AMD Fusion

AMD Fusion

Codename(s)	Fusion Desna Ontario Zacate Llano Hondo (cancelled) Wichita (cancelled) Krishna (cancelled) Trinity Weatherford Richland IGP Wrestler WinterPark BeaverCreek ATI/Radeon Driver related BTC[1] [2][3][4][5] Palm[1][6] [7][3][4][5][8] Sumo[1][2][7][6][3][4][5] Sumo2[1][3][4][5]
Created in year	2009
Entry-level cards	HD 6250 HD 6310 series
Mid-range cards	HD 6370D HD 6410D series(Desktop) HD 6380G HD 6480G series(Mobile)
High-end cards	HD 6530D HD 6550D series(Desktop) HD 6520G HD 6620G series(Mobile)
Direct3D support	Direct3D 11
OpenCL support	1.1
OpenGL support	4.0
Predecessor	Radeon HD 5xxx Series

AMD Fusion is the marketing name for a series of APUs by AMD. There are two flavors of Fusion currently available, one with its CPU logic based on the Bobcat core and the other its CPU logic based on the 10h core. In both cases the GPU logic is HD6xxx, which itself is based on the mobile variant of the Radeon HD 5xxx Series. Fusion was announced in 2006 and has been in development since then. The final design is the product of the merger between AMD and ATI, combining general processor execution as well as 3D geometry processing and other functions of modern GPUs (like GPGPU computation) into a single die.^[9] This technology was shown to the general public in January 2011 at CES. In the same year AMD introduced Bulldozer for Socket AM3+ and for the server market.

Roadmap

2011 platforms

Platform	Series	Codename	Status	Launch Date	Process	TDP	CPU cores	Radeon Shader	DirectX Version	OpenGL Version	OpenCL Version
Brazos	Z-series	Desna	Launched[10][11]	June 2011	40 nm Bulk	6 W	2 Bobcat cores	Evergreen 80	DirectX 11	OpenGL 4.1	OpenCL 1.1
	C-series G-series	Ontario	Launched	Q1 2011	40 nm Bulk	9 W	1-2 Bobcat cores	Evergreen 80
	E-series G-series	Zacate	Launched	Q1 2011	40 nm Bulk	18 W	1-2 Bobcat cores	Evergreen 80
Lynx (Desktop) Sabine (Mobile)	A8-series A6-series A4-series E2-series	Llano	Launched	June 2011	32 nm SOI	25 W-​100 W	2-4 K10 "Husky" cores	Evergreen 160-400

2012 platforms

Platform	Series	Codename	Status	Launch Date	Process	TDP	CPU cores	Radeon Shader	DirectX Version	OpenGL Version	OpenCL Version
Brazos-T	?	Hondo	In Development	H1 2012	40 nm Bulk	<4.5 W[12]	2 Bobcat cores	Evergreen	DirectX 11	OpenGL 4.1	OpenCL 1.1
Deccan	E2-series E-series C-series G-series	Krishna	In Development	H1 2012	28 nm Bulk	9 W	1-2 Enhanced Bobcat cores	Northern Islands
		Wichita	In Development	H1 2012	28 nm Bulk	20 W	2-4 Enhanced Bobcat cores	Northern Islands
Virgo (Desktop) Comal (Mobile)	A8-series A6-series A4-series	Trinity Weatherford Richland	In Development	H1 2012	32 nm SOI		2-4 Enhanced Bulldozer "Piledriver" cores	Northern Islands

2013 platforms

According to presentations revealed by technology website DonanımHaber,^[12] the successor to Hondo is codenamed Samara.

Processing power

Netbook with AMD Fusion C-50 - Acer Aspire One 522

The available memory bandwidth of single-controller DDR3-1066, which both the CPU and the GPU have to share, is comparable to the available memory bandwidth of stand-alone graphics cards:

• Bandwidth of single-controller DDR3-1066 interconnect bus
• Comparison of AMD graphics processing units
• Comparison of Nvidia graphics processing units
• Comparison of Intel graphics processing units

