Freud in Vienna in 1906 . The two men met for the first time the following year , and Jung recalled the discussion between himself and Freud as interminable . They talked , he remembered , for thirteen hours , virtually without stopping '.[ 23 ] Six months later , the then 50 -year -old Freud sent a collection of his latest published essays to Jung in Zurich which marked the beginning of an intense correspondence and collaboration that lasted six years and ended in May 1910 . At this time Jung resigned as the chairman of the International Psychoanalytical Association where he had been elected with Freud 's support .
Jung 's and Freud 's theories have diverged . Nevertheless , they influenced each other during the intellectually formative years of Jung 's life . As Freud was already fifty years old at their meeting , he was well beyond the formative years . In 1906 psychology as a science was still in its early stages . Jung , who had become interested in psychiatry as a student by reading Psychopathia Sexualis by Richard von Krafft -Ebing professor in Vienna , now worked as a doctor under the psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in Burghölzli and became familiar with Freud 's idea of the unconscious through Freud 's The Interpretation of Dreams 1900 ) and was a proponent of the new "psycho -analysis ." At the time , Freud needed collaborators and pupils to validate and spread his ideas . Burghölzli was a renowned psychiatric clinic in Zurich at which Jung was a young doctor whose research had already given him international recognition .
1908 , Jung became an editor of the newly founded Yearbook for Psychoanalytical and Psychopathological Research .The following year , Jung traveled with Freud and Sándor Ferenczi to the U .S . to spread the news of psychoanalysis and in 1910 , Jung became Chairman for Life of the International Psychoanalytical Association While Jung worked on his Wandlungen und Symbole der Libido (Psychology of the Unconscious ),tensions grew between Freud and Jung , mostly due to their disagreements over the nature of libido and religion [clarification needed . In 1912 these tensions came to a peak because Jung felt severely slighted after Freud visited his colleague Ludwig Binswanger in Kreuzlingen without paying him a visit in nearby Zurich , an incident Jung referred to as "the Kreuzlingen gesture ." Shortly thereafter , Jung again traveled to the United States and gave the Fordham lectures ,which were published as The Theory of Psychoanalysis .While they contain some remarks on Jung 's dissenting view on the nature of libido , they represent largely a "psychoanalytical Jung " and not the theory Jung became famous for in the following decades .
November 1912 , Jung and Freud met in Munich for a meeting among prominent colleagues to discuss psychoanalytical journals .[ 24 ] At a talk about a new psychoanalytic essay on Amenhotep IV , Jung expressed his views on how it related to actual conflicts in the psychoanalytic movement While Jung spoke , Freud suddenly fainted and Jung carried him to a couch .
and Freud personally met for the last time in September 1913 for the Fourth International Psychoanalytical Congress ,also in Munich . Jung gave a talk on psychological types , the introverted and the extraverted type , in analytical psychology This constituted the introduction of some of the key concepts which came to distinguish Jung 's work from Freud 's in the next half century .
the following years Jung experienced considerable isolation in his professional life , exacerbated through World War I His Seven Sermons to the Dead 1917 ) reprinted in his autobiography Memories , Dreams , Reflections see bibliography ) can also be read as expression of the psychological conflicts which beset Jung around the age of forty after the break with Freud .
s primary disagreement with Freud stemmed from their differing concepts of the unconscious .[citation needed Jung saw Freud 's theory of the unconscious as incomplete and unnecessarily negative . According to Jung (though not according to Freud ), Freud conceived the unconscious solely as a repository of repressed emotions and desires . Jung agreed with Freud 's model of the unconscious , what Jung called the "personal unconscious but he also proposed the existence of a second , far deeper form of the unconscious underlying the personal one . This was the collective unconscious where the archetypes themselves resided , represented in mythology by a lake or other body of water , and in some cases a jug or other container . Freud had actually mentioned a collective level of psychic functioning but saw it primarily as an appendix to the rest of the psyche .
