Dean Smith

Dean Smith
This article is about the basketball coach. For other uses, see Dean Smith (disambiguation).
Dean Smith
Dean Smith at a North Carolina game on February 10, 2007. Photo credit: Zeke Smith.
Sport(s) Basketball
Biographical details
Born February 28, 1931 (1931-02-28) (age 80)
Place of birth Emporia, Kansas
Playing career
1949–1953 Kansas
Coaching career (HC unless noted)
1955–1958
1958–1961
1961–1997
1976		 Air Force (asst.)
North Carolina (asst.)
North Carolina
Olympic Men's Basketball
Head coaching record
Overall 879-254 (.776)
Accomplishments and honors
Championships
Gold Medal Men's Basketball (1976 Summer Olympics)
NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championships: (1982, 1993)
Regional Championships - Final Four (1967, 1968, 1969, 1972, 1977, 1981, 1982, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1997)
ACC Tournament Championships
(1967, 1968, 1969, 1972, 1975, 1977, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1989, 1991, 1994, 1997)
ACC Regular Season Championships
(1967, 1968, 1969, 1971, 1972, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1993, 1995)
NIT Championship (1971)
Awards
National Coach of the Year
(1977, 1979, 1982, 1993)
ACC Coach of the Year
(1967, 1968, 1969, 1971, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1988, 1993)
North Carolina Sports Hall of Fame
(1981)
Kansas Sports Hall of Fame
(1996)
National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame
(2006) – inaugural class
Basketball Hall of Fame
(1983)
FIBA Hall of Fame
(2007) – inaugural class
Basketball Hall of Fame
Inducted in 1983
College Basketball Hall of Fame
Inducted in 2006

Dean Edwards Smith (born February 28, 1931) is a retired American head coach of men's college basketball. Originally from Emporia, Kansas, Smith has been called a “coaching legend” by the Basketball Hall of Fame. Smith is best known for his successful 36-year coaching tenure at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Smith coached from 1961 to 1997 and retired as the NCAA Division I men's basketball record-holder for victories (879), a record which was surpassed by Bob Knight in 2007 and Mike Krzyzewski in 2011. Smith has the 9th highest winning percentage of any men’s college basketball coach (77.6%).[1] During his tenure as head coach of North Carolina, the team won two national titles and appeared in 11 Final Fours.[2]

Smith is also known for running a clean program and having a high graduation rate for his players, with 96.6% of his athletes receiving their degrees.[3][4] While at North Carolina, Smith helped promote desegregation by recruiting the University’s first African American scholarship basketball player, Charlie Scott, and pushing for equal treatment for African Americans by local businesses.[5] Smith coached and worked with numerous individuals at North Carolina who went on to achieve notable success in basketball, as either players or coaches or both. Smith retired as head coach from North Carolina in 1997, saying that he was not able to give the team the same level of enthusiasm that he had given it for years. Since retirement, Smith has used his influence to help out in various charitable ventures and political activities.

Contents

Biography

Early years

Smith was born in Emporia, Kansas, on February 28, 1931.[6][7] Both of his parents were public school teachers.[6] Smith's father, Alfred, coached the Emporia High Spartans basketball team to the 1934 state title in Kansas.[6] This 1934 team was notable for having the first African-American basketball player in Kansas tournament history.[6] While at Topeka High School, Smith lettered in basketball all four years and was named all-state in basketball as a senior.[6][8] Smith's interest in sports was not limited only to basketball. Smith also played quarterback for his high school football team and catcher for the high school baseball team.[8]

College years

After graduating from high school, Smith attended the University of Kansas on an academic scholarship where he majored in mathematics and joined Phi Gamma Delta fraternity.[8][9] While at Kansas, Smith continued his interest in sports by playing varsity basketball, varsity baseball, and freshman football, and was a member of the Air Force ROTC detachment. During his time on the varsity basketball team, Kansas won the national championship in 1952 and were NCAA tournament finalists in 1953.[8][9] Smith's basketball coach during his time at Kansas was the legendary Forrest "Phog" Allen, who had been coached in college by the inventor of basketball James Naismith.[9] After graduation, Smith served as assistant coach at Kansas in the 1953–54 season.[10] He later stated that "everything I ever learned about basketball, I learned at the University of Kansas."[11]

