Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī

Abu abdallah Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Fazari^{[citation needed]} (d. 796 or 806) was a Muslim philosopher, mathematician and astronomer.^[1][2] He is not to be confused with his father Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī, also an astronomer and mathematician.

While some sources refer to him as an Arab,^[3][4][5][6] other sources state that he was a Persian.^[7][8][9]

Al-Fazārī translated many scientific books into Arabic and Persian.^[10] He is credited to have built the first astrolabe in the Islamic world.^[8]

Along with Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq and his father he helped translate the Indian astronomical text by Brahmagupta (fl. 7th century), the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta, into Arabic as Az-Zīj ‛alā Sinī al-‛Arab.,^[11] or the Sindhind. This translation was possibly the vehicle by means of which the Hindu numerals were transmitted from India to Islam.^[12]

See also

• Hindu and Buddhist contribution to science in medieval Islam
• List of Iranian scientists and scholars
• List of Arab scientists
• List of Iranian scientists
• zij

Notes

1. ^ * H. Suter: Die Mathematiker und Astronomen der Araber (p. 4, 1900).
2. ^ * Introduction to the History of Science by George Sarton – Page 524
3. ^ Scott L. Montgomery. Science in Translation: movements of knowledge through cultures and time. p. 81.
4. ^ Abramovich, Boris et al. History of Civilizations of Central Asia. pp. 177–178.
5. ^ Pingree, David (1970). The Fragments of the Works of Al-Fazari. Journal of Near Eastern Studies. Vol. 29, No. 2. pp. 103–123.
6. ^ Yaqut al-Hamawi. Irshad al-Arib Fi Ma'rifat al-Adib. Ed. D. S. Margoliouth. "E. J. W. Gibb Mem. Ser.," 6. Vol. 6. 2d ed. London, 1931.
7. ^ * The Root of Europe: studies in the diffusion of Greek culture by Ralph Westwood Moore, Michael Huxley – 1952 – Page 48
8. ^ ^{a b} * Richard N. Frye, The Golden Age of Persia, p. 163.
9. ^ * From Freedom to Freedom: African roots in American soils : selected readings – by Ervin Lewis, Mildred Bain
10. ^ * Glimpses of Islamic History and Culture by M. D. Zafar – 1987 – Page 331
11. ^ E. S. Kennedy, A Survey of Islamic Astronomical Tables, (Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series, 46, 2), Philadelphia, 1956, pp. 2, 7, 12 (zijes no. 2, 28, 71).
12. ^ * D. E. Smith and L. C. Karpinski: The Hindu-Arabic Numerals (Boston, 1911), p.92.).

External links

• Plofker, Kim (2007). "Fazārī: Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al‐Fazārī". In Thomas Hockey et al. The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. New York: Springer. pp. 362–3. ISBN 9780387310220. http://islamsci.mcgill.ca/RASI/BEA/Fazari_BEA.htm.  (PDF version)
• Pingree, David (2008) [1970–80]. "Al-Fazārī, Muḥammad Ibn Ibrāhīm". Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830901394.html. 
• Cantor: Geschichte der Mathematik (I, 3rd ed., 698, 1907).

Persondata
Name	Fazari, Muhammad Al
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth
Place of birth
Date of death
Place of death