Sammy Sosa

Infobox MLB player


caption=Sosa swinging at a pitch while with the Baltimore Orioles in 2005
width=200
name=Sammy Sosa
number=21
position=Right fielder
team=Free Agent
bats=Right
throws=Right
birthdate=birth date and age|1968|11|12
city-state|San Pedro de Macorís|Dominican Republic
debutdate=June 16
debutyear=1989
debutteam=Texas Rangers
statyear=2008
stat1label=Batting average
stat1value=.273
stat2label=Home runs
stat2value=609
stat3label=Runs batted in
stat3value=1667
teams=
*Texas Rangers (by|1989)
*Chicago White Sox (by|1990-by|1991)
*Chicago Cubs (by|1992-by|2004)
*Baltimore Orioles (by|2005)
*Texas Rangers (by|2007)

Samuel Peralta Sosa (born November 12, 1968 in San Pedro de Macorís, Dominican Republic) is a right fielder who is currently a free agent in Major League Baseball.

Sosa's Major League career began when he broke in with the Texas Rangers in by|1989. In the intervening years, he has played for the Chicago White Sox, Chicago Cubs and Baltimore Orioles. [http://www.baseball-reference.com/s/sosasa01.shtml Sammy Sosa career stats.] Baseball-reference.com. Accessed 2007-06-05.] He ended the by|2005 season with 588 career home runs, placing him fifth on the all-time home run list. After sitting out the by|2006 season, Sosa signed with the Rangers in a comeback attempt in early by|2007, and he made the team as a designated hitter. While playing for the Rangers on June 20, 2007, against the Cubs, his former team, Sosa hit his 600th home run, becoming the 5th player in professional baseball to achieve that mark. He is also the all-time home run leader among foreign-born Major League Baseball players.

Sosa's alleged involvement in the era of Major League Baseball's steroid scandal has harmed his reputation. The 2007 Mitchell Report did not name Sosa in its list of players identified in the course of the investigation, although Sosa was mentioned in a related affidavit by Federal Agent Jeff Novitzky dealing with the use of amphetamines. [See e.g. cite news|title=Missing From Mitchell Report, Sosa Is Included in Grimsley Affidavit|author=Duff Wilson and Michael S. Schmidt|date=December 21, 2007|publisher=New York Times|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/21/sports/baseball/21mitchell.html]

Sosa is known to family and friends as "Mikey". His maternal grandmother, who had suggested his birth name of Samuel, also came up with his nickname: " [She] heard the name on a soap opera she liked and decided from that moment on I would be Mikey." ["Sosa: An Autobiography", Sammy Sosa and Marcos Bretón, Time Warner, 2000, p.16]

Although his officially registered birthplace is San Pedro de Macorís, Sosa was actually born in Consuelo. San Pedro de Macorís was "the largest town nearby." Both Consuelo and San Pedro de Macorís are in San Pedro de Macorís Province. ["Sosa: An Autobiography", Sammy Sosa and Marcos Bretón, Time Warner, 2000, p.23.]

Major League career

Texas Rangers, Chicago White Sox (1989-1991)

Sosa made his major league debut on June 16, 1989, with the Texas Rangers, and he hit first career home run off Roger Clemens. Later in the season, the Rangers traded Sammy to the Chicago White Sox. He played two full seasons for the White Sox and was traded, along with pitcher Ken Patterson, to the Chicago Cubs for outfielder George Bell before the by|1992 season.

Chicago Cubs (1992-2004)

After years as a respected power/speed threat with a rocket arm in right field, he emerged during the by|1998 as one of baseball's greatest. It was in this season that both Sosa and Mark McGwire passed Roger Maris's single season home run mark of 61 home runs that had stood since by|1961. Sosa ended the season with 66, behind McGwire's 70. However, Sammy had become the first Major League batter ever to hit 65 homers in a season. Then, McGwire passed him late in the season to become the first ever to hit 70.Also in 1998, Sosa's 416 total bases were the most in a single season since Stan Musial's 429 in by|1948. Sosa's performance in the month of June, during which Sosa belted 20 home runs, knocked in 47 runs, and posted an .842 slugging percentage, was one of the greatest offensive outbursts in major league history. Sosa won the National League Most Valuable Player Award for leading the Cubs into the playoffs in 1998, earning every first-place vote except for the two cast by St. Louis writers, who voted for McGwire. He and McGwire shared "Sports Illustrated" magazine's 1998 "Sportsman of the Year" award. Sosa was honored with a ticker-tape parade in his honor in New York City, and he was invited to be a guest at US President Bill Clinton's 1999 State of the Union Address. 1998 was also the first time the Cubs made the post-season since 1989. The Cubs qualified as the NL Wild Card team, but were swept by the Atlanta Braves in the NLDS.