s first trip outside of Europe was the 1909 conference at Clark University The event was planned by psychologist G . Stanley Hall and included twenty -seven distinguished psychiatrists , neurologists and psychologists . It represented a watershed in the acceptance of psychoanalysis in North America . This forged welcome links between Jung and influential Americans .[ 25 ] Jung returned to the United States the next year for a brief visit , and again for a six -week lecture series at Fordham University in 1912 . He made a more extensive trip westward in the winter of 1924 –5 , financed and organized by Fowler McCormick and George Porter . Of particular value to Jung was a visit with chieftain Mountain Lake at the Taos Pueblo near Taos , New Mexico [ 26 ]
spoke at meetings of the Psycho -Medical Society in London in 1913 and 1914 . His travels were soon interrupted by the war , but his ideas continued to receive attention in England primarily through the efforts of Constance Long . She translated and published the first English volume of his collected writings [ 27 ] and arranged for him to give a seminar in Cornwall in 1920 . Another seminar was held in 1923 , this one organized by Helton Godwin Baynes (known as Peter ), and another in 1925 .[ 26 ]
October 1925 , Jung embarked on his most ambitious expedition , the "Bugishu Psychological Expedition " to East Africa . He was accompanied by Peter Baynes and an American associate , George Beckwith . On the voyage to Africa , they became acquainted with an English woman named Ruth Bailey , who joined their safari a few weeks later . The group traveled through Kenya and Uganda to the slopes of Mount Elgon where Jung hoped to increase his understanding of "primitive psychology " through conversations with the culturally isolated residents of that area . Later he concluded that the major insights he had gleaned , had to do with himself and the European psychology in which he had been raised .[ 28 ]
made another trip to America in 1936 , giving lectures in New York and New England for his growing group of American followers . He returned in 1937 to deliver the Terry Lectures , Psychology and Religion at Yale University In December 1937 , Jung left Zurich again for an extensive tour of India with Fowler McCormick . In India , he felt himself "under the direct influence of a foreign culture " for the first time . In Africa , his conversations had been strictly limited by the language barrier , but in India he was able to converse extensively . Hindu philosophy became an important element in his understanding of the role of symbolism and the life of the unconscious . Unfortunately , Jung became seriously ill on this trip and endured two weeks of delirium in a Calcutta hospital . After 1938 , his travels were confined to Europe .[ 29 ]
views
laws , wanting improvements , making things easier , has all become wrong and evil . May each one seek out his own way , the way leads to mutual love in community . Men will come to see and feel the similarity and communality of their ways .
Carl Jung in The Red Book [ 30 ]
stressed the importance of individual rights in a person 's relation to the state and society . He saw that the state was treated as "a quasi -animate personality from whom everything is expected " but that this personality was "only camouflage for those individuals who know how to manipulate it ",[ 31 ] and referred to the state as a form of slavery .[ 32 ] [ 33 ] [ 34 ] [ 35 ] He also thought that the state "swallowed up [people 's ] religious forces ",[ 36 ] and therefore that the state had "taken the place of God "—making it comparable to a religion in which "state slavery is a form of worship ".[ 34 ] Jung observed that "stage acts of [the ] state " are comparable to religious displays: "Brass bands , flags , banners , parades and monster demonstrations are no different in principle from ecclesiastical processions , cannonades and fire to scare off demons ".[ 37 ] From Jung 's perspective , this replacement of God with the state in a mass society led to the dislocation of the religious drive and resulted in the same fanaticism of the church -states of the Dark Ages —wherein the more the state is 'worshiped ', the more freedom and morality are suppressed ;[ 38 ] this ultimately leaves the individual psychically undeveloped with extreme feelings of marginalization .[ 39 ]
article: Carl Jung publications
was a prolific writer . His collected works fill 19 volumes . Many of his works were not translated into English until after his death . His best known works are Psychology of the Unconscious 1912 ) and Psychological Types 1921 )[citation needed .