Comparison of CPU core power (using Prime95 Benchmark[13][14]) Platform CPU-Model	Frequency (per core) MHz	FFT Benchmark (FFT length 2048K) ms	FFT Benchmark (FFT length 4096K) ms	Trial Factoring Benchmark (factor length 65bit) ms
Intel Atom 330	1596	664.39	1399.43	46.63
Intel Atom D510	1664	585.91	1954.40	38.65
Intel Pentium III	1151	438.10	922.58	50.59
AMD Athlon	1054	457.40	774.49	56.08
AMD Fusion C-50	697	323.93	694.88	23.44
AMD Fusion E-350	1596	222.03	491.02	15.18
AMD Athlon XP 2000+	1640	201.21	448.28	32.80
Intel Pentium 4	3078	72.40	162.02	14.91
AMD Phenom II X4 965	3414	34.86	76.27	4.59
AMD Phenom II X6 1100T	3310	32.68	69.54	3.85
Intel Core i5-2500K	3330	23.94	53.24	3.49
Intel Core i7-2600K	3463	21.75	45.35	3.67

Current platforms

AMD Fusion Logo

Brazos (Ultra-portable)

AMD Ultrathin Platform was introduced on January 5, 2011, as the fourth AMD mobile platform targeting the ultra-portable notebook market. It features the 40 nm AMD Ontario (a 9-watt APU for netbooks and small form factor desktops and devices) and Zacate (an 18-watt TDP APU for ultrathin, mainstream, and value notebooks as well as desktops and all-in-ones) APUs. Both low-power APU versions feature two Bobcat x86 cores and fully supports DirectX11, DirectCompute (Microsoft programming interface for GPU computing) and OpenCL (cross-platform programming interface standard for multi-core x86 and accelerated GPU computing). Both also include UVD dedicated hardware acceleration for HD video including 1080p resolutions.^{[15][16][17][18]} This platform consists of:

AMD mobile	Initial platform
Mobile processor	Processors Single or Dual-core 64-bit processors codenamed Ontario, Zacate and with the followings: made on 40 nm CMOS process support for DDR3 1066 MHz memory 9 W or 18 W TDP Radeon HD 6xxx GPU on 40 nm process Cedar graphics core with 80 SP DirectX 11, OpenGL 4.0 and OpenCL 1.1 UNB/MC Bus interface no double-precision FP angle independent anisotropic filtering, UVD 3 Eyefinity capabilities, supporting up to 3 outputs
Mobile chipset	A50M (Hudson-M1)

Brazos IGP Overview
Model	Released	Code name	Fab (nm)	Core Clock (MHz)	Config core1	Fillrate		Shared Memory			GFLOPS	Combined TDP2 (W)		Notes
						Pixel (GP/s)	Texture (GT/s)	Bandwidth (GB/s)	Bus type	Bus width (bit)		Idle	Max.
Radeon HD 6250[19]	Nov 9, 2010[20]	Palm[1][3][4][5][8] , Sumo[1][2], Wrestler[21][N 1]	40	280[19]	80:8:4	1.12	2.24	8.525	DDR3-1066	64	44.8		9
Radeon HD 6290				500
Radeon HD 6310						2.0	4.0				80		18
Radeon HD 6320				500/508(?)-600					DDR3-1333

• ¹ Unified Shaders (Vertex shader/Geometry shader/Pixel shader) : Texture mapping unit : Render Output unit
• ² TDP specified for AMD reference designs, includes CPU power consumption. Actual TDP of retail products may vary.

1. ^ used in C-30 (1.2 GHz) and C-50 (1.0 GHz) APU, paired with Hudson-M1 SB, socket FT1 (BGA-413)

"Ontario" (40 nm)

• All models support: SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4a, NX bit, AMD64, PowerNow!, AMD-V
• Memory support: DDR3 SDRAM, DDR3L SDRAM (Single-channel, up to 1066 MHz)
• Config GPU are Unified Shaders (Vertex shader/Geometry shader/Pixel shader) : Texture mapping unit : Render Output unit

Model Number	Step.	CPU						GPU			Memory Support	UMI	TDP	Socket	Released	Part Number
		Cores	Freq.	Turbo	L2 Cache	Multi	Voltage	Model	Config	Freq.
C-30	B0	1	1.2 GHz	N/A	512 KB	12×	1.25 - 1.35	HD 6250	80:8:4	276 MHz	DDR3-1066	2.5 GT/s	9 W	Socket FT1 (BGA-413)	January 4, 2011	CMC30AFPB12GT
C-50		2	1.0 GHz		2 × 512 KB	10×	1.05 - 1.35			277 MHz						CMC50AFPB22GT
C-60				1.33 GHz				HD 6290		276–400 MHz					August 22, 2011

"Zacate" (40 nm)