Coaching career

Early years in basketball coaching

Smith next served a stint in the United States Air Force in Germany, later working as a head coach of United States Air Force Academy's baseball and golf teams.[10] Yet, Smith's big break would come in the United States. In 1958, North Carolina coach Frank McGuire asked Smith to join his staff as an assistant coach.[10] Smith served under McGuire for three years until 1961, when McGuire was forced to resign by Chancellor William Aycock in the wake of recruiting scandals.[10] Aycock asked Smith, then 30 years old, to become the new head coach to replace McGuire beginning in fall 1961.[10] Believing that McGuire had compromised UNC's image while building a basketball powerhouse, Aycock told Smith that wins and losses didn't matter as much as running a clean program and representing the university well.[12]

The Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) had canceled the Dixie Classic, an annual basketball tournament in Raleigh, North Carolina, due to a national point shaving scandal including one North Carolina player (Lou Brown).[13] As a result of the scandal, North Carolina de-emphasized basketball by cutting their regular-season schedule. In Smith's first season from 1961–62, North Carolina played only 17 games and went 8-9.[10][14] As it turned out, this would be the only losing season he would ever suffer. In 1965, he was famously hanged in effigy on the university campus following a disappointing loss to Wake Forest.[10] After that game, his team ended up winning nine of the last eleven games.[15] After a slow beginning, Smith turned the program into a consistent success. After the 1966 season, Smith's teams never finished worse than a tie for third in the ACC;[16] for the first 20 of those years, they didn't finish worse than a tie for second. By comparison, during that time the ACC's other charter members each finished last at least once.

His first major successes came in the late 1960s, when his teams won three consecutive regular-season and ACC tournament championships, and went to three straight Final Fours. Unfortunately, this run occurred in the middle of UCLA's run of 10 titles in 12 years; in fact Smith lost to UCLA's John Wooden in the 1968 title game.

It took Smith seven trips to the Final Four before winning his first national title, and then it took him nine more years to return, and two more to get another national championship.[17]

First National Championship
Michael Jordan and Dean Smith at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill game honoring the 1957 and 1982 men's basketball teams.

Dean Smith's first national championship occurred in 1982, when the team was composed of future NBA players such as Michael Jordan, James Worthy and Sam Perkins.[18] After winning the NCAA Tournament, North Carolina had a record of 32-2.[19] The other teams that advanced with North Carolina were Georgetown, Houston and Louisville. In the semi-finals, North Carolina defeated Houston 68-63 in New Orleans while Georgetown defeated Louisville with the score of 50-46.

The national title game against Georgetown was evenly matched throughout. However, with 17 seconds left on the clock, and the Tar Heels behind by 1 point, Jordan made what would end up being the game-winning shot to put the Tar Heels up by the score of 63-62. On Georgetown's ensuing possession Hoya guard Fred Brown mistakenly passed the ball to Worthy. Worthy attempted to dribble out the clock, but was fouled with two seconds remaining. Worthy missed both free throws, but Georgetown had no timeouts left. The Hoyas missed a halfcourt shot and lost the game.

Second National Championship

Dean Smith's 1993 squad featured George Lynch, Eric Montross, Brian Reese, Donald Williams and Derrick Phelps. The Tar Heels started out with an 8-0 record and were ranked #5 in the country when they met #6 Michigan in the semi-finals of the Rainbow Classic. The Wolverines, led by the Fab Five in their sophomore season, won 79-78 on a last-second shot. North Carolina bounced back with nine straight wins before losing back-to-back road games against unranked Wake Forest and #5 Duke. After seven more straight wins, the Tar Heels were ranked #1 heading into the last week of the regular season (their first #1 ranking since the start of the 1987-88 season). North Carolina beat #14 Wake Forest and #6 Duke to close out the regular season and clinch the top seed in the ACC tournament. North Carolina reached the tournament final, but they lost 77-75 to Georgia Tech without Derrick Phelps who was injured. Nonetheless, North Carolina was awarded the top seed in the East Regional of the NCAA Tournament, defeating #16-seed East Carolina (85-65), #8-seed Rhode Island (112-67), #4-seed Arkansas (80-74) and #2-seed Cincinnati (75-68) to reach the final four in New Orleans.

