- Thanksgiving Classic
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- The Canadian Football League also holds a Thanksgiving Day Classic on Canadian Thanksgiving.
The NFL Thanksgiving logo used for 2010; the year is updated annually, with the new NFL shield being used for the first time in 2008.
The National Football League's Thanksgiving Classic is a series of games played during the Thanksgiving holiday in the United States. It has been a regular occurrence since the league's inception in 1920. Since 2006, three games are played every Thanksgiving. The first two are hosted by the Detroit Lions and the Dallas Cowboys, with one team from each conference playing either team on a rotating basis; a third game, with no fixed opponents, has been played annually since 2006.
Contents
Broadcasting
Main article: List of Thanksgiving Classic broadcastersThe game with an NFC team as the visitors airs on Fox, as it has the rights to the NFC; CBS airs the game with the AFC team as a visitor. Since 2006, there has been a third NFL game on Thanksgiving that airs on NFL Network as part of its Thursday Night Football package.
The NFL on Westwood One holds national radio broadcast rights to all three games. The team's usual Thursday night announcers handle the evening game, with a mix of other Westwood One announcers handling the Cowboys game. The Detroit game, however, uses other announcers not normally employed by Westwood One; Detroit-area broadcasters were used until 2008, but in 2009, Sports USA Radio Network took over the announcing duties for the Lions game.
History
Professional football on Thanksgiving is actually a tradition that predates the league's formation itself. Records of pro football being played on Thanksgiving date back to as early as the 1890s, with the first pro–am team, the Allegheny Athletic Association of Pittsburgh. In 1902, the "National" Football League, a Major League Baseball-backed organization based entirely in Pennsylvania and unrelated to the current NFL, attempted to settle its championship over Thanksgiving weekend; after the game ended in a tie, eventually all three teams in the league claimed to have won the title. Members of the Ohio League, during its early years, usually placed their marquee matchups on Thanksgiving Day. For instance, in 1905 and 1906 the Latrobe Athletic Association and Canton Bulldogs, considered at the time to be two of the best teams in professional football (along with the Massillon Tigers), played on Thanksgiving. A rigging scandal with the Tigers leading up to the 1906 game led to severe drops in attendance for the Bulldogs and ultimately led to their suspension of operations. During the 1910s, the Ohio League stopped holding Thanksgiving games because many of its players coached high school teams and were unavailable. This was not the case in other regional circuits: in 1919, the New York Pro Football League featured a Thanksgiving matchup between the Buffalo Prospects and the Rochester Jeffersons. The game ended in a scoreless tie, leading to a rematch the next Sunday for the league championship.
The first owner of the Lions, G.A. Richards, started the tradition of the Thanksgiving Day game as a gimmick to get people to go to Lions football games, and to continue a tradition begun by the city's previous NFL teams.[1]
Several other NFL teams played regularly on Thanksgiving in first eighteen years of the league, including the Chicago Bears and Chicago Cardinals (1922-33; the Bears played the Lions from 1934 to 1938 while the Cardinals switched to the Green Bay Packers for 1934 and 1935), Frankford Yellow Jackets, and the New York Giants (1929–38, who always played a crosstown rival). During the Franksgiving controversy in 1939 and 1940, the only two teams to play the game were the Pittsburgh Steelers and Philadelphia Eagles, as both teams were in the same state (Pennsylvania). (At the time, then-president Franklin Roosevelt wanted to move the holiday for economic reasons and many states were resistant to the move; half the states recognized the move and the other half did not. This complicated scheduling for Thanksgiving games. Incidentally, the two teams were also exploring the possibility of a merger at the time.[2]) Because of the looming World War II and the resulting shorter seasons, the NFL did not schedule any Thanksgiving games in 1941, nor did it schedule any in the subsequent years until the war ended in 1945. When the Thanksgiving games resumed in 1945, only one game would be played each year (except 1950 and 1952), and only the Lions would have a permanent Thanksgiving game. In 1951, the Packers resumed its regular role on Thanksgiving, becoming the perpetual opponent to the Lions each year through 1963.
In 1966, the Dallas Cowboys, who had been founded six years earlier, adopted the practice of hosting Thanksgiving games. It is widely rumored that the Cowboys sought a guarantee that they would regularly host Thanksgiving games as a condition of their very first one (since games on days other than Sunday were uncommon at the time and thus high attendance was not a certainty). Incidentally, Texas was the last state to recognize the "fourth Thursday" rule for Thanksgiving that had been imposed as a result of the Franksgiving compromise two decades prior, and had just adopted the rule (as opposed to the previous last Thanksgiving rule) in 1961, five years before Dallas started hosting Thanksgiving games. (The fourth and final Thursdays were the same between 1957 and 1960; the last time Texas had celebrated Thanksgiving on the week after the rest of the country was 1956.) The two "traditional" Thanksgiving Day pro football games have then been in Detroit and Dallas. Because of TV network commitments, to make sure that both the AFC-carrying network and the NFC-carrying network got at least one game each, one of these games was between NFC opponents, and one featured AFC-NFC opponents. Thus, the AFC could showcase only one team on Thanksgiving, and the AFC team was always the visiting team.
AFL, AAFC and AFC Thanksgiving games
The Detroit and Dallas arrangements were made in spite of the fact that the American Football League played Thanksgiving Day games in each of its ten years of existence, 1960-1969, actually beginning the tradition six years before the NFL Dallas Cowboys. From 1960 through 1966, one AFL game was played every Thanksgiving. In 1967, 1968 and 1969, in the buffer period before the AFL-NFL merger, each Turkey Day had two AFL games. The team with the best record in AFL Thanksgiving Day games was the New York Titans, who played in the first three, and were 3-0. The Oakland Raiders were second best, with a 3-1 record. The addition of the NFL Network game on Thanksgiving has AFC fans hoping that their conference will now have equal exposure, perhaps with an NFC-NFC, AFC-NFC, and an AFC-AFC game each Thanksgiving; in fact, the Kansas City Chiefs (after the Thanksgiving 2006 game) attempted to regain "regular" status with the night game (it was Chiefs owner Lamar Hunt who actively pushed for the night game to be established, and the league appeased him with the request[3]).
