called Green Lane).^[5]

20th century

Arms of the former Merton and Morden Urban District Council (1907-1965) granted 1943

Under the Local Government Act, 1894, the parish of Morden formed part of the Croydon Rural District of Surrey. The first two decades of the 20th century saw little change in the village, with industry still mainly agricultural in nature; however development in the parish of Merton to the north led to that area being removed from the rural district to form the Merton Urban District in 1907. Morden was merged with the Merton Urban District, in 1913, to form the Merton and Morden Urban District.^[6] It was not, until 1926, when Morden Underground station opened as the terminus of a new extension of the City & South London Railway (now part of the London Underground's Northern Line), that the fast and direct route to Central London opened up the village for residential development.

To complement the new station, a garage was constructed on the other side of London Road, adjacent to the railway cutting and, in 1932, Morden Cinema was built next to it on the corner of Aberconway Road. Around the station a new commercial centre grew quickly as shops sprang up along London Road and Crown Lane, including a rebuilt and enlarged Crown public house (opened in 1932)^[7] and a large Royal Arsenal Co-operative Society (RACS) department store (opened in 1940).^[7]

Away from the new commercial centre of Morden, the existing rural roads were widened and rebuilt and the fields were rapidly divided into building plots and laid out for new housing. Further transport improvements came with the construction of a new Southern Railway branch line from Wimbledon to Sutton via stations at South Merton and Morden South (so named to differentiate it from Morden Underground Station and Morden Station (now Morden Road tram stop), although it was actually north east of the original village centre). The new line opened in January 1930. As a result of the new transport links, the population of Morden increased rapidly from 1,355 in 1921 to 12,618 in 1931. In the next fifteen years, the population continued to grow, as most of the parish was covered in new suburban homes.

One of the main residential developments in the 1930s was the St. Helier estate, built by the London County Council (LCC) to house workers from Inner London and named in honour of Lady St. Helier, an alderman of the LCC. The estate was the largest local authority development in South London and has its road names arranged in alphabetical order, from the north-west corner (Abbotsbury Road) to the south-east corner (Woburn Road). Reflecting the previous ownership of the land by Westminster Abbey, all are named after religious establishments. Much of the St. Helier Estate now lies in the London Borough of Sutton.

A map of Morden from the 1920s

A map of Morden from 1944

In 1943, the council was granted a civic coat-of-arms incorporating lions from the Garth family arms and the fret from the arms of Merton Abbey. The motto, "In Libertate Vis", means "Our Strength is our Freedom". In 1965, under the London Government Act 1963, the Merton and Morden Urban District Council was abolished and its area combined with that of the Municipal Borough of Wimbledon and the Municipal Borough of Mitcham to form the present-day London Borough of Merton.

Today

Morden town centre: London Road looking south-west towards Crown House and Morden Underground station

Baitul Futuh Mosque

Little of the earlier, rural, character of Morden survived the suburban expansion, although the area has excellent provision of parks and playing fields, many of them created from remnants of the former country estates. It is, for the most part, a suburb.

The Crown public house was demolished in the early 1960s to make way for the fourteen-storey office block, Crown House, and a large supermarket (the supermarket was in turn demolished in the 1980s and replaced by the Civic Centre/Library). The Crown pub was incorporated into the new building. The largest store, the Royal Arsenal Co-operative Society (RACS) closed in 1985,^[7] and it, the cinema and the garage were all demolished in the 1980's/1990's.

Landmarks

• St Lawrence Church, Morden
• Morden Baptist Church
• Morden Hall Park
• Morden Park
• The Bait'ul Futuh mosque, the largest mosque in Western Europe, built by the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community.

Transport

Morden Underground station

Nearest tube station:

• Morden Underground station

Nearest railway stations and tramlink stops (in approximate order of proximity):

• Morden South railway station
• Morden Road tram stop
• South Merton railway station
• St. Helier railway station
• Belgrave Walk tram stop
• Mitcham tram stop
• Sutton Common railway station

Notable people associated with Morden

• Admiral Mariot Arbuthnot^[8] - Commander of the Royal Navy in North America during the American War of Independence.
• Sir Joseph Bazalgette - Engineer of London's sanitary system, the Chelsea and Victoria Embankments lived in the village for a few years in the 1870s.
• Sir Richard Garth - Lord of the Manor, Privy Counsellor and Chief Justice of Bengal
• Alexander Maconochie - Founder of the Royal Geographical Society and penal reformer.
• Good Shoes - an indie music band whose first album, Think Before You Speak, included the track "Morden"

Nearest places Merton Park Lower Morden South Wimbledon St. Helier Mitcham Raynes Park Motspur Park Wimbledon Sutton Colliers Wood Hackbridge Wimbledon Park

Gallery Morden town centre: London Road looking east from Crown Lane to site of former Cinema and station garage. Morden Baptist Church, Crown Lane.

References

1. ^ Surrey Domesday Book
2. ^ ^{a b} 'Parishes: Morden', A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 4 (1912), pp. 235-37.
3. ^ UK Census records
4. ^ Ordnance Survey map, 1871 edition
5. ^ ^{a b} Ordnance Survey map, 1898 edition
6. ^ VisionofBritain.org.uk
7. ^ ^{a b c} my merton, issue 17, June-July 2006, p. 17
8. ^ Motco.com 15 Miles Round London (First edition), J Cary, 1786, Morden

External links

London portal

• British Library Collect Britain archive - Mordon, Surrey, 1780
• London Transport Museum Photographic Archive Aerial view of Morden town centre in 1926 when the Underground station opened. The first roads have been laid out but the area is still mostly fields. The Crown Inn is visible on the left.
• British Pathe News Archive 1930s Newsreel footage of construction of Morden Cinema (download - select low resolution free preview)
• Motco.com 15 Miles Round London (First edition), J Cary, 1786, Morden
• Odeon Cavalcade - Morden Cinema, 1960s