In the national semi-finals, Smith's Tar Heels defeated his alma mater Kansas (coached by future North Carolina coach Roy Williams) 78-68, setting up a rematch with #3-ranked Michigan in the finals.

The national title game was a see-saw battle throughout, but is remembered best for Chris Webber's time out call with seconds left when Michigan didn't have any. Michigan was assessed a technical foul and North Carolina ended up winning 77-71, giving Smith his second national championship.[20]

Retirement

Smith announced his retirement on October 9, 1997. He had said that if he ever felt he could not give his team the same enthusiasm he had given it for years, he would retire.[21] His announcement was a shock to the basketball community and fans, as he had given little warning that he was considering retirement. Smith had been the only coach many North Carolina fans had ever known. Bill Guthridge, his assistant for 30 years, succeeded him as head coach.

Even in retirement, some believe that Smith still has a large influence on the current North Carolina basketball program. For example, in 2003 Smith talked to Roy Williams regarding his decision about whether or not to replace a struggling Matt Doherty as head coach.[22] Williams had previously declined the head coaching position three years earlier when Guthridge retired.[23]

On July 12, 2010 journalist John Feinstein said that he had abandoned a biography of Smith because of Smith's deteriorating memory.[24]

Because of rumors, Smith's family released a letter on July 17, 2010, stating that Smith had "a progressive neurocognitive disorder", which has not been labelled as Alzheimer's or anything else. He has trouble remembering the names of some of his players, the letter said, but he cannot forget what his relationships with those players mean. He also remembers words to hymns and jazz standards, but does not go to concerts. He has difficulty with traveling but continues to watch his former team on TV. Williams said, "He does have his good days and bad."[25]

Coaching style

Smith-coached teams varied in style, depending on the players Smith had available. But they generally featured a fast-break style, a half-court offense that emphasized the passing game, and an aggressive trapping defense that produced turnovers and easy baskets. His teams always shot the ball well. From 1970 until his retirement, North Carolina shot over 50% from the floor all but four years.

Smith is credited with creating or popularizing the following basketball techniques: The "tired signal," in which a player would use a hand signal (originally a raised fist) to indicate that he needed to come out for a rest,[26][27] huddling at the free throw line before a foul shot,[26][27] encouraging players who scored a basket to point a finger at the teammate who passed them the ball, in honor of the passer's selflessness,[26][27] instituting a variety of defensive sets in one game,[26][28] having the point guard call out the defense set for the team,[26][28] and creating a number of defensive sets, including the point zone, the run-and-jump, and double-teaming the screen-and-roll.[8]

But strategically, Smith is most associated with his implementation of the four corners offense, a strategy for stalling with a lead near the end of the game. Smith's teams executed the four corners set so effectively that in 1985 the NCAA instituted a shot clock to speed up play and minimize ball-control offense.[8][29] Although fellow Kansas alum John McClendon actually invented the four corners offense, Smith is better known for utilizing it in games.[26] Smith is also the author of Basketball: Multiple Offense and Defense, which is the best-selling technical basketball book in history.[2]

Smith also instituted the practice of starting all his team's seniors on the last home game of the season ("Senior Day") as a way of honoring the contributions of the subs as well as the stars.[30] A story relates that in one season when the team included six seniors, he opted to put all six on the floor at the beginning of the game – drawing a technical foul – rather than leave one of them out.[31]

During the 1993 run for the national title, Coach Smith used a method that was introduced to him at a conference in Switzerland. At the conference, Smith was presented a tape by a lecturer who used doctored images to achieve his goal of losing weight. The photos showed this lecturer what he would look like if he were thinner, ultimately giving him the motivation to reach his weight-loss goals. Keeping this tactic in mind, Smith took a picture of the scoreboard from the 1982 Championship, modified it to read 1993 and erased the name Georgetown, leaving that space blank. He then proceeded to place copies of the new doctored photo in all of the players' lockers so they could look at it and achieve the goal that Smith wanted.[20]