The Chiefs' claim as Thanksgiving "regulars," however, was dubious, as they had only played an AFL Thanksgiving game once—in the inaugural AFL season as the Dallas Texans—prior to when the AFL-NFL merger was finalized in 1967, when the AFL decided to put mostly West Coast and Midwestern teams on Thanksgiving. The Buffalo Bills, on the other hand, played five games on Thanksgiving in the AFL's existence, between 1962 and 1968, more than any other team, although all of those were away games (Western New York's predecessor 1920s NFL franchises also played numerous times on Thanksgiving in their first 5 years, and the Bills of the AAFC, see next paragraph, also played once and won; incidentally, the Buffalo team always was away in these cases as well). The Titans, Chiefs/Texans, Raiders, and Broncos each played four Thanksgiving games. The Chargers played on Thanksgiving three times in the AFL's time span and the Oilers twice (both of those in the last two years of the league's existence).
After Hunt's death in December 2006, the NFL effectively turned around, deciding not to give any AFC team (or even the conference in general) the permanent hosting for that night game, as the subsequent Thanksgiving night games have both been hosted by still other NFC teams: the Atlanta Falcons in 2007 and the Philadelphia Eagles in 2008. It would not be until 2009 that another AFC team (incidentally, the same Denver Broncos that were the away team in the 2006 match) would host the night game.
From 1946 to 1949, the All-America Football Conference also played on Thanksgiving; the first season, 1946, featured the crosstown rivalry of the Yankees and Dodgers of New York City, much as the NFL did in the 1920s and 1930s. Then, in 1947, the league began scheduling two games on Thanksgiving, with the Los Angeles Dons getting an annual home game and the Cleveland Browns, the league's best team, playing away (and amassing a 3-0 record in these games). The Dodgers hosted a 1947 Thanksgiving game, but ceded hosting to the Chicago franchise in 1948 and 1949. The other away team was rotated. Incidentally, all of the AAFC's Thanksgiving games featured the away team winning. When the AAFC merged with the NFL in 1950, the newly expanded league gave the Chicago Cardinals a second Thanksgiving game (the league, at this time, was only playing one game on Thanksgiving, the Lions game) as recognition of Chicago's AAFC team having done the same. This was not renewed in 1951, when Thanksgiving became exclusively for the game when the Green Bay Packers went to Detroit to play the Lions (in 1952, a second Thanksgiving game was played, but only because the Dallas Texans lost their stadium midseason and had to squeeze a home game in at the Rubber Bowl in Akron, Ohio on that day to complete their schedule).
The first AFL of 1926 also played two games in its lone season. The Philadelphia Quakers defeated the New York Yankees in New York by a score of 13-10, while the Los Angeles Wildcats and Chicago Bulls played to a scoreless tie. Neither of the subsequent American Football Leagues (1936-37 or 1940-41) played on Thanksgiving.
Throwback uniforms
From 2001 to 2004, teams playing on Thanksgiving wore throwback uniforms to celebrate the teams' heritage, similar to those adopted in the 1994 season when the league celebrated its 75th anniversary. As the traditional home teams Detroit and Dallas were, naturally, the most notable. Detroit always wore uniforms based on those of its early years. Therefore, the Lions had to remove all decals from their helmets to reflect the absence of helmet logos in that earlier era, and for the 2008 season, revived that tradition against the Tennessee Titans on November 27. The Lions and New England Patriots both wore throwbacks for their November 25, 2010 matchup.
From 2001–2003, Dallas chose to represent the 1990s Cowboys dynasty who won three Super Bowls in a four-year span by wearing the navy "Double-Star" jersey not seen since the 1995 season. In 2004, the team went further back into its history by wearing uniforms not seen since the team's inception in 1960. The 2007 season marked the first time since 2000 that the Cowboys chose to wear their home white uniforms for their annual Thanksgiving game.
Since the 2005 season, teams have been permitted to wear their throwback jersey on any two weeks of the year, not necessarily Thanksgiving. In 2009, to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the fourth American Football League, both the Dallas Cowboys and the Oakland Raiders played in a "AFL Legacy Game" as both teams began play in 1960.
Though the San Diego Chargers have not played on Thanksgiving itself since the AFL-NFL merger, they also wore their throwback white helmets and "powder blue" jerseys on Thanksgiving weekend during this time. The popularity of the throwback jerseys led to the team returning to white helmets in 2007 as well as several other teams (beginning with the Buffalo Bills in 2005 and subsequently with many other teams in 2007) adopting throwback uniforms as their third jersey. The Chargers wore the 1963 throwbacks as part of the 2009 celebration of the AFL's 50th Anniversary, but not on Thanksgiving.
During the years when throwbacks were used regularly, NFL.com altered its team logo frame to have the logos of each team be retro.
Memorable games
A legend states that the Chicago Tigers and Decatur Staleys challenged each other to a Thanksgiving duel, in Chicago, in the league's inaugural season, with the loser being relegated out of the league at the end of the season and the winners getting shared NFL franchise rights to the city of Chicago (along with the Chicago Cardinals). The legend purports to explain why the Tigers were the only NFL team to fold after the 1920 season (no other team would fold until 1921) and why the Staleys relocated to Chicago that year, later adopting their current name, the "Chicago Bears." However, though in fact the two did meet that year (with Decatur winning 6-0), the claims of it being a duel are unsubstantiated. Staleys owner George Halas, by all indications, was looking to move to Chicago all along (but in fact did not do so until a week into the 1921 season). Furthermore, and more importantly, there's no evidence that the Tigers were at any of the league's organizational meetings and is widely believed to have never joined the league at all; the only reason that they are listed as such today is because they played all of their games up to that point against NFL teams. (Some sources claim that it was the Cardinals-Tigers matchup on November 7, 1920 that was the subject of the duel, though this is even more suspicious because they played two more league games after that point.) The Tigers, after a 27-0 win over the non-league Thorn Tornadoes the next week, never played football again.