In the by|1999 season, Sosa hit 63 home runs, again trailing Mark McGwire who hit 65. In the by|2000 season, Sammy finally led the league by hitting 50 home runs.

In by|2001, he hit 64 home runs, becoming the first player to hit 60 home runs in three seasons in his career. However, he did not lead the league in any of those seasons; in 2001, he finished behind Barry Bonds, who hit 73 homers, breaking the single-season home run record set by McGwire in 1998 (70). In the same season he set personal records in runs scored (146), RBI (160), walks (116), on base percentage (.437), slugging percentage (.737), and batting average (.328). He led the majors in runs and RBI, was 2nd in home runs, 2nd in slugging percentage, 1st in total bases, 3rd in walks, 4th in on base percentage, 12th in batting average, and 15th in hits. He also surpassed his 1998 number in total bases, racking up 425. Sosa once again led the league in home runs with 49 in by|2002. Known as a free-swinger in his early years, and as a good strikeout candidate, Sammy became an effective hitter for average. He owns numerous team records for the Cubs, and he holds the major-league record for the most home runs hit in a month (20, in June 1998). In recognition of his accomplishments as a hitter, Sosa won the Silver Slugger award (an award for offensive output, voted on by managers and coaches) in by|1995 and in 1998 through 2002.

In by|2003, the Cubs won the National League Central Division title. The year was not all good news for Sosa, however. In May, he spent his first period on the disabled list since by|1996 after having an injured toenail removed. On June 3, 2003, Sosa was ejected from a Chicago Cubs-Tampa Bay Devil Rays game in the first inning when umpires discovered he had been using a corked bat. [ [http://espn.go.com/mlb/news/2003/0603/1562772.html Sosa ejected after cork is found in shattered bat.] (June 4, 2003) ESPN.com. Accessed 2007-06-05.] Major League Baseball confiscated and tested 76 of Sosa's other bats after his ejection; all were found to be clean, with no cork. Five bats he had sent to the Hall of Fame in past years were also tested, and were all clean as well. [ [http://espn.go.com/mlb/news/2003/0604/1563115.html Seventy-six Sosa bats found to be clean.] (June 5, 2003). ESPN.com. Accessed 2007-06-05.] Sosa stated that he had accidentally used the corked bat, which he claimed he only used during batting practice. But they soon interviewed the Cubs head coach, who said that any use of corked bats on his team is strictly prohibited. On June 6, Sosa was suspended for eight games. [ [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/us_sport/2970198.stm Sosa banned over bat.] (6 June, 2003) BBC Sport. Accessed 2007-06-05.] However, the suspension was reduced to seven games after appeal on June 11. [ [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/us_sport/2983350.stm Sosa has ban reduced.] (12 June, 2003) BBC Sport. Accessed 2007-06-05.] Sosa finished the season with 40 home runs, and he hit two more in the National League Championship Series against the Florida Marlins.

In May by|2004, Sosa suffered an odd injury while sitting next to his locker chatting with reporters before a game in San Diego's PETCO Park. He sneezed violently, causing severe back pain. He was diagnosed with back spasms and placed on the disabled list. Later, he fell into one of the worst slumps of his career, only snapping out of it during the last week of the season. He finished with 35 homers, far below his numbers of his best years.

Baltimore Orioles and year off (2005-2006)

The final straw for the Cubs seemed to be an incident in late 2004. Sosa requested to sit out the last game of the season, which was at home against the Atlanta Braves, and he left Wrigley Field early in the game. On January 28, 2005, the Cubs traded Sosa to the Baltimore Orioles in exchange for infielder/outfielder Jerry Hairston, Jr., infielder Mike Fontenot, and RHP Dave Crouthers. To facilitate the deal, Sosa and his agent agreed to waive the clause that guaranteed his 2006 salary, and the players' union indicated it would not object to that agreement. Under the deal, Sosa earned $17,875,000 for the 2005 season, with the Cubs paying $7 million of his salary. By playing for the 2005 Orioles alongside fellow 500-home-run batter Rafael Palmeiro, Sosa and Palmeiro became the first 500 home run club members in history to play together on the same team after reaching the 500 home run plateau (Hank Aaron reached 500 homers shortly after his teammate Eddie Matthews (512 homers) retired. Willie McCovey reached 500 shortly after his teammate Willie Mays had left the Giants).