Personal life

Smith married Ann Cleavinger in 1954, shortly before his deployment overseas with the Air Force. They had three children: daughters Sharon and Sandy, and son Scott. Smith and Cleavinger divorced in 1973. Smith married Linnea Weblemoe on May 21, 1976. They have two adult daughters, Kristen and Kelly.[32]

Accomplishments and recognition

Bust of Dean Smith at the Dean Smith Center. Photo credit: Rob Goldberg

Accomplishments

Among the accomplishments of Smith:

  • 879 wins in 36 years of coaching, 3rd most in men's college Division I basketball history behind Bob Knight and Mike Krzyzewski.[33] Adolph Rupp's 876 wins came after 41 years of coaching.[3] Smith compiled a 77.6% winning percentage while coaching 1,133 games at an average of 31.5 games a season. Rupp coached 1069 games in 41 years at an average of 26 games a season with an 82.2% winning percentage.
  • 77.6% winning percentage, which puts him 9th on highest winning percentage.[1]
  • Fourth total number of college games coached with 1,133.[1]
  • Most Division I 20-win seasons, with 27 consecutive 20-win seasons from 1970–1997[3] and 30 20-win seasons total.[1]
  • 22 seasons with at least 25 wins
  • 35 consecutive seasons with a 50% or better record.[3]
  • Two national championships (1982, 1993)
  • 11 Final Fours (tied with Duke's Coach K for second all-time to John Wooden's 12).[3]
  • 17 regular-season ACC titles, plus 33 straight years finishing in the conference's top three and 20 years in the top two
  • 13 ACC tournament titles
  • 27 NCAA tournament appearances, including 23 consecutive.[3]
  • 96.6% graduation rate among players.[3][4]
  • Recruited 26 All-Americans to play at North Carolina under him.[3]
  • His players were often successful in the NBA. Five of Smith's players have been Rookie of the Year in either the NBA or ABA. Among Smith's most successful players in the NBA are Michael Jordan, Larry Brown, James Worthy, Sam Perkins, Phil Ford, Bob McAdoo, Billy Cunningham, Kenny Smith, Walter Davis, Jerry Stackhouse, Antawn Jamison, Rick Fox, Vince Carter and Rasheed Wallace. Smith coached 25 NBA first round draft picks.[3] When Jordan was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame, he said, "There's no way you guys would have got a chance to see Michael Jordan play without Dean Smith."
  • In 1976, Smith coached the United States team to a gold medal at the Summer Olympics in Montreal.
  • Smith is one of only three coaches to have coached teams to an Olympic gold medal, an NIT championship and an NCAA championship.[3] The others are Pete Newell and Bob Knight.
  • At the time of his retirement, Smith was one of only three people, along with Bob Knight, and Joe B. Hall who had both played on and coached a winning NCAA championship basketball team.

Recognition

The Dean Smith Center, from the back.
The interior of the Dean Smith Center

Smith received a number of personal honors during his coaching career. He was named the National Coach of the Year four times (1977, 1979, 1982, 1993) and ACC Coach of the Year eight times (1967, 1968, 1969, 1971, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1988, 1993). Smith was also inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame on May 2, 1983, two years after being enshrined in the North Carolina Hall of Fame.

Smith was the first recipient of the Mentor Award for Lifetime Achievement, given by the University of North Carolina Committee on Teaching Awards for "a broader range of teaching beyond the classroom."[4] He has also been awarded honorary doctorates by Eastern University and Catawba College.[34]

The basketball arena at North Carolina, the Dean E. Smith Center, was named for Smith. It is also widely referred to as the "Dean Dome". In 1997, upon his retirement, Smith was named Sportsman of the Year by the magazine Sports Illustrated. ESPN named Smith one of the five all-time greatest American coaches of any sport. In 1998 he won the Arthur Ashe Courage Award, presented at the annual ESPY Awards hosted by ESPN.[35]

On November 17, 2006, Smith was recognized for his impact on college basketball as a member of the founding class of the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame. He was one of five, along with Oscar Robertson, Bill Russell, John Wooden and Dr. James Naismith, selected to represent the inaugural class.[36] In 2007, he was enshrined in the FIBA Hall of Fame.