• All models support: SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4a, NX bit, AMD64, PowerNow!, AMD-V
• All models use the BGA-413 CPU socket
• All models support single-channel DDR3 SDRAM, DDR3L SDRAM
• Config GPU are Unified Shaders (Vertex shader/Geometry shader/Pixel shader) : Texture mapping unit : Render Output unit

Model Number	Step.	CPU						GPU			Memory Support	UMI	TDP	Socket	Released	Part Number
		Cores	Freq.	Turbo	L2 Cache	Multi	Voltage	Model	Config	Freq.
E-240	B0	1	1.5 GHz	N/A	512 KB	15×	1.175 - 1.35	HD 6310	80:8:4	500 MHz	DDR3-1066	2.5 GT/s	18 W	Socket FT1 (BGA-413)	January 4, 2011	EME240GBB12GT
E-300		2	1.3 GHz		2 × 512 KB	13×				488 MHz					August 22, 2011
E-350	B0		1.6 GHz			16×	1.25 - 1.35			492 MHz					January 4, 2011	EME350GBB22GT
E-450			1.65 GHz			16.5×		HD 6320		508–600 MHz	DDR3-1333				August 22, 2011

"Desna" (40 nm)

• All models support: SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4a, NX bit, AMD64, PowerNow!, AMD-V
• Memory support: DDR3 SDRAM, DDR3L SDRAM (Single-channel, up to 1066 MHz)
• Config GPU are Unified Shaders (Vertex shader/Geometry shader/Pixel shader) : Texture mapping unit : Render Output unit

Model Number	Step.	CPU						GPU			Memory Support	UMI	TDP	Socket	Released	Part Number
		Cores	Freq.	Turbo	L2 Cache	Multi	Voltage	Model	Config	Freq.
Z-01	B0	2	1.0 GHz	N/A	2 x 512 KB	10×		HD 6250	80:8:4	276 MHz	DDR3-1066	2.5 GT/s	5.9 W	Socket FT1 (BGA-413)	June 1, 2011

Lynx (Desktop)

• All models support: MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4a, Enhanced 3DNow!, NX bit, AMD64, Cool'n'Quiet, AMD-V, Turbo Core (AMD equivalent of Intel Turbo Boost)
• Memory support: DDR3 SDRAM-1866 (up to PC3-15000)
• All models support DirectX 11, OpenGL 4.0 and OpenCL 1.1
• All models feature the UNB/MC Bus interface
• All models do not feature double-precision GPU FP
• All models feature Angle independent anisotropic filtering, UVD3, & Eyefinity capabilities, supporting up to 3 outputs.

Lynx IGP Overview
Model	Released	Code name	Fab (nm)	Core Clock (MHz)	Config core1	Fillrate		Shared Memory			GFLOPS	Combined TDP2 (W)		Notes
						Pixel (GP/s)	Texture (GT/s)	Bandwidth (GB/s)	Bus type	Bus width (bit)		Idle	Max.
Radeon HD 6370D	4th quarter 2011	WinterPark, Sumo2[1][2]	32	443	160:8:4	1.77	3.54	25.6	DDR3-1600	128	142		65
Radeon HD 6410D	Jun 20, 2011[20]	WinterPark, Sumo2[1][2]	32	600	160:8:4	2.4	4.8	29.9	DDR3-1866	128	192		65
Radeon HD 6530D	Jun 20, 2011[20]	BeaverCreek	32	443	320:16:8	3.54	7.08	29.9	DDR3-1866	128	284		65-100
Radeon HD 6550D				600	400:20:8	4.8	12				480

• ¹ Unified Shaders (Vertex shader/Geometry shader/Pixel shader) : Texture mapping unit : Render Output unit
• ² TDP specified for AMD reference designs, includes CPU power consumption. Actual TDP of retail products may vary.

"Llano" (32 nm)

• All models feature upgraded Stars (Mobile Phenom II architecture) ^[22] CPU cores (Husky) with no L3 cache, and with Evergreen family graphics, specifically Redwood-class integrated graphics on die (WinterPark for the dual-core variants and BeaverCreek for the quad-core variants).
• All models are manufactured on GlobalFoundries' 32 nm SOI process.
• All Lynx desktop models support up to 4 DIMMs of DDR3-1866 memory and Sabine mobile models support up to 2 DIMMs of DDR3-1333 / DDR3-1600 dual-channel memory.
• All models feature UVD3 for hardware video decoding, including 120 Hz stereoscopic 3D support.^[23]
• All models have an integrated PCIe 2.0 controller.
• Select models support AMD's Turbo Core technology for faster CPU operation when the thermal specification permits.
• Select models support Hybrid Graphics technology to assist a discrete Radeon HD 6450, 6550, or 6570 discrete graphics card. This is similar to the Hybrid CrossFireX technology.