Book
article: Red Book (Jung )
1913 at the age of thirty -eight , Jung experienced a horrible "confrontation with the unconscious ". He saw visions and heard voices . He worried at times that he was "menaced by a psychosis " or was "doing a schizophrenia ." He decided that it was valuable experience , and in private , he induced hallucinations , or , in his words , "active imaginations ." He recorded everything he felt in small journals . Jung began to transcribe his notes into a large , red leather -bound book , on which he worked intermittently for sixteen years .[ 7 ]
left no posthumous instructions about the final disposition of what he called the "Red Book ". His family eventually moved it into a bank vault in 1984 . Sonu Shamdasani a historian from London , for three years tried to persuade Jung 's heirs to have it published , to which they declined every hint of inquiry . As of mid -September 2009 , fewer than two dozen people had seen it . But Ulrich Hoerni , Jung 's grandson who manages the Jung archives , decided to publish it . To raise the additional funds needed , the Philemon Foundation was founded .[ 7 ]
2007 , two technicians for DigitalFusion , working with the publisher , W . W . Norton & Company painstakingly scanned one -tenth of a millimeter at a time with a 10 ,200 -pixel scanner . It was published on October 7 , 2009 (ISBN 978 -0 -393 -06567 -1 in German with "separate English translation along with Shamdasani 's introduction and footnotes " at the back of the book , according to Sara Corbett for The New York Times She wrote , "The book is bombastic , baroque and like so much else about Carl Jung , a willful oddity , synched with an antediluvian and mystical reality ."[ 7 ]
Rubin Museum of Art in New York City displayed the original Red Book journal , as well as some of Jung 's original small journals , from October 7 , 2009 to January 25 , 2010 .[ 40 ] According to them , "During the period in which he worked on this book Jung developed his principal theories of archetypes , collective unconscious , and the process of individuation ." Two -thirds of the pages bear Jung 's illuminations of the text .[ 40 ]
to Nazism
had many friends and respected colleagues who were Jewish and he maintained relations with them through the 1930s when anti -semitism in Germany and other European nations was on the rise . However , until 1939 , he also maintained professional relations with psychotherapists in Germany who had declared their support for the Nazi regime and there were allegations that he himself was a Nazi sympathizer . In his work Civilisation in Transition , Collected Works Volume X however , Jung wrote of "... the Aryan bird of prey with his insatiable lust to lord it in every land , even those that concern him not at all ."[ 41 ]
are writings showing that Jung 's sympathies were against , rather than for , Nazism .[ 42 ] In his 1936 essay Wotan Jung described Germany as "infected " by "one man who is obviously 'possessed '...", and as "rolling towards perdition ",[ 43 ] and wrote "...what a so -called Führer does with a mass movement can plainly be seen if we turn our eyes to the north or south of our country ."[ 44 ] The essay does , however , speak in more positive terms of Jakob Wilhelm Hauer and his German Faith Movement [ 45 ] which was loyal to Hitler . In April 1939 , the Bishop of Southwark asked Jung if he had any specific views on what was likely to be the next step in religious development . Jung 's reply was:
do not know whether Hitler is going to found a new Islam .
He is already on the way ;
he is like Mohammed .
The emotion in Germany is Islamic ;
warlike and Islamic .
They are all drunk with wild god .
That can be the historic future .
[ 46 ]
quote above , which was often taken out of context and used to compare Islam with Nazism , was probably better explained by Jungian Psychologist and author J . Marvin Spiegelman:
had mentioned ,
in passing ,
that he felt the spirit of Islam in the military passion of the Nazis ,
without casting any aspersion on the religion of Islam itself .
Rather ,
he sensed that passion ,
armed with divine mission ,
something missing from the West for some time ,
was a primitive invasion of soulless Europe .
[ 47 ]
would later say that: "Hitler seemed like the 'double ' of a real person , as if Hitler the man might be hiding inside like an appendix , and deliberately so concealed in order not to disturb the mechanism ... You know you could never talk to this man ; because there is nobody there ... It is not an individual ; it is an entire nation ."[ 48 ] In 1943 , Jung aided the United States Office of Strategic Services by analyzing the psychology of Nazi leaders .[citation needed
an interview with Carol Baumann in 1948 , Jung denied rumors regarding any sympathy for the Nazi movement , saying:
must be clear to anyone who has read any of my books that I have never been a Nazi sympathizer and I never have been anti -
Semitic ,
and no amount of misquotation ,
mistranslation ,
or rearrangement of what I have written can alter the record of my true point of view .
Nearly every one of these passages has been tampered with ,
either by malice or by ignorance .
Furthermore ,
my friendly relations with a large group of Jewish colleagues and patients over a period of many years in itself disproves the charge of anti -
Semitism .
