Mirzapur

This article is about the municipality in Uttar Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see Mirzapur district.

Mirzapur
—  city  —
[[file:Mirzapur from the atul skyline_caption = Mizrapur from the Ganges|250px|none|alt=|View of Mirzapur, India]]
Mirzapur Location of Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh and India
Coordinates	25°09′N 82°35′E / 25.15°N 82.58°E / 25.15; 82.58Coordinates: 25°09′N 82°35′E / 25.15°N 82.58°E / 25.15; 82.58
Country	India
State	Uttar Pradesh
Population	2,074,709 (2001[update])
Time zone	IST (UTC+05:30)
Area • Elevation	• 80 metres (260 ft)
Codes • Pincode • 231001 • Telephone • +5442 • Vehicle • UP-63

Mirzapur  pronunciation (help·info) (Hindi: मिर्ज़ापुर, Urdu: مرزا پور) is a city in the heart of North India, nearly 650 km between Delhi and Kolkata and also equidistant from Allahabad and Varanasi. Located in the state of Uttar Pradesh, Mirzapur has a population of a little over 205,264 (2001 census) and is renowned for its famous carpet and brassware industry. It is a city with several spots around it including many hills such as Rajdari, Devdari, Lakhaniyadari, and Windom fall range and Sirshi. It is the headquarter of Mirzapur District.

File:.India/SC Summary/SA Indian Standard Time

Indian Standard Time calculation

Indian Standard Time is calculated from the clock tower in Mirzapur which is nearly exactly on the reference longitude of Indian Standard Time at 82.5°, within 4 angular minutes, a property shared by Tuni, a town in Andhra Pradesh.^[1]

File:India/SC Summary/SA Indian Standard Time.jpg

History

Reports suggest that Mirzapur was a commercial city, being situated on the banks of the river Ganges. These reports are backed by the Naar Ghat, a carved stone with rates of toll taxes of Ashokan times inscribed on it. Most of the city was established by English officers, and so places are named after Englishmen like Wellesleyganj (Lord Wellesley), Mukeri Bazar (Lord Mercury), Dankeen Ganj (Mr. Danseen), and a famous waterfall of the city, Windham Water Fall (Mr. Windham). The Municipal Corporation building was also built by the English Government.

Some interesting petroglyphs in the sandstone of the Vindhya range are found in Morhana Paharin Mirzapur district. The depictions of chariots, horses, weapons and people in these works have given rise varied interpretations and findings by historians.

On the outskirts of the area, there is a patch of forest that contains ancient wall paintings, called Lakhania Dari and there are small rapids at the place. This has made it a popular picnic spot among residents of nearby cities. The forest area is still inhabited by some tribes. Possibly, ten tribes are still present in the region.

The indigenous ruler Saiyyad Shah Mirza was captured by the British government, and so the city was documented by the British as Mirzapur due to the name of its ruler. Some information about an ancient city near the local Kachhawa Bazar has also been found, but is awaiting concrete proof. Near the Kachhawa Bazar an ancient temple of lord Shiva in Larawak village. It is locally believed that this temple was built in Treta Yug during Ramawataar. This temple is so attractive in architecture point of view and all the design of stone is just like the Khajuraho. Now this temple is protected and supervised by Archeological survey of India (ASI). This temple gives a lot of information about the ancient life cycle of the human. This temple is located in the heart of the Larawak village.

According to local tradition Mirzapur was founded by Raja Nanner and was known as Girijapur, but after the British conquest it came to be known as Mirzapur. The earliest mention of the town is found in the writings of Tieffenthaler, who drew up his description of the country between 1760 and 1770. He mentioned it under the name of Mirzapur, especially as a great mart. In the records of Jonathan Duncan, who was a resident of Varanasi, frequent mention is made of the place as Mirzapur. Before 1 April 1989, Mirzapur was the largest district of India. Mirzapur is also a Naxalite hot spot.

As per some unofficial evidence the Mirzapur is first named as Gangayatan Ghat, but it was an oldest stairway of the Mirzapur however the Mirzapur was established by British Ruler and and its establishment was only to grownup the Business through river Ganga.

The Mirzapur is only place in the world where the Holy river Ganga meets with Vindhya Range. This is considered significant in Hindu Mythology and has a mention in Vedas.

Geography

Mirzapur is located at 25°09′N 82°35′E / 25.15°N 82.58°E / 25.15; 82.58.^[2] It has an average elevation of 80 metres (265 feet). The District of Mirzapur lies between the parallels of 23.52 & 25.32 North latitude and 82.7 and 83.33 East longitude. It forms a portion of the Varanasi Division. On the north and north-east it is bounded by the Varanasi district  ; on the south bounded by district Sonbhadra. On the north west by the district of Allahabad. The shape to the north and west is totally regular. In no direction, except for about 13 km. in the north east where he Ganges separates the Tehsil of Chunar from the district of Varanasi , has Mirzapur a natural frontier. According to Central Statistical organisation the district of Mirzapur had an area of 4521 km². At the census of 2001, the population of the district is 1657140 (males 1093849 and females 980860) of which 1788203 were living in rural and 286506 in the urban area of the district.^[3]

                                   Gorakhpur
                                       |
                                    Varanasi
                                       |
        Kanpur<----Allahabad <------MIRZAPUR------>Chandauli---->Bihar
                                        |
                                    Sonebhadra

Demographics

As of 2001^[update] India census,^[4] Mirzapur had a population of 205,264. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Mirzapur has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 69%, and female literacy is 54%. In Mirzapur, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Commerce

The main business in Mirzapur is carpet manufacturing. Manufacturers range from very small (with less than $100,000 in assets) to medium sized (with around $10M in assets). Most of the carpets are sold internationally as India has a limited market for carpets. The second main business is of metal pots.Metal Pots (brass).