The 1921 Thanksgiving matchup between the same Chicago Staleys and the Buffalo All-Americans was notable in that the two teams were undefeated; after Buffalo defeated Chicago, the Staleys (who had refused to play any games outside of their home stadium at all that year) demanded a rematch. Buffalo agreed, on the condition that the rematch be considered an exhibition game and not be counted in the standings. After Chicago won the December 4 rematch, Halas turned to the league and demanded the game be counted. The league agreed with Chicago, and furthermore instituted a now-obsolete tiebreaker saying the rematch actually counted more than the original game, giving the championship to Chicago in a decision referred to as the "Staley Swindle" by some Buffalo sports fans.
DuMont was the first network to televise Thanksgiving games in 1953; CBS took over in 1956, and in 1965, the first ever color television broadcast of an NFL game was the Thanksgiving match between the Lions and the Baltimore Colts.
Some memorable Thanksgiving Day games include the 1962 Lions handing the 10-0 Green Bay Packers their lone defeat of the season and the 1974 Cowboys-Redskins game in which unknown Cowboys backup quarterback Clint Longley took over for an injured Roger Staubach with the team down 16-3 and rallied them to an improbable victory on two deep passes. A similar experience occurred in 1994 when Troy Aikman was injured and third-string Cowboys quarterback Jason Garrett was forced to start against the Green Bay Packers and won in a shoot-out with Brett Favre 42-31. Furthering this a decade later, Drew Henson started for the Cowboys in 2004 against the Bears; after showing no performance in the first half, he was benched in favor of Vinny Testaverde. Testeverde, with the help of then-rookie running back Julius Jones, led the Cowboys to a 21-7 win.
In the 1976 Thanksgiving matchup between the Lions and the Buffalo Bills, the Bills put forth at the same time one of the best and the worst performances in Thanksgiving history. On the positive side, running back O. J. Simpson set the league record for most rushing yards in a single game, with 273. However, Simpson achieved this feat due in large part to the fact that the Bills' backup quarterback, Gary Marangi, gained only 29 yards passing and completed only 4 out of 21 passes, in addition to throwing an interception affording a passer rating of 19.7. Despite Simpson's record-setting performance, the Bills lost the game, 27-14. Simpson's record would later be surpassed numerous times (the current record is 296, set by Adrian Peterson in 2007).
In 1980, Chicago Bear David Williams returned the opening kickoff in overtime for a touchdown against Detroit, the only time that has happened on a Thanksgiving game.
1986's Thanksgiving matchup between the Lions and the Packers, the highest scoring game in Thanksgiving history, was the best day of receiver Walter Stanley's career; Stanley netted 207 all-purpose yards and three touchdowns in the contest, including an 83-yard punt return to win the game for the Packers, 44-40. Stanley had an otherwise undistinguished career in the NFL.
The 1989 Bounty Bowl between the Cowboys and Philadelphia Eagles, a 27-0 drubbing of the home team, led to allegations that the Eagles had placed a bounty on the Cowboys kicker, thus becoming the first of a string of three bitterly-contested games between the two teams, the other two being Bounty Bowl II later that year and the Porkchop Bowl the next season.
Some of the games have been infamous for other reasons. In 1993, the Cowboys led the Dolphins 14-13 with just seconds remaining in a snow-filled Texas Stadium. Miami's Pete Stoyanovich attempted a game winning 40 yard field goal that was blocked by the Cowboys' Jimmie Jones. Dick Enberg of NBC proclaimed "The Cowboys will win." However, Cowboys defensive lineman Leon Lett chased the ball and touched it, giving the Dolphins a chance to regain possession, and then kick a much shorter field goal to take an improbable 16-14 victory.
In 1998, the Steelers and Lions went to overtime. Pittsburgh's Jerome Bettis called the coin toss in the air, but confusion surrounded the call. The officials misheard Pittsburgh's call and awarded Detroit the ball, who went on to win 19-16 on their first drive in overtime. As a result of the fiasco, team captains are now required to call the coin toss before the coin is tossed.
The 2010 Thanksgiving game between the Cowboys and the New Orleans Saints saw only the second attempted drop kick since the 1940s. Punter Mat McBriar (who, having played Australian rules football in his youth, was familiar with the maneuver) attempted a maneuver similar to a drop kick after a botched punt attempt, but the ball bounced several times before the kick and the sequence of events is officially recorded as a fumble, followed by an illegal kick, with the fumble being recovered by the New Orleans Saints 29 yards downfield from the spot of the kick. The Saints declined the illegal kick penalty.[4][5]
Home team controversy
While it has remained a tradition to keep the games in their host cities every season, in recent years NFL fans as well as other teams have wanted the Thanksgiving games rotated on an annual basis. The NFL adopted a compromise position in 2006 when it added the third game to NFL Network, rotated on an annual basis, while also allowing the Cowboys and Lions to keep their annual home games.
The issue once again came to a head in 2008, albeit solely focusing on the Lions, heading into that year's Thanksgiving games. Leading into the game, there was already some popular support (including from NFL.com columnist Nick Bakay[6] and ESPN personalities Mike Ditka, Mike Greenberg and Mike Golic[3]) for removing the Lions from the Thanksgiving game and replacing it with a game with more of a playoff impact, either through rotation like the night game or one that is flexibly scheduled. The Lions matchup was with the Tennessee Titans, whose undefeated season had come to an end in their regular Sunday game that week to the New York Jets, while the Lions were entering the game winless and, by the end of the season, had become the first NFL team to lose every game in a season since the 1976 Tampa Bay Buccaneers finished 0–14 in their expansion season. The team has also had three local blackouts heading into the game, the first non-sellouts for the team since 2001, and required an extension to sell out the Thanksgiving game in time for it to be televised locally.[7] Indeed, the Titans improved to 11–1 for the year by crushing the Lions 47–10, dropping the Lions to 0–12 and handing them their worst loss ever (measured by margin of loss, 37 points) on Thanksgiving.[8]
Following the 2008 season, NFL commissioner Roger Goodell confirmed that the Lions will be permitted to keep their Thanksgiving game for at least the 2009 season. Though league officials reserved the right to revisit the situation, this did not occur, and the Lions played on Thanksgiving as usual.[9] Lions president Tom Lewand claims that their game is not in jeopardy, the controversy is media-generated and that the owners have never seriously talked about removing them; however, this contradicts Goodell who stated that "it's come up a few times."[10] On March 23, 2009, the league owners officially kept the Lions on the Thanksgiving game with an announcement that the Lions would host the Green Bay Packers, one of their division rivals, on November 26.
