Ulsan

Ulsan
Ulsan
울산
蔚山
—  Metropolitan City  —
Ulsan Metropolitan City
  transcription(s)
 – Hangul 울산광역시
 – Hanja 蔚山廣域市
 – Revised Romanization Ulsan-gwangyeoksi
 – McCune-Reischauer Ulsan-kwangyŏksi
From top left: Cityscape of Ulsan, Downtown Ulsan, Iaan Exodium towers, a beach at Ulsan, & Ulsan Station

Flag

Emblem of Ulsan
Map of South Korea with Ulsan highlighted
Country  South Korea
Region Yeongnam
Districts 4
Government
 – Mayor Bak Maeng-woo
Area
 – Total 1,056.4 km2 (407.9 sq mi)
Population (2008)
 – Total 1,126,879
 – Density 1,030/km2 (2,667.7/sq mi)
 – Dialect Gyeongsang
Flower Pear flower
Tree Ginkgo
Bird White heron
Website ulsan.go.kr (English)

Ulsan (Korean pronunciation: [ul.s͈an]), officially the Ulsan Metropolitan City, is South Korea's seventh largest metropolis with a population of over 1.1 million. It is located in the south-east of the country, neighboring Busan to the south and facing Gyeongju to the north and the Sea of Japan (East Sea) to the east.

Ulsan is the industrial powerhouse of South Korea, forming the heart of the Ulsan Industrial District, which is home to the world's largest automobile assembly plant operated by Hyundai Motor,[1] the world's largest shipyard operated by Hyundai Heavy Industries[2] and the world's largest oil refinery owned by SK Energy.[3] In 2008, Ulsan had a GDP per capita of $63,817, the highest by far in South Korea.[4]

Contents

Administrative divisions

Ulsan is divided into 4 gu (districts) and 1 gun (county).

Map Name Hangul Hanja

Ulsan BlankMap.png

Dong-gu
Ulju-gun
Gu (Districts)
Buk-gu 북구
Dong-gu 동구
Jung-gu 중구
Nam-gu 남구
Gun (County)
Ulju-gun 울주군

Geography

Ulsan is bounded on the east by the Sea of Japan (East Sea). It is not far from Busan, at only 70 km to the south.

Climate

Ulsan has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Koppen Cfa/Cwa), with somewhat cold but dry winters, and hot, humid summers. Monthly means range from 2.0 °C (35.6 °F) in January to 25.9 °C (78.6 °F) in August, with diurnal temperature ranges generally low. Its location on the Korean peninsula results in a seasonal lag, with the warmest days being in August and averaging very near 30 °C (86 °F). Precipitation is relatively low in the winter months, but is made up by the high rainfall falling from April to September.

Climate data for Ulsan (1981−2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 7.3
(45.1)
9.2
(48.6)
13.2
(55.8)
19.2
(66.6)
23.4
(74.1)
26.0
(78.8)
28.9
(84.0)
30.0
(86.0)
25.9
(78.6)
21.9
(71.4)
15.8
(60.4)
9.9
(49.8)
19.2
Daily mean °C (°F) 2.0
(35.6)
3.9
(39.0)
7.9
(46.2)
13.5
(56.3)
17.9
(64.2)
21.4
(70.5)
25.0
(77.0)
25.9
(78.6)
21.5
(70.7)
16.2
(61.2)
9.9
(49.8)
4.3
(39.7)
14.1
Average low °C (°F) −2.3
(27.9)
−0.7
(30.7)
3.2
(37.8)
8.2
(46.8)
12.8
(55.0)
17.3
(63.1)
21.8
(71.2)
22.7
(72.9)
17.9
(64.2)
11.5
(52.7)
5.1
(41.2)
−0.3
(31.5)
9.8
Precipitation mm (inches) 34.3
(1.35)
42.6
(1.677)
65.8
(2.591)
91.1
(3.587)
108.1
(4.256)
176.8
(6.961)
232.3
(9.146)
240.3
(9.461)
168.2
(6.622)
53.5
(2.106)
41.1
(1.618)
23.0
(0.906)
1,277.1
(50.28)
humidity 49.6 51.9 57.6 60.3 66.1 73.3 78.9 77.7 75.7 67.2 59.9 52.4 64.2
Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 5.3 6.3 8.1 8.4 9.2 10.0 13.5 12.1 10.3 5.7 5.1 3.9 97.9
Sunshine hours 190.7 176.4 187.5 207.2 215.4 172.7 151.5 167.3 150.0 193.7 182.0 194.6 2,188.8
Source: Korea Meteorological Administration [5]

Economy

A view of the Iaan Exodium twin skyscrapers on Taewha River.

As the center of the Ulsan Industrial District, the city is the corporate base of the multinational Hyundai conglomerate. Up to 1962, Ulsan operated as a fishing port and market centre. As part of South Korea's first five-year economic plan, Ulsan became an open port. Additionally, major industrial plants and factories were developed, including in particular an oil refinery, fertiliser plants, automobile production and heavy industries. The shipbuilding port Bangeojin became part of the city in 1962.

Ulsan is currently the home of the world's largest automobile assembly plant operated by Hyundai Motor,[1] the world's largest shipyard operated by Hyundai Heavy Industries[2] and the world's largest oil refinery owned by SK Energy.[3]

To feed the demands of a growing young population, a community of English teachers has sprouted up in Ulsan. These expats teach around Ulsan at various locations including, Samsan-dong, Kkotbawui, and Okdong. Ulsan Online is a valuable tool to reach this community.

Transportation

The city transport department plans to build a light-rail line and the public transportation system is as good as any other major Korean city. The bus system shows a particular ETA at most bus stops.[6] Ulsan Airport, constructed in 1970 and expanded in 1997, has more than 20 flights per day to and from Seoul's Gimpo International Airport and 4 flights per week to and from Jeju International Airport. In November 2010, Korea's high speed train network, the KTX, was extended to Ulsan.[7] This provides a high speed link to Seoul, with a running time of just over 2 hours. The new KTX station (Ulsan Station) is in nearby Eonyang, with a series of express buses (5001-5004) as well as some city buses serving the new station.[8] The original city station has been renamed Taehwa River Station.[7]

Sport

The city hosts the K-League football club Ulsan Hyundai FC, who, after the 2002 FIFA World Cup, relocated from their former stadium in Jung-gu, which is now a municipal ground, to the Munsu Stadium, which hosted several matches during the 2002 World Cup. Ulsan is home to another soccer team, Ulsan Hyundai Mipo Dockyard, which plays in the Korea National League. It is also home to the University of Ulsan.

Sister cities

City Region Country Year
Ahmedabad Seal of Gujarat.svg Gujarat  India 1965
Hagi  Yamaguchi Prefecture  Japan 1968
Hualien City Hualien County flag.png Hualien County  Taiwan 1981
Portland  Oregon  United States 1987
Changchun China Jilin  China 1994
İzmit Turkey Kocaeli Province  Turkey 1995
İzmir Turkey İzmir Province  Turkey 2002
Santos  São Paulo  Brazil 2002
Vietnam Khanh Hoa Province  Vietnam 2002
Tomsk  Tomsk Oblast  Russia 2003
Kumamoto City1  Kumamoto Prefecture  Japan 2010
Coat of Arms of Karagandy Province.svg Karagandy Province  Kazakhstan 2010

^1 Kumamoto City has a friendship agreement with Ulsan

Independent cities in South Korea

See also

References

External links

Coordinates: 35°33′N 129°19′E / 35.55°N 129.317°E / 35.55; 129.317


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