Vindhyachal

A few miles away from this city is a site of pilgrimage to Hindus known as Vindhyachal where according to the mythology a part of Sati (an Avatar of Durga) fell. The river Ganges flows through this city. Other sites of pilgrimage include Kali Khoh (literally 'the cave of the Goddess Kali') where a statue of the Kali has a mouth formed in the shape of a cave, hence the name. Very close to the city is a waterfall.

The city itself has many Ghats (steps to a river). There are a few cinema-halls. At first look the city appears to be a confluence of town, village and city life. Power supply or is now regular up to some extent.

Education

School

• Daffodils Public School
• Jaycee Bal Mandir
• Sunita Bal Niketan
• St.Mary's School
• Shemford Mirzapur School
• Seth Dwarka Prasad Bajaj educational center
• Vindhyawasini Public School
• Lions School Mirzapur
• Tiny Tots School
• Adarsh Jain Bal Mandir

College

• Ghanshyam Binani Academy of Management Sciences
• K.B.P.G Collage, G D Binni P G Collage
• K.M Collage

Inter Collages

• MPMB Inter college
• Govt Inter College (Boys)
• Arya Kanya Inter College
• B L J Inter College
• Basant vidyalay Inter College
• Rajesthan Inter College

• Jyoti Prakash Pandey Vidya mandir vindhyapuri colony .
• Gurunanak Inter College Awas Vikas Colony.

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Foods & Drinks

Dal-Chawal & Bati Chokha is main food of this city, occasion

Culture of the city

A street in Mirzapur

1) Dress includes dhoti, kurta and toga (gamachhaa) on shoulders of men; the other side of this cultural coin shows the scented regional perfumes and earrings on women along with sarees, kara (bracelets), bangles, bajuband (arm bands), kakani, in hands and hasali (thick silver neck rings) on the neck, bichhiya (toe rings) on the toes, kanachadi in the ears put on kardhani (a knitted silver belt) in the waist.

2) Festivals of the city: jeevitputrika (jutiya), Ganges Deshahara, lalahi chattha, shardiya and vasantik navratra, ojhala ka mela (a fair at the Ojhla Bridge), lohandi ka mela (fair), the famous Vindhya Mahotsava, horaha gaderi ka mela, litti bati ka mela, and maa bhandari ka mela (various fairs at different places on different occasions).

3) Kajari Mahotsava: It is among the famous festivals of Mirzapur. Respected all over India, kajali took birth here. King Kantit 9Naresh's daughter Kajali loved her husband very much and sang songs in the moment of separation from her husband, although she could not meet her husband throughout her life and died, yet she remains alive through these deep sad-love songs. Her voice and songs impress Mirzapur locals very much, so they remember her through this festival paying homage to her.

4) Lohandi Mela: 2 km south of Mirzapur an old temple of Lord Hanuman is decorated with light (ghee ke deeye) on kartik purnima and every Saturday in the month of Saawan (Hindu month of rain in the middle of July–August), a big fair is arranged. The attraction is tattoo design.

5) Ojhala Mela: Ojhala is the current name of the Ujjvala River. A fair used to be arranged regularly here since 1920, which is a sign of bravery and the only place in India where betting is legal on the days of the fair. This has been discontinued since there is not enough water at the bridge for the various water sports that used to take place.

6) Vindhyavasini Jayanti Samaaroh: Started in 1971, this musical program is arranged by the Government where renowned Indian vocal and folk artists give real presentations and worship the goddess Vindhyavasini.

7) Deep Mahotsava: Celebrated on the day of Diwali, all the Ganges ghats are decorated with lights (ghee ke deeye); locals have immense pleasure celebrating this on kartik amavasya.

8) Jhoolanotsava: In the month of Saawan celebrated by locals during rain, this Jhoolanotsava is celebrated with swings in the branches of trees for five days. Shree Dwarkadheesh Temple, Ganga Jamuna Saraswati Temple and Kunj Bhawan are decorated.

9)Kantit Mela: Near Vindhyachal railways station, there is a Tomb of Hajrat KHWAJA ISMAIL CHISTI, Who was related with KHWAJA MOIN-U-DIN CHISTI - AJMER, RAJASTHAN. In month of RAJJAB(Islamic month)on date 6th KANTIT MELA celebrated by local & outsider people, This MELA is symbol of BHAICHARA,all religious people are celebrated with Joy & Happiness.

Chunar

About 32 km from Mirzapur is the famous fortress of Chunar.

There are some rock paintings in Mizapur district. Hasauli is the first ever nirmal village which was awarded by president A.P.J Abdul Kalam,and its also famous for its Handicrafts.

Chunar is fort of King Shivdautt . Before 7-8 kms from chunar railways station , there is a village Usarahawa on N H-7.

References

1. ^ India investigates different time zones (BBC)
2. ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Mirzapur
3. ^ Mirzaput at a glance
4. ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999. Retrieved 2008-11-01. 

External links

• An unofficial archeological survey report of Vindhyachal Division
• Mirzapur website by a Dutch
• Mirzapur City Official Website
• Weather in Mirzapur