If a change were to be made, under current television contracts with CBS and Fox (which expire after the 2013 season), the early game (with a 12:30 start time) would have to be hosted by a team in the Eastern Time Zone and in the United States (if it were to be moved back a half-hour, the Central Time Zone would also be eligible to host, but because of numerous issues including extended halftime shows, this is unlikely; the annual game in Toronto is also out of the running because the date of American Thanksgiving is not a holiday in Canada), and their opponent be of the opposite conference of the one playing the Cowboys (as it is today). Furthermore, such a move would leave the Dallas Cowboys as the only team to always play on Thanksgiving, and with the Cowboys being the league's biggest television draw,[11] there have been far fewer public calls to remove them. SI.com columnist Peter King had originally speculated during the controversy that when the current schedule rotation ends after 2009, both the Cowboys' and Lions' home Thanksgiving games will be reassessed by the league and possibly revoked-- the Lions' for their poor performance, and the Cowboys because of a perceived unfair home field advantage that requires the visiting team to both travel and prepare for a game only four days after their previous one.[12] This never materialized, and the 2010 NFL season featured no changes to the permanent hosting.
In 2010, the rotating host team was the New York Jets, who hosted the Cincinnati Bengals in the New Meadowlands Stadium, which the two New York teams share. The Jets and Bengals played on the NFL Network Thanksgiving evening. The traditional Thanksgiving Day participants - Detroit and Dallas - played in the afternoon. Detroit hosted the New England Patriots in the early game; Dallas hosted the defending Super Bowl champion New Orleans Saints in the late game.[13]
2011 will once again feature the defending Super Bowl champions playing on Thanksgiving - the Green Bay Packers will visit the Lions. The nightcap will also feature an AFC North team that is playing on Thanksgiving for the first time ever, as the Baltimore Ravens host the San Francisco 49ers, who will end a long Thanksgiving drought, having last appeared in 1972. In the first thanksgiving people kill each other simbolizing many war.
Game results
(Winning teams are denoted by boldface type; tie games are italicized.)
Pre-1920
- This is a partial listing of professional football games played on Thanksgiving Day between 1892 (the year the first known professional player debuted) and 1919 (the last season before the NFL's formation), featuring various teams from the Ohio League (1903-19), New York Pro Football League (early 1900s-1919), National Football League (1902), the western Pennsylvania professional circuit (1892-1903), the eastern Pennsylvania pro-am circuit (1897-1919), and various other independent teams active at the time. Please note that during this era it was not unusual for professional football teams to play against college football teams or amateur local teams, touchdowns were worth only four points until 1896 and five points from 1897 to 1912, and that Thanksgiving was celebrated on the last Thursday in November at the time.
Season Visiting Team Score Home Team Score Nov. 24, 1892 Lehigh Mountain Hawks 21 Pittsburgh Athletic Club 0 Allegheny Athletic Association 4 Cleveland Athletic Club 0 Nov. 30, 1893 Penn State Nittany Lions 12 Pittsburgh Athletic Club 0 Nov. 29, 1894 Penn State Nittany Lions - Pittsburgh Athletic Club - Altoona Athletic Club 4 Greensburg Athletic Association 6 Nov. 28, 1895 Beaver Falls Y.M.C.A - Greensburg Athletic Association - Duquesne Country and Athletic Club 10 Pittsburgh Athletic Club 6 Nov. 26, 1896 West Virginia Mountaineers 0 Pittsburgh Athletic Club 0 Greensburg Athletic Association 10 Latrobe Athletic Association 0 Washington & Jefferson Presidents 4 Duquesne Country and Athletic Club 0 Nov. 25, 1897 Greensburg Athletic Association 16 Pittsburgh Athletic Club 0 West Virginia Mountaineers 6 Latrobe Athletic Association 16 Washington & Jefferson Presidents 14 Duquesne Country and Athletic Club 0 Pennsylvania Railroad YMCA 0 Columbia Football Club 6 Nov. 24, 1898 Grove City, Pennsylvania 0 Greensburg Athletic Association 35 Latrobe Athletic Association 0 Pittsburgh Athletic Club 6 Washington & Jefferson Presidents 0 Duquesne Country and Athletic Club 11 Ormiston Athletic Association ? Pennsylvania Railroad YMCA Reserves ? Nov. 30, 1899 Indiana Normal School 0 Latrobe Athletic Association 35 Pennsylvania Railroad YMCA 12 Phoenix Athletic Association 5 Philadelphia & Reading YMCA 0 Frankford Yellow Jackets 28 Nov. 29, 1900 Homestead Library & Athletic Club 17 Latrobe Athletic Association 0 Nov. 28, 1901 Washington & Jefferson Presidents 0 Homestead Library & Athletic Club 42 Pennsylvania Railroad YMCA 18 Frankford Yellow Jackets 0 Nov. 27, 1902 Philadelphia Athletics 0 Pittsburgh Stars 0 Orange Athletic Club 0 Philadelphia Phillies 11 Oil City Athletic Club 10 Franklin Athletic Club 0 Nov. 26, 1903 Pennsylvania Railroad YMCA 0 Latrobe Athletic Association 6 Wooster College 0 Massillon Tigers 34 East End Athletic Association 0 Franklin Athletic Club 23 Nov. 27, 1904 Kittaning, Pennsylvania 0 Latrobe Athletic Association 53 Akron East Ends 5 Massillon Tigers 6 Nov. 30, 1905 Canton Athletic Club 4 Massillon Tigers 14 Nov. 29, 1906 