Political activities

Smith is one of the most prominent Democrats in North Carolina politics. Politically, he is best known for promoting desegregation, a reflection of his roots in Kansas. In 1964, Smith joined a local pastor and a black North Carolina theology student to integrate The Pines, a Chapel Hill restaurant. He also integrated the Tar Heels basketball team by recruiting Charlie Scott as the university's first black scholarship athlete.[5] In 1965, Smith helped Howard Lee, a black graduate student at North Carolina, purchase a home in an all-white neighborhood.[8] He opposed the Vietnam War and, in the early 1980s, famously recorded radio spots to promote a freeze on nuclear weapons. He has been a prominent opponent of the death penalty. In 1998, he appeared at a clemency hearing for a death-row inmate and pointed at then-Governor Jim Hunt: "You're a murderer. And I'm a murderer. The death penalty makes us all murderers." As head coach, he periodically held North Carolina basketball practices in North Carolina prisons.[37]

While coach, he was recruited by some in the Democratic Party to run for the United States Senate against incumbent Jesse Helms. He declined. But in retirement, he has continued to speak out on issues such as the war in Iraq, death penalty and gay rights.[37][38] Although a staunch Democrat, Smith did support one of his former players, Republican Richard Vinroot, for governor of North Carolina in 2000.[39][40] In 2006, Smith became the spokesperson for Devout Democrats, an inter-faith, grassroots political action committee designed to convince religious Americans to vote for Democrats. Smith was featured in an ad that ran in newspapers across North Carolina and was featured in an Associated Press article.[41] On October 13, 2008, he endorsed Senator Barack Obama's candidacy for President of the United States.[42]

Coaching tree

One hallmark of Smith's tenure as coach was the concept of the "Carolina Family," the idea that anyone associated with the program was entitled to the support of others. Many of his former players and coaching staff became successful basketball coaches and executives, including:

Head coaching record

Season Team Overall Conference Standing Postseason
North Carolina Tar Heels (ACC) (1961–1997)
1961-1962 North Carolina 8-9 7-7 T-4th
1962-1963 North Carolina 15-6 10-4 3rd
1963-1964 North Carolina 12-12 6-8 5th
1964-1965 North Carolina 15-9 10-4 T-2nd
1965-1966 North Carolina 16-11 8-6 T-3rd
1966-1967 North Carolina 26-6 12-2 1st NCAA Final Four
1967-1968 North Carolina 28-4 12-2 1st NCAA Runner Up
1968-1969 North Carolina 27-5 12-2 1st NCAA Final Four
1969-1970 North Carolina 18-9 9-5 T-2nd NIT 1st Round
1970-1971 North Carolina 26-6 11-3 1st NIT Championship
1971-1972 North Carolina 26-5 9-3 1st NCAA Final Four
1972-1973 North Carolina 25-8 8-4 2nd NIT 3rd Place
1973-1974 North Carolina 22-6 9-3 T-2nd NIT 1st Round
1974-1975 North Carolina 23-8 8-4 T-2nd NCAA 2nd Round
1975-1976 North Carolina 25-4 11-1 1st NCAA 1st Round
1976-1977 North Carolina 28-5 9-3 1st NCAA Runner Up
1977-1978 North Carolina 23-8 9-3 1st NCAA 1st Round
1978-1979 North Carolina 23-6 9-3 1st NCAA 2nd Round
1979-1980 North Carolina 21-8 9-5 T-2nd NCAA 2nd Round
1980-1981 North Carolina 29-8 10-4 2nd NCAA Runner Up
1981-1982 North Carolina 32-2 12-2 T-1st NCAA National Championship
1982-1983 North Carolina 28-8 12-2 T-1st NCAA Elite 8
1983-1984 North Carolina 28-3 14-0 1st NCAA Sweet 16
1984-1985 North Carolina 27-9 9-5 T-1st NCAA Elite 8
1985-1986 North Carolina 28-6 10-4 3rd NCAA Sweet 16
1986-1987 North Carolina 32-4 14-0 1st NCAA Elite 8
1987-1988 North Carolina 27-7 11-3 1st NCAA Elite 8
1988-1989 North Carolina 29-8 9-5 T-2nd NCAA Sweet 16
1989-1990 North Carolina 21-13 8-6 T-3rd NCAA Sweet 16
1990-1991 North Carolina 29-6 10-4 2nd NCAA Final Four
1991-1992 North Carolina 23-10 9-7 3rd NCAA Sweet 16
1992-1993 North Carolina 34-4 14-2 1st NCAA National Championship
1993-1994 North Carolina 28-7 11-5 2nd NCAA 2nd Round
1994-1995 North Carolina 28-6 12-4 T-1st NCAA Final Four
1995-1996 North Carolina 21-11 10-6 3rd NCAA 2nd Round
1996-1997 North Carolina 28-7 11-5 2nd NCAA Final Four
North Carolina: 879-254 364-136
Total: 879-254