[ 49 ]
full response from Jung discounting the rumors can be found in C .G Jung Speaking , Interviews and Encounters Princeton University Press , 1977 .
and professional organizations in Germany , 1933 to 1939
1933 , after the Nazis gained power in Germany , Jung took part in restructuring of the General Medical Society for Psychotherapy Allgemeine Ärztliche Gesellschaft für Psychotherapie a German -based professional body with an international membership . The society was reorganized into two distinct bodies:
strictly German body , the Deutsche Allgemeine Ärztliche Gesellschaft für Psychotherapie led by Matthias Göring an Adlerian psychotherapist [ 50 ] and a cousin of the prominent Nazi Hermann Göring General Medical Society for Psychotherapy , led by Jung . The German body was to be affiliated to the international society , as were new national societies being set up in Switzerland and elsewhere .[ 51 ]
.
G .
Jung Institute ,
Küsnacht ,
Switzerland
International Society 's constitution permitted individual doctors to join it directly , rather than through one of the national affiliated societies , a provision to which Jung drew attention in a circular in 1934 .[ 52 ] This implied that German Jewish doctors could maintain their professional status as individual members of the international body , even though they were excluded from the German affiliate , as well as from other German medical societies operating under the Nazis .[ 53 ]
leader of the international body , Jung assumed overall responsibility for its publication , the Zentralblatt für Psychotherapie In 1933 , this journal published a statement endorsing Nazi positions [ 54 ] and Hitler 's book Mein Kampf [ 55 ] In 1934 , Jung wrote in a Swiss publication , the Neue Zürcher Zeitung that he experienced "great surprise and disappointment "[ 56 ] when the Zentralblatt associated his name with the pro -Nazi statement .
went on to say "the main point is to get a young and insecure science into a place of safety during an earthquake ".[ 57 ] He did not end his relationship with the Zentralblatt at this time , but he did arrange the appointment of a new managing editor , Carl Alfred Meier of Switzerland . For the next few years , the Zentralblatt under Jung and Meier maintained a position distinct from that of the Nazis , in that it continued to acknowledge contributions of Jewish doctors to psychotherapy .[ 58 ]
the face of energetic German attempts to Nazify the international body , Jung resigned from its presidency in 1939 ,[ 58 ] the year the Second World War started .
has had an enduring influence on psychology as well as wider society . He founded a new school of psychotherapy called analytical psychology or Jungian psychology . His theories include:
as a cure for alcoholism
recommended spirituality as a cure for alcoholism and he is considered to have had an indirect role in establishing Alcoholics Anonymous [ 60 ] Jung once treated an American patient (Rowland Hazard III suffering from chronic alcoholism After working with the patient for some time and achieving no significant progress , Jung told the man that his alcoholic condition was near to hopeless , save only the possibility of a spiritual experience . Jung noted that occasionally such experiences had been known to reform alcoholics where all else had failed .
took Jung 's advice seriously and set about seeking a personal spiritual experience . He returned home to the United States and joined a First -Century Christian evangelical movement known as the Oxford Group later known as Moral Re -Armament ). He also told other alcoholics what Jung had told him about the importance of a spiritual experience . One of the alcoholics he brought into the Oxford Group was Ebby Thacher a long -time friend and drinking buddy of Bill Wilson , later co -founder of Alcoholics Anonymous AA ). Thacher told Wilson about the Oxford Group , and through them Wilson became aware of Hazard 's experience with Jung . The influence of Jung thus indirectly found its way into the formation of Alcoholics Anonymous , the original twelve -step program and from there into the whole twelve -step recovery movement , although AA as a whole is not Jungian and Jung had no role in the formation of that approach or the twelve steps .
above claims are documented in the letters of Jung and Bill W ., excerpts of which can be found in Pass It On published by Alcoholics Anonymous .[ 61 ] Although the detail of this story is disputed by some historians , Jung himself discussed an Oxford Group member , who may have been the same person , in talks given around 1940 . The remarks were distributed privately in transcript form , from shorthand taken by an attender (Jung reportedly approved the transcript ), and later recorded in Volume 18 of his Collected Works , The Symbolic Life For instance , when a member of the Oxford Group comes to me in order to get treatment , I say , 'You are in the Oxford Group ; so long as you are there , you settle your affair with the Oxford Group . I can 't do it better than Jesus .'" Jung goes on to state that he has seen similar cures among Roman Catholics ).[ 62 ]
therapy
proposed that Art can be used to alleviate or contain feelings of