Latrobe Athletic Association 0 Canton Bulldogs 16 Nov. 28, 1907 Columbus Panhandles 2 All-Massillons 4 Parkdale Athletic Association 5 Union Club of Phoenixville 0 Nov. 26, 1908 Parkdale Athletic Association 0 Union Club of Phoenixville 0 Nov. 25, 1909 Reliance Club of Conshohocken 0 Union Club of Phoenixville 6 Nov. 24, 1910 Wabash South Side Athletic Club 0 Fort Wayne Friars 25 Elyria Athletics 0 Tiffin Cornells 0 Columbus Panhandles 0 Dayton Oakwoods 0 Akron Indians 5 Shelby Blues 8 Minneapolis Beavers 0 Minneapolis Marines 8 Transfiguration Catholic Club 0 Corley Catholic Club 21 Reliance Club of Norristown 3 Union Club of Phoenixville 6 Nov. 30, 1911 Shelby Blues 6 Akron Tigers 0 Ann Arbor Independents 0 Detroit Heralds 10 Notre Dame Corby Hall 18 Fort Wayne Friars 0 USS Massachusetts 0 Union Club of Phoenixville 17 Nov. 28, 1912 Elyria Athletics 10 Akron Indians 0 All-Syracuse 0 Rochester Jeffersons 18 Cincinnati Christ Church 0 Cincinnati Celts 7 Notre Dame Corby Hall 18 Fort Wayne Friars 0 Frankford Yellow Jackets 0 Union Club of Phoenixville 47 Nov. 27, 1913 Shelby Blues 7 Akron Indians 7 Canton Professionals 7 Akron Indians 7 Detroit Heralds 0 Toledo Maroons 7 Notre Dame Corby Hall 33 Fort Wayne Friars 0 Dayton St. Mary's Cadets 26 Dayton Oakwoods 21 Cincinnati Christ Church 7 Cincinnati Celts 7 Nov. 26, 1914 Akron Indians 21 Canton Professionals 0 Brookdale Athletic Club 7 Union Club of Phoenixville 35 Conshohocken Athletic Club 33 Junior Athletic Club of Norristown 0 Nov. 25, 1915 Columbus Panhandles 0 Fort Wayne Friars 3 Cincinnati Christ Church Reds 0 Cincinnati Celts 13 Pine Village, Indiana 29 Purdue All-Stars 0 Frankford Yellow Jackets 0 Union Club of Phoenixville 21 Conshohocken Athletic Club 3 Norristown Billikens 2 Nov. 30, 1916 Youngstown Patricians 0 Massillon Tigers 27 Detroit Heralds 6 Cleveland Indians 20 Pitcairn Quakers 9 Dayton Triangles 20 Bethlehem Blue Stars 6 Union Club of Phoenixville 13 Norristown Billikens 3 Conshohocken Athletic Club 35 Nov. 29, 1917 Canton Bulldogs 7 Detroit Heralds 0 Camp Dix 309th Infantry 2 Buffalo All-Stars 0 Union Club of Phoenixville 13 Norristown Billikens 0 Nov. 28, 1918 Dayton Triangles 62 Miamis 0 Buffalo Pierce-Arrows 0 Buffalo Niagaras 20 U.S. Army Ambulance Corps 12 Lehigh Mountain Hawks 0 Nov. 27, 1919 Massillon Tigers 7 Cleveland Indians 0 Rochester Jeffersons 0 Buffalo Prospects 0 Thomas Athletic Club 3 Holmesburg Athletic Club 19 Ewing Athletic Association - Frankford Yellow Jackets - 1920–1959
- The first American Football League (AFL I) also played Thanksgiving Day games in 1926, while the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) did so between 1946 and 1949.
- Thanksgiving fell on the final Thursday in November until 1938. Thanksgiving games were played on the fourth Thursday in November from 1945 onward.
* Non NFL team games between league teams and non league teams counted in the 1920 standings. The All-Tonawanda Lumberjacks later joined the league as the Tonawanda Kardex, albeit only for one game.
1960–1969
- The American Football League (AFL) also played Thanksgiving Day games during this decade, and the Dallas Cowboys started playing their series in 1966.
1970–present
- From 1970 to 2005, three NFC teams played each Thanksgiving, as opposed to one AFC team. In 2006, Kansas City hosted a prime time Thanksgiving game. The game marked a new "Thanksgiving Tripleheader" tradition. The Denver/Kansas City game marked the first time more than two games were played on Thanksgiving (as well as the first all-AFC holiday matchup) since the AFL-NFL Merger in 1970.
- The two afternoon games are held at Detroit (12:30 p.m. EST) and Dallas (4:15 p.m. EST), respectively. Detroit always hosts the first game because a 12:30 p.m. EST kick-off at Dallas would be 11:30 a.m. local time (CST), and the NFL avoids starting games before noon locally. The two games rotate annually as intra-conference (NFC vs. NFC) and inter-conference (AFC vs. NFC) games. This is largely due to the format of the television contract with CBS and Fox. Since both Detroit and Dallas are NFC teams, in order for CBS to televise one of the games, one game must be against an AFC opponent. Inter-conference games of which the AFC team is away, are televised on CBS. For fairness between both networks and markets, the two games rotate annually between the two networks.
- The "early" game kicks off at a special time of 12:30 p.m. EST as opposed to the typical afternoon start time of 1 p.m. This provides an additional 30 minutes to prevent overlapping of the "late" game, and also gives both networks time for a pregame show and some additional time for a halftime concert. As a result, the network hosting the early game has to either start it at 11:30 a.m. (as Fox NFL Sunday does) or cut it to 30 minutes (as The NFL Today does; CBS carries parade coverage that does not end until noon). The network with the 4:15 game begins pregame coverage at 3:30 p.m.
- Since 2006, three contests have been played on Thanksgiving. In addition to the traditional Detroit and Dallas home afternoon games, a third game is now played in primetime and televised by NFL Network. This game has been played at Kansas City (2006), at Atlanta (2007), at Philadelphia (2008), and at Denver (2009). Current plans call for the various NFL teams (other than the Lions and Cowboys) to take turns hosting the night game on a rotation basis.