Model Number	Step.	CPU						GPU			Memory Support	UMI	TDP	Socket	Release Date	Price at introduction2	Part Number(s)
		Cores	Freq.	Turbo	L2-Cache	Multi	Voltage	Model	Config1	Freq.
E2-3200	B0	2	2.4 GHz	N/A	2 × 512 KB	24x	0.9125 - 1.4125	HD 6370D	160:8:4	443 MHz	DDR3-1600	5 GT/s	65 W	Socket FM1	4th quarter 2011		ED3200OJZ22GX ED3200OJGXBOX
A4-3300			2.5 GHz	N/A	2 × 512 KB	25x		HD 6410D		443 MHz			65 W		September 7, 2011	64$	AD3300OJZ22GX AD3300OJGXBOX
A4-3400			2.7 GHz	N/A		27x				600 MHz			65 W		September 7, 2011	69$	AD3400OJZ22GX AD3400OJGXBOX
A6-3500		3	2.1 GHz	2.4 GHz	3 × 1 MB	21x		HD 6530D	320:16:8	443 MHz	DDR3-1866		65 W		August 17, 2011	89$	AD3500OJZ33GX AD3500OJGXBOX
A6-3600		4	2.1 GHz	2.4 GHz	4 × 1 MB	21x				443 MHz			65 W		August 8 2011	109$	AD3600OJZ43GX AD3600OJGXBOX
A6-3650			2.6 GHz	N/A		26x				443 MHz			100 W		June 30, 2011	115$	AD3650WNZ43GX AD3650WNGXBOX
A8-3800			2.4 GHz	2.7 GHz		24x		HD 6550D	400:20:8	600 MHz			65 W		August 8 2011	129$	AD3800OJZ43GX AD3800OJGXBOX
A8-3850			2.9 GHz	N/A		29x				600 MHz			100 W		June 30, 2011	135$	AD3850WNZ43GX AD3850WNGXBOX
A8-3870K			3.0 GHz	N/A		30x				600 MHz			100 W		4th quarter 2011

• ¹ Unified Shaders (Vertex shader/Geometry shader/Pixel shader) : Texture mapping unit : Render Output unit
• ² Per 1000 units

Sabine (Mobile)

• All models support: SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4a, Enhanced 3DNow!, NX bit, AMD64, PowerNow!, AMD-V
• All models support 1.35 V DDR3L-1333 memory, in addition to regular 1.5 V DDR3 memory specified.
• mobile platform
• All models support DirectX 11, OpenGL 4.0 and OpenCL 1.1
• All models feature the UNB/MC Bus interface
• All models do not feature double-precision FP
• All models feature Angle independent anisotropic filtering, UVD3, & Eyefinity capabilities, supporting up to 3 outputs.
• ¹ Unified Shaders (Vertex shader/Geometry shader/Pixel shader) : Texture mapping unit : Render Output unit
• ² TDP specified for AMD reference designs, includes CPU power consumption. Actual TDP of retail products may vary.

Sabine IGP Overview
Model	Released	Code name	Fab	Core Clock (MHz)	Config core1	Fillrate		Shared Memory			GFLOPS	Combined TDP2 (W)		Notes
						Pixel (GP/s)	Texture (GT/s)	Bandwidth (GB/s)	Bus type	Bus width		Idle	Max.
Radeon HD 6380G	June 14, 2011	WinterPark	32 nm	400	160:8:4	1.6	3.2	17.06	DDR3-1333	128-bit	128		35
Radeon HD 6480G		BeaverCreek		444	240:12:4	1.77	3.55	17.06	DDR3-1333		213.1		35-45
Radeon HD 6520G				400	320:16:8	3.2	6.4	17.06	DDR3-1333		256		35-45
Radeon HD 6620G				444	400:20:8	3.55	8.88	25.6	DDR3-1600		355.2		35-45

• ¹ Unified Shaders (Vertex shader/Geometry shader/Pixel shader) : Texture mapping unit : Render Output unit
• ² TDP specified for AMD reference designs, includes CPU power consumption. Actual TDP of retail products may vary.

