Median eminence

Median eminence
Not to be confused with Medial eminence.
Brain: Median eminence
HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
Median eminence is 'ME', at bottom center, in light green.
Latin eminentia mediana hypothalami
NeuroNames hier-385
MeSH Median+eminence
NeuroLex ID birnlex_925

The median eminence is part of the inferior boundary for the hypothalamus part of the human brain. A small swelling on the tuber cinereum posterior to the infundibulum - atop the pituitary stalk - the median eminence lies in the area roughly bounded on its posterolateral region by the cerebral peduncles, and on its anterolateral region by the optic chiasm.

The median eminence is one of the seven areas of the brain devoid of a blood-brain barrier. It is sometimes considered one of the circumventricular organs.[1]

Physiology

The median eminence is a part of the hypothalamus from which regulatory hormones are released. It is of great physiological importance, as it is integral to the hypophyseal portal system, which connects the hypothalamus with the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Parvocellular neurons from the hypothalamus terminate in the median eminence of the hypothalamus. Specifically, it is in the median eminence that the secretions of the hypothalamus (releasing and inhibiting regulatory hormones, known as "hypophysiotropic hormones") collect before entering the portal system. Such hypophysiotropic hormones include: CRF (corticotropin releasing factor), GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone), TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone), GHRH (growth hormone releasing hormone), and DA (dopamine). These hypophysiotropic hormones go on to stimulate or inhibit the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary.

References

  1. ^ Scott DE, Pepe GJ (July 1987). "The fetal baboon median eminence as a circumventricular organ: I. Transmission electron microscopy". Brain Res. Bull. 19 (1): 87–94. doi:10.1016/0361-9230(87)90170-5. PMID 3651843. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0361-9230(87)90170-5. 

External links

v · d · eHuman brain: diencephalon (TA A14.1.08, GA 9.807)
Epithalamus
Surface
Thalamus
Surface
Stria medullaris of thalamus · Thalamic reticular nucleus · Taenia thalami

paired: AN · Ventral (VA/VL, VP/VPM/VPL) · Lateral (LD, LP, Pulvinar nuclei) · Metathalamus (MG, LG)

midline: MD · Intralaminar (Centromedian) · Midline nuclear group · Interthalamic adhesion
Hypothalamus
Surface
Autonomic zones
Anterior (parasympathetic/heat loss) · Posterior (sympathetic/heat conservation)
afferent (SN → Medial forebrain bundle) · efferent (Mammillothalamic fasciculus → AN, Stria terminalis → Amygdala, Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus → SC)
Posterior is diencephalon, but anterior is glandular
Subthalamus
Ventricular system:
Third ventricle

recesses: (Optic recess, Infundibular recess, Suprapineal recess, Pineal recess)

Hypothalamic sulcus · Tela chorioidea of third ventricle

Subfornical organ

Apertures: Interventricular/Monro

Posterior commissure

M: CNS

anat(n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp

noco(m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug(N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)



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