- Dallas was replaced by the St. Louis Cardinals as a host team in 1975 and 1977; Dallas and St. Louis faced each other in Dallas in 1976. Because of the long-established Kirkwood–Webster Groves high school football game that takes place on Thanksgiving in St. Louis, the Cardinals' hosting of the Thanksgiving game was not popular. Dallas returned to hosting the game in 1978 and has hosted ever since. Likewise, the St. Louis Rams have not played on Thanksgiving since moving to St. Louis, likely for the same reason.
- Since the NFL added the third game in 2006, the AFC North is the only division not to feature a team play on Thanksgiving. The division would have to play in the prime-time game, since it is currently locked out of the regular rotation with the Lions and Cowboys due to those teams playing against an NFC team in the years those teams play that division. To date, the last game to feature an AFC North team--then called the AFC Central--was the Lions matchup against the Pittsburgh Steelers in 1998 that is best remembered for the Jerome Bettis coin toss controversy. This will change for 2010, though, when the Cincinnati Bengals travel to play the New York Jets in the prime-time game.
Thanksgiving Day standings
Of current NFL franchises. This includes American Football League and All-America Football Conference games.
Team Last Game Wins Losses Ties Win Pct. Other names appeared under New Orleans Saints 2010 1 0 1.000 Miami Dolphins 2006 5 1 .833 Minnesota Vikings 2000 5 1 .833 Indianapolis Colts 2007 2 0 1 .833 Baltimore Colts (1953–83) Philadelphia Eagles 2008 4 1 .800 St. Louis Rams 1975 3 1 .750 Cleveland Rams (1937–45), Los Angeles Rams (1946–94) Tennessee Titans 2008 5 2 .714 Houston Oilers (1960–96), Tennessee Oilers (1997–98) San Francisco 49ers 1972 3 1 1 .700 Dallas Cowboys 2010 27 15 1 .640 San Diego Chargers 1969 2 1 1 .625 New York Giants 2009 7 4 3 .607 New York Jets 2010 4 3 .571 New York Titans (1960–62) Chicago Bears 2004 16 13 2 .548 Decatur Staleys (1920), Chicago Staleys (1921) New England Patriots 2010 2 2 .500 Atlanta Falcons 2007 1 1 .500 Oakland Raiders 2009 3 3 .500 Cleveland Browns 1989 3 3 .500 Kansas City Chiefs 2006 5 5 .500 Dallas Texans (1960–62), does not include 1-0 record of unrelated NFL Dallas Texans. Detroit Lions 2010 33 36 2 .479 Green Bay Packers 2009 13 18 2 .424 Buffalo Bills 1994 3 5 1 .389 Does not include 1-0 record of unrelated AAFC team of same name. Denver Broncos 2009 4 7 .364 Seattle Seahawks 2008 1 2 .333 Pittsburgh Steelers 1998 2 4 .333 Arizona Cardinals 2008 6 15 2 .304 Chicago Cardinals (1920–59), St. Louis Cardinals (1960–87), Phoenix Cardinals (1988–93) Washington Redskins 2002 1 6 .143 Cincinnati Bengals 2010 0 1 .000 Tampa Bay Buccaneers 2006 0 1 .000 Notable appearance droughts
The current active franchises that have never played on Thanksgiving through 2011 include:
- Carolina Panthers (1995 expansion team)
- Jacksonville Jaguars (1995 expansion team)
- Houston Texans (2002 expansion team)
An idiosyncracy in the NFL's current scheduling formula, which has been in effect since 2002 and revised in 2010, effectively prohibits any member of the AFC North from playing the Lions or Cowboys on Thanksgiving, which partially explains why the Cincinnati Bengals had not played on Thanksgiving in their history until 2010 and the Baltimore Ravens did not play until 2011. Conversely, the AFC East appears in back-to-back Thanksgiving games-- the first against the Lions, the next against the Cowboys. As far as it is known, this idiosyncrasy is unintentional. The East appears in years where the mod4 of the current year is a 2 (vs. Lions) or 3 (vs. Cowboys); the AFC South appears (always against the Lions) when that number is 0, and the AFC West appears (always against the Cowboys) when that number is 1 (the last of these is a helpful coincidence, since the league tries to schedule its teams in the two western time zones, three of which are in the AFC West, into as many late games as possible). Any AFC North Thanksgiving appearances would then have to come in the night game, which is how both the Bengals and the Ravens received their first ever Thanksgiving appearances.
Of the two AFC teams yet to play in the Thanksgiving Classic, Houston is slated to play in Detroit in 2012, while Jacksonville next plays in Detroit in 2016. This does not ensure they will be picked when these dates arrive, nor does it preclude Jacksonville from being picked for the night game on an earlier date.
San Diego, who has the longest active appearance drought as of 2011, has not played in a Thanksgiving game at all during their time in the NFL (all of their appearances came in the American Football League). This is partially because, from 2002 to 2009, they have been in the same subdivisional pairing as the Oakland Raiders (meaning they always play at Dallas in the same year), and the league's scheduling policy requires that the Raiders and San Francisco 49ers get priority on nationally televised games because they share the San Francisco Bay market. Due to a change implemented in 2010, the Chargers will no longer face this problem (but the Denver Broncos will), but San Diego will not travel to Dallas again until 2017[verification needed]. The Cleveland Browns have not appeared since the Cleveland Browns relocation controversy (due in part to being in the AFC North) and the Rams have not played since relocating to St. Louis (see "Dallas was replaced by the St. Louis Cardinals..." above).
Since the 2010 season, the NFL has made efforts to end the longest of the appearance droughts. The New Orleans Saints and Cincinnati Bengals had never played on Thanksgiving prior to 2010, but both played a Thanksgiving game in 2010. Similarly, the San Francisco 49ers had the second-longest appearance drought of any active team, while the Baltimore Ravens have never played on Thanksgiving, before the two teams were chosen to play in the 2011 Thanksgiving game. After 2011, there will be only three teams with Thanksgiving appearance droughts of longer than twenty years: San Diego, St. Louis, and Cleveland. The next-longest after them, the Buffalo Bills, last appeared in 1994.