"Llano" (32 nm)

Model Number	Step.	CPU						GPU			Memory Support	UMI	TDP	Socket	Release Date	Part Number(s)
		Cores	Freq.	Turbo	L2-Cache	Multi	Voltage	Model	Config1	Freq.
E2-3000M	B0	2	1.8 GHz	2.4 GHz	2 × 512 KB	18x	0.9125 - 1.4125	HD 6380G	160:8:4	400 MHz	DDR3-1333	2.5 GT/s	35 W	Socket FS1	June 14, 2011	EM3000DDX22GX
A4-3300M			1.9 GHz	2.5 GHz	2 × 1 MB	19x		HD 6480G	240:12:4	444 MHz			35 W			AM3300DDX23GX
A4-3310MX			2.1 GHz	2.5 GHz		21x		HD 6480G	240:12:4	444 MHz			45 W			AM3310HLX23GX
A6-3400M		4	1.4 GHz	2.3 GHz	4 × 1 MB	14x		HD 6520G	320:16:8	400 MHz			35 W			AM3400DDX43GX
A8-3500M			1.5 GHz	2.4 GHz		15x		HD 6620G	400:20:8	444 MHz			35 W			AM3500DDX43GX
A6-3410MX			1.6 GHz	2.3 GHz		16x		HD 6520G	320:16:8	400 MHz	DDR3-1600		45 W			AM3410HLX43GX
A8-3510MX			1.8 GHz	2.5 GHz		18x		HD 6620G	400:20:8	444 MHz			45 W			AM3510HLX43GX
A8-3530MX			1.9 GHz	2.6 GHz		19x		HD 6620G	400:20:8	444 MHz			45 W			AM3530HLX43GX

• ¹ Unified Shaders (Vertex shader/Geometry shader/Pixel shader) : Texture mapping unit : Render Output unit
• Hidden APU info found in an AMD System Monitor (v1.0.0.2) config file,^[24] showing graphics segment model numbers with core/mem clocks; no other APU info available (model, cores, clocks, etc.). HD 6480M may be current model name for older G prefix from the file, thus the G clock info may be applicable.

Future platforms

• AMD's Financial Analyst Day 2010 revealed a new generation of Fusion APUs for 2012.^[25] Further details for the 2012 Fusion line was released in late-May 2011, by technology website DonanımHaber.^[26]

2012: Piledriver

• Piledriver is the codename for the new core design (Enhanced-Bulldozer based) that will replace the Husky (Stars based) cores in the A- and E2-series (Llano).
• Like Llano, Piledriver based APUs will be manufactured on the 32 nm SOI process.
• Comal is the mobile platform codename for the Piledriver based APU line. It is to replace the Sabine mobile platform.
• Virgo is the desktop platform codename for the Piledriver based APU line. It is to replace the Lynx desktop platform.
• The chipset series for both Sabine and Lynx will be carried over to Comal and Virgo respectively.
• The processor package for the mobile variant will be revised from FS1 uPGA package to FS1r2 uPGA package.
• The desktop variant will be equipped with Radeon 7000 GPU, 2nd generation Bulldozer core, DDR3-2133 memory controller.
• The processor socket format for the desktop variant will be revised from Socket FM1 to Socket FM2.

"Trinity" (32 nm), "Weatherford" (32 nm), and "Richland" (32 nm)

Piledriver based APUs will be divided into three main versions for specific price-points and markets:

• Trinity covers the performance segment of the APU line. It will replace the Llano based A8-series.
• Weatherford covers the upper-mainstream segment. Replacing the Llano based A6-series.
• Richland covers the lower-mainstream segment. It is to replace the Llano based A4-series.

2012: Deccan and Brazos-T

• Deccan is the codename for the Enhanced-Bobcat based platform. It is to replace Brazos platform.
• Processors for Deccan are to be manufactured on the 28 nm bulk process.
• The chipset series for Deccan is Yuba.
• For tablets, the power optimised Brazos T (Bobcat-based) will replace Brazos (AMD Z-01) platform.
• The tablet variant chipset is Hudson A55T FCH.
• Processors for Brazos-T are to be manufactured on the 40 nm process.^[27]
• The processor package will be revised from FT1 BGA package to FT2 BGA package. While for tablets, the processor package remains as FT1 BGA.

"Krishna" (28 nm), "Wichita" (28 nm), and "Hondo" (40 nm) (Cancelled) ^[28]

• For the Budget desktop and notebook markets (18 W TDP), Krishna was scheduled to replace the Zacate based E-series. It was expected to be available in 2 to 4-core variants.
• For the Low-power/netbook markets (9 W TDP), Wichita was scheduled to replace the Ontario based C-series. It was expected to be available with 1 to 2 core versions.
• For the Tablet market (<4.5 W TDP), Hondo was scheduled replace the Desna based Z-series.^[29] It was also expected to be available with 1 to 2 core versions. AMD had scheduled Hondo to begin sampling in December 2011, and start production in Q2, 2012.^[12] Hondo is a low power re-architectured variant of Desna. It would have been still manufactured under the 40nm process by TSMC.^[30]

2013: Steamroller

• Steamroller is the codename for the new core design (Next-Generation Bulldozer based) that will replace the Piledriver cores in the A-series line.^[31][32]
• Indus is the mobile platform codename for the Steamroller based APU line. It is to replace the Comal mobile platform.
• The chipset for Indus will be codenamed Bolton.
• The processor package for the mobile variant will be revised from FS1r2 uPGA package to FS2 uPGA package.

Kaveri

Steamroller based APUs will be divided into versions for specific price-points and markets:

• Kaveri APU covers the A8-, A6-, A4-, and E2-series of the 3rd generation Fusion APUs.

2013: Kerala and Samara

• Kerala is the codename for the Jaguar cores based platform. It is to replace the Enhanced-Bobcat cores based Deccan platform.
• The chipset for this platform is codenamed Yangtze.
• Samara is the codename for the Jaguar cores based tablet platform. It is to replace Brazos-T platform.
• The chipset for this tablet platform is codenamed Salton.
• The processor package will be remain as FT2 BGA package.

"Kabini" and "Samara"

• For the Budget desktop and notebook markets (18 W TDP), Kabini will replace the Krishna based E-series.
• For the Low-power/netbook markets (9 W TDP), Kabini will also replace the Wichita based C-series.
• For the Tablet market, Samara (codename also used for platform), will replace the Hondo based Z-series.

Competition

The direct competitor of the Intel Atom processor line is the AMD Fusion C- and E-series. The C-series (C-30: single core, C-50: dual cores) has a TDP (9 W) similar to the Atom, the higher clocked E-series (E-240: single core, E-350: dual core) comes with a TDP of 18 Watts what corresponds more to an Atom including a dedicated GPU (e.g. ION2, ATI 5430). The processors include a single or dual core 64-bit CPU with out-of-order execution, DDR3 memory controller and an 80-core Radeon GPU. The performance for games is significantly better for the E-series - up to 326.5% better, although neither of the platforms is well suited for gaming.^[33]

Mainboard System RAM sharing memory

Bios >> IGX Configuration >> UMA Frame Buffer Size Frame buffer size is the total amount of system memory allocated solely for the onboard graphics con- roller. MS-DOS, for example, will use only this memory for display. Options are: Auto (default), 256MB, 512MB, 1024 MB. ^[34]

See also

• List of AMD Fusion microprocessors
• List of AMD mobile microprocessors
• AMD mobile platform
• AMD Bulldozer
• Unified Video Decoder
• Radeon

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} "firmware-linux-nonfree". packages.debian.org Radeon HD drivers. debian.org. http://packages.debian.org/sid/firmware-linux-nonfree. Retrieved 1 August 2011. 
2. ^ ^{a b c d e} McGill, Yancy Dr.. "AMD A-Series APUs Arrive - Llano". Mobile Cloud Computing Concepts -what-is-AMD-Llano. Houston Cloud Providers and Custom Builders, Inc. http://clear-cloud.com/what_is_amd_llano.html. Retrieved 1 August 2011. 
3. ^ ^{a b c d e} "Radeon Driver Fusion (Palm)". gentoo-wiki. de.gentoo-wiki.com. http://de.gentoo-wiki.com/wiki/Radeon. Retrieved 1 August 2011. 
4. ^ ^{a b c d e} "Radeon Driver Fusion (PALM)". help.ubuntu.com. ubuntu.com. https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RadeonDriver. Retrieved 1 August 2011. 
5. ^ ^{a b c d e} "radeon-firmware". ATI R600/R700/Evergreen/Fusion Firmware. rpmfind.net. http://www.rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/mandriva/devel/cooker/ppc/media/non-free/release/radeon-firmware-20110310-1.noarch.html. Retrieved 1 August 2011. 
6. ^ ^{a b} Larabel, Michael. "Open-Source AMD Fusion Driver For Ontario Released". www.phoronix.com. http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=amd_ontario_open&num=1. Retrieved 1 August 2011. 
7. ^ ^{a b} Larabel, Michael. "Open-Source AMD Fusion E-350 Support Takes A Dive". www.phoronix.com. http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=OTE5OA. Retrieved 1 August 2011. 
8. ^ ^{a b} Add Ontario fusion APU pci ids, http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/driver/xf86-video-ati/commit/?id=0659f35dfbeda7dd3ff58da1deb6484fabadc332 
9. ^ ATI chipsets already include GPU
10. ^ http://androidcommunity.com/amd-roadmap-leaked-desna-tablets-detailed-20110527/
11. ^ http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2386272,00.asp
12. ^ ^{a b c} [1]
13. ^ mersenne.org MPrime benchmark reports
14. ^ sili.net list of MPrime benchmarks
15. ^ http://blogs.amd.com/fusion/2010/09/06/direct-from-berlin-and-ifa-2010-guten-tag-kleine-fusion/
16. ^ A closer look at AMD's Brazos platform
17. ^ The AMD Fusion™ Family of APUs
18. ^ AMD Fusion APU Era Begins
19. ^ ^{a b} "Zacate CPU and Platform Details", AMD's Low Power Fusion APU: Zacate Unveiled, HotHardware, 9 November 2010, p. 2, http://hothardware.com/Reviews/AMDs-Low-Power-Fusion-APU--Zacate-Unveiled/?page=2 
20. ^ ^{a b c} AMD Begins to Ship Ontario and Zacate Application Processing Units for Revenue, Xbitlabs, 9 November 2010, http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/mobile/display/20101109093733_AMD_Begins_to_Ship_Ontario_and_Zacate_Application_Processing_Units_for_Revenue.html 
21. ^ Ontario/Zacate (Bobcat-Based APUs) And Beta Drivers
22. ^ http://www.tomshardware.co.uk/a8-3500m-llano-apu,review-32207.html
23. ^ http://www.hardwarecanucks.com/forum/hardware-canucks-reviews/45050-amd-a6-3650-llano-apu-review-5.html
24. ^ http://pro-clockers.com/industryreviews/1895-upcoming-amd-apu-crossfire-a-990fx-info-hidden-in-plain-sight.html
25. ^ AMD begins shipping Brazos, announces Bulldozer-based APUs, [2] pdf
26. ^ [3]
27. ^ http://www.donanimhaber.com/islemci/haberleri/Ozel-Haber-AMDnin-2012-icin-hazirladigi-tablet-odakli-Hondo-islemci-ailesinin-detaylari.htm
28. ^ http://semiaccurate.com/2011/11/15/exclusive-amd-kills-wichita-and-krishna/
29. ^ [4]
30. ^ http://www.donanimhaber.com/islemci/haberleri/Ozel-Haber-AMDnin-2012-icin-hazirladigi-tablet-odakli-Hondo-islemci-ailesinin-detaylari.htm
31. ^ http://prohardver.hu/hir/amd_hosszutavu_mobil_utiterv.html
32. ^ http://www.xtremehardware.it/news/hardware/nuove-roadmap-amd-sulle-future-apu-in-programma-nel-2012-e-nel-2013-per-il-mercato-mobile-201109215761/
33. ^ "Low-Power Gaming: AMD's E-350 Vs. Intel Atom D525 And Ion 2". Tom's Hardware. 14 April 2011. http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/amd-e-350-atom-d525-nvidia-ion-2,2905.html. Retrieved 14 April 2011. 
34. ^ ftp://download.gigabyte.ru/manual/mb_manual_ga-a75n-usb3_e.pdf

External links

AMD

• AMD Fusion Family official website
• AMD Notebook CPU/APU Roadmap 2011-2012
• AMD Desktop CPU/APU Roadmap 2011-2012

Media

• AMD Announces "Fusion" CPU/GPU Program, DailyTech.com
• AMD's vision for next few years, DigiTimes.com
• AMD's Purchase of ATI Closes, and Fusion Begins, TechReport.com
• AMD Fusion in Laptops - News and Info, Laptoping.com

Benchmarks

• AMD Fusion E-350 and C-50 vs Intel Atom, X-bit labs
• AMD Fusion A8, A6 and A4 vs Intel Core i3 and Pentium, X-bit labs