Sosa finished the 2005 season batting .221 with 14 home runs, his worst performance since 1992, and continuing his post-2001 trend of declines in batting average, homers, total bases, and RBI. On December 7, 2005, the Orioles decided not to offer him an arbitration contract, effectively ending his Baltimore Orioles tenure and making him a free agent.

In 2005, "The Sporting News" published an update of their 1999 book "Baseball's 100 Greatest Players". Sosa did not make the original edition, but for the 2005 update, with his career totals considerably higher, he was ranked at Number 95. During a stretch of nine consecutive years, Sosa hit 35+ home runs and 100+ RBIs, all with the Chicago Cubs.

At the end of January 2006, the Washington Nationals offered Sosa two different minor-league offers, both of which he turned down. On February 15, 2006, Sosa's agent Adam Katz stated: "We're not going to put him on the retirement list. We decided that [not putting him on that list] was the best thing to do. But I can say, with reasonable certainty, that we've seen Sammy in a baseball uniform for the last time." [Jayson Stark (February 16, 2006). [http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=2332063 Sosa passes on Nats; likely to end career.] ESPN.com. Accessed 2007-06-05.]

During this year, Sosa accompanied President Fernandez of the Dominican Republic on several diplomatic trips including to the United States, Japan, and Taiwan.

Return to Texas and retirement (2007-2008)

The Texas Rangers, Sosa's original team, signed him to a minor league deal worth $500,000 on January 30, 2007. This was the same contract that Sosa turned down the previous year from the Nationals. The contract included an invitation to spring training, where Sosa competed for a spot in the lineup with Nelson Cruz, Jason Botts, and other rookies/prospects. [T. R. Sullivan (January 17, 2007). [http://texas.rangers.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/news/article.jsp?ymd=20070117&content_id=1780982&vkey=news_tex&fext=.jsp&c_id=tex Sosa, Rangers agree in principle to deal.] MLB.com. Accessed 2007-06-05.] Sosa was successful during spring training and was added to the team's 25-man roster. He started the 2007 season as the Rangers' designated hitter and occasional right fielder.

On April 26, 2007, Sosa made history by hitting a home run in his 45th major league ballpark. He has also homered in The Ballpark at Disney's Wide World of Sports, near Orlando, Florida, a usually minor-league park that had a regular season series between the Rangers and the Tampa Bay Devil Rays in May 2007.

On June 20, 2007, Sammy homered in the 5th inning on a pitch from Jason Marquis in an inter-league game against his old team, the Chicago Cubs. Sammy became only the fifth man in history, following Babe Ruth, Willie Mays, Hank Aaron, and Barry Bonds, to hit 600 regular season home runs.

The home run was the first one that Sosa had recorded against the Cubs, and as a result he has hit a home run against every active MLB team. Sosa is the Cubs all-time home run leader with 545 home runs with that team.

Sosa became a free agent after the season.

On May 28, by|2008, Sosa announced that he is planning to retire from Major League Baseball. Sosa also instructed his agent not to offer his services to any Major League team for the 2008 season. [cite web |url=http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=3415614|title=Sosa not pursuing MLB job, says he intends to retire in 2009|accessdate=2008-10-03 |work=ESPN.com|publisher= |date= ] 　He might play some games for a Dominican Republic national team.

tatistics

References

http://mlb.mlb.com/stats/historical/individual_stats_player.jsp?c_id=mlb&playerID=122544

ee also

* Afro-Latinos
* 30-30 club
* 50 home run club
* 500 home run club
* MLB players who have hit 30 or more home runs before the All-Star break
* Maris-McGwire-Sosa pair
* List of Major League Baseball Home Run Records
* Top 500 home run hitters of all time
* List of major league players with 2,000 hits
* List of Major League Baseball players with 1000 runs
* List of Major League Baseball players with 1000 RBI
* List of Major League Baseball RBI champions
* List of Major League Baseball home run champions
* List of Major League Baseball runs scored champions
* Major League Baseball hitters with three home runs in one game
* 1998 Major League Baseball home run record chase
* List of Baltimore Orioles Opening Day Starting Lineups

External links

*
* [http://www.latinosportslegends.com/sosa.htm Latino Sports Legends] - extended biography and photos
* [http://www.sammysosa.info/ sammysosa.info] fansite with baseball card images and information

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