Houston and St. Louis, however, have had previous franchises based in the city play the Thanksgiving game (Oilers and Cardinals respectively).
Thanksgiving Day records of defunct teams
- League teams only, since 1920.
Team Wins Losses Ties Win Pct. Other names appeared under Frankford Yellow Jackets 2 0 1.000 Defunct (1931) New York Yankees* 2 0 1.000 Defunct (1949) Pottsville Maroons 2 0 1.000 Defunct (1928) Boston Yanks 1 0 1.000 Defunct (1948) Buffalo Bills* 1 0 1.000 Defunct (1949), unrelated to current NFL team with this name Dallas Texans 1 0 1.000 Defunct (1952), does not count AFL's Dallas Texans, which are now the Kansas City Chiefs Los Angeles Buccaneers 1 0 1.000 Defunct (1926) Oorang Indians 1 0 1.000 Defunct (1923) Rock Island Independents 1 0 1.000 Defunct (1925) All-Tonawanda Lumberjacks 1 0 1.000 Defunct (1921) Akron Pros 3 1 1 .700 Defunct (1926) Buffalo Bisons 1 1 1 .500 Buffalo All-Americans (1920–23), Defunct (1929) Canton Bulldogs 1 1 1 .500 Defunct (1926) Cleveland Bulldogs 1 1 .500 Defunct (1927) Dayton Triangles 1 1 .500 Defunct (1929) Kansas City Cowboys 1 1 .500 Kansas City Blues (1924), Defunct (1926) Milwaukee Badgers 1 1 .500 Defunct (1926) Brooklyn Lions 0 1 .000 Defunct (1926) Chicago Tigers 0 1 .000 Defunct (1920) Detroit Heralds 0 1 .000 Defunct (1920) New York Yanks 0 1 .000 Defunct (1950) Providence Steam Roller 0 1 .000 Defunct (1931) Racine Legion 0 1 .000 Defunct (1926) Toledo Maroons 0 1 .000 Defunct (1923) Brooklyn Dodgers* 0 2 .000 Defunct (1949) Chicago Hornets* 0 2 .000 Chicago Rockets (1946-1948), Defunct (1949) Columbus Panhandles 0 2 .000 Defunct (1926) Detroit Panthers 0 2 .000 Defunct (1926) Hammond Pros 0 2 .000 Defunct (1926) Rochester Jeffersons 0 2 .000 Defunct (1925) Los Angeles Dons* 0 3 .000 Defunct (1949) *All-America Football Conference team.
Game MVPs
In 1989, John Madden of CBS awarded the first "Turkey Leg Award," for the game's most valuable player. It was an actual turkey. Reggie White of the Philadelphia Eagles was the first recipient. The gesture was seen mostly as a humorous gimmick relating to Madden's famous multi-legged turkey, cooked and delivered by Irving, TX restaurant owner Joe Pat Fieseler of Harvey's Barbecue (located less than a mile from Texas Stadium), served on Thanksgiving; Madden disavowed the dish in 2008. Since then, however, the award has gained subtle notoriety, and currently, each year at least one MVP has been chosen for both the CBS and Fox games. Madden brought the award to Fox in 1994, but it was abandoned and replaced with the "Galloping Gobbler" -- a running silver turkey wearing a football helmet—when Madden left for ABC in 2002. When CBS returned to the NFL in 1998, they introduced their own award, the "All-Iron Award", which is, suitably enough, a small silver iron, a reference to Phil Simms' All-Iron team for toughness. The All-Iron winner also receives a skillet of blackberry cobbler made by Simms' mother. (Simms actually began calling commentary for NBC in 1996, but did not introduce the All-Iron Award until he moved to CBS.) The NFL Network has given out the Pudding Pie Award for MVPs of the night game since 2007; the award is an actual pie. In 2009, the NFL Network gave Brandon Marshall a pumpkin pie rather than the chocolate pudding pie of the previous two years.
Because of the informal nature of the award, the awards can be given to multiple players. John Madden has done this five times (all on Fox), to as many as four players (in fact, for Fox's first Thanksgiving broadcast in 1994, Madden actually issued the Turkey Leg Award to players on both teams, the only time this has ever happened). Since Madden left Fox, the network's "Galloping Gobbler" has only been awarded to one player. Until 2007, CBS never issued the award to more than one player, but does occasionally issue a "group award" in addition to a single player award (the network has done so three times, Madden did it in 1992 and Simms did it in 2004 and 2007). In 2008, Simms stated it was "too close to call" and gave four players the award, and Simms would follow by selecting three players for the All-Iron Award in 2009.
Former Cowboys running back Emmitt Smith holds the record for most Thanksgiving MVPs, having won the award five times: 1990, 1992, 1994, 1996 and 2002. Former Green Bay Packers quarterback Brett Favre (1994, 2001, and 2007) and Cowboys quarterback Tony Romo (2006, 2007, and 2009) are tied for second with three each. Minnesota Vikings wide receiver Randy Moss and Cowboys linebacker DeMarcus Ware, each having won the award twice, are the only other players to have won a Thanksgiving MVP more than once.
NBC did not issue an MVP award for Thanksgiving games they aired prior to 1998, and does not hold rights to Thanksgiving games at this time.
Year MVP Team
OpponentMVP Team
OpponentMVP Team
OpponentNFC vs. Cowboys/Lions
Turkey Leg Award 1989–2001 (CBS/Fox)
Galloping Gobbler 2002–present (Fox)AFC vs. Cowboys/Lions
All-Iron Award
1998–present (CBS)Thanksgiving night game
Pudding Pie Award
2007-present (NFL Network)1989 Reggie White Philadelphia Eagles
Dallas CowboysNBC did not issue a game MVP
on Thanksgiving games they aired.Night games were not played until 2006. 1990 Troy Aikman
Emmitt SmithDallas Cowboys
Washington Redskins1991 Barry Sanders Detroit Lions
Chicago Bears1992 Emmitt Smith
Cowboys Offensive LineDallas Cowboys
New York Giants1993 Richard Dent Chicago Bears
Detroit Lions1994 Emmitt Smith
Jason Garrett
Sterling Sharpe
Brett FavreDallas Cowboys
Green Bay Packers1995 Herman Moore
Brett Perriman
Johnnie MortonDetroit Lions
Minnesota Vikings1996 Emmitt Smith Dallas Cowboys
Washington Redskins1997 Luther Ellis Detroit Lions
Chicago Bears1998 Randy Moss Minnesota Vikings
Dallas CowboysStephen Boyd Detroit Lions
Pittsburgh Steelers1999 Gus Frerotte
Greg Hill
Johnnie Morton
Robert PorcherDetroit Lions
Chicago BearsDexter Coakley Dallas Cowboys
Miami Dolphins2000 Robert Smith
Randy Moss
Daunte Culpepper
Cris CarterMinnesota Vikings
Dallas CowboysCharlie Batch Detroit Lions
New England Patriots2001 Ahman Green
Brett FavreGreen Bay Packers
Detroit LionsMike Anderson Denver Broncos
Dallas Cowboys2002 Emmitt Smith Dallas Cowboys
Washington RedskinsTroy Brown New England Patriots
Detroit Lions2003 Dré Bly Detroit Lions
Green Bay PackersJay Fiedler Miami Dolphins
Dallas Cowboys2004 Julius Jones Dallas Cowboys
Chicago BearsPeyton Manning
Colts Offensive LineIndianapolis Colts
Detroit Lions2005 Michael Vick Atlanta Falcons
Detroit LionsRon Dayne Denver Broncos
Dallas Cowboys2006 Tony Romo Dallas Cowboys
Tampa Bay BuccaneersJoey Harrington Miami Dolphins
Detroit Lions2007 Brett Favre Green Bay Packers
Detroit LionsTony Romo
Cowboys defense*Dallas Cowboys
New York JetsReggie Wayne Indianapolis Colts
Atlanta Falcons2008 DeMarcus Ware Dallas Cowboys
Seattle SeahawksAlbert Haynesworth
Chris Johnson
Kevin Mawae
LenDale WhiteTennessee Titans
Detroit LionsDonovan McNabb
Brian WestbrookPhiladelphia Eagles
Arizona Cardinals2009 Donald Driver Green Bay Packers
Detroit LionsMiles Austin
Tony Romo
Jason WittenDallas Cowboys
Oakland RaidersBrandon Marshall Denver Broncos
New York Giants2010 Drew Brees New Orleans Saints
Dallas CowboysTom Brady New England Patriots
Detroit LionsBrad Smith
Darrelle RevisNew York Jets
Cincinnati Bengals*Of the members of the 2007 Cowboys defense, Chris Canty, DeMarcus Ware, Terence Newman and Greg Ellis were particularly noted.
See also
- American football on Thanksgiving
- List of Thanksgiving Classic broadcasters
References
- ^ "The Origins of the Thanksgiving Day Tradition". Detroit Lions. http://www.detroitlions.com/team/history/thanksgiving-day-in-motor-city.html. Retrieved 2007-10-04.
- ^ See also: Pennsylvania Keystoners
- ^ a b Kulfan, Ted. Annual Lions game is roasted. The Detroit News. 25 November 2008
- ^ http://scores.espn.go.com/nfl/playbyplay?gameId=301125006&period=4
- ^ http://www.nfl.com/gamecenter/2010112501/2010/REG12/saints@cowboys/watch?module=HP_cp2#tab:analyze
- ^ Bakay, Nick (12 November 2008). "Manly House of Football: Another helping of Lions football for the holiday? No, thanks!". NFL.com. http://www.nfl.com/thanksgiving/story?id=09000d5d80c6de1b&template=with-video-with-comments&confirm=true.
- ^ Slevin, Peter (November 27, 2008). "In Detroit, Tradition Takes a Hike; Annual Thanksgiving Football Game Offers Little Joy for Troubled City". Washington Post: p. A1.
- ^ Lage, Larry (November 28, 2008). "Once-beaten Titans dominate winless Lions 47-10". Associated Press. http://www.themorningsun.com/articles/2008/11/28/sports/doc492f1bbc99e34289217519.prt.
- ^ Niyo, John (31 January 2009). "Turkey game safe ... for now". Detroit Free Press: p. C6.
- ^ Kowalski, Tom (22 March 2009). "Lions president says NFL will not take away team's Thanksgiving Day game". mlive.com. http://www.mlive.com/lions/index.ssf/2009/03/lions_president_says_nfl_will.html.
- ^ Horn, Barry (10 March 2009). "Networks vie for Dallas Cowboys' home opener". Dallas Morning News. http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/spt/football/cowboys/stories/031009dnspocowbriefs.3e449a8.html.
- ^ King, Peter (1 December 2008). "The best football writer of our time". si.com. http://si.printthis.clickability.com/pt/cpt?action=cpt&title=Dr.+Z+is+best+football+writer+of+our+time+-+Peter+King+-+SI.com&expire=-1&urlID=32774890&fb=Y&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2F2008%2Fwriters%2Fpeter_king%2F11%2F30%2Fweek13%2Findex.html&partnerID=2356.
- ^ "NFL Thanksgiving Day Football Schedule for 2010". Midwest Sports Fans. November 8, 2010. http://www.midwestsportsfans.com/2010/11/nfl-thanksgiving-day-football-schedule-2010-tv-tickets-lions-patriots-cowboys-saints-bengals-jets/.
- Defunct NFL franchises (for defunct years)
- 2003 NFL Record and Fact Book (ISBN 0-7611-3148-5) (for game results through 2002)
- Detroit Lions 2003, 2004 and 2005 game schedules (for game results 2003 to 2005)
- Dallas Cowboys 2003, 2004 and 2005 game schedules (for game results 2003 to 2005)
- Thanksgiving Day 2007 Games
External links
Categories:- Thanksgiving Classic
- History of the National Football League
- National Football League competitions
- American Football League
- Detroit Lions
- Dallas Cowboys
- Recurring events established in 1934
- Annual television programs
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