      National Champion         Conference Regular Season Champion         Conference Tournament Champion
      Conference Regular Season & Conference Tournament Champion       Conference Division Champion

See also

References

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  36. ^ "Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame to induct founding class". NABC. http://nabc.cstv.com/sports/m-baskbl/spec-rel/111806aaa.html. Retrieved 2006-11-20. 
  37. ^ a b Rick Reilly (2003-03-17). "A Man of Substance". Sports Illustrated. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/si_online/news/2003/03/18/life_of_reilly_0317/. Retrieved 2006-10-29. 
  38. ^ Bonnie DeSimone (2003-02-09). "Ex-coach takes on a higher cause North Carolina basketball legend Dean Smith is working to end the death penalty in his state". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on November 30, 2005. http://web.archive.org/web/20051130022545/http://pfadp.org/news/news/02-09-03.htm. Retrieved 2006-10-29. 
  39. ^ "Biography for Dean Smith (II)". IMDB. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0807912/bio. Retrieved 2006-10-29. 
  40. ^ Mark Wineka (2000-08-11). "Vinroot raises funds, stresses Republicans’ need for diversity". Salisbury Post. http://www.salisburypost.com/2000august/081100a.htm. Retrieved 2006-10-29. 
  41. ^ Associated Press (2006-10-06). "UNC's Dean Smith featured in ad for 'Devout Democrats'". News and Observer (Raleigh). http://www.newsobserver.com/636/story/495387.html. Retrieved 2006-10-29. [dead link]
  42. ^ Montopoli, Brian (2008-10-13). "Your Move, Krzyzewski: Dean Smith Backs Obama". Horserace (CBS News). http://www.cbsnews.com/blogs/2008/10/13/politics/horserace/entry4518079.shtml. Retrieved 2008-10-14. 

Further reading

  • Dean Smith, John Kilgo, Sally Jenkins: A Coach’s Life. My 40 years in college basketball. New York 2002, ISBN 0-375-75880-1
  • Dean Smith, Gerald D. Bell, John Kilgo, Roy Williams: The Carolina Way: Leadership Lessons from a Life in Coaching, ISBN 0-14-303464-2
  • Dean Smith: Basketball: Multiple Offense and Defense, ISBN 0-205-29119-8
  • David Scott: Quotable Dean Smith: Words of Insight, Inspiration, and Intense Preparation by and about Dean Smith, the Dean of College Basketball Coaches., ISBN 1-931249-27-X
  • Art Chansky: Dean's Domain: The Inside Story of Dean Smith and His College Basketball Empire, ISBN 1-56352-540-2
  • Art Chansky: The Dean's List: A Celebration of Tar Heel Basketball and Dean Smith, ISBN 0-446-52007-1
  • Ken Rosenthal Dean Smith: A Tribute, ISBN 1-58261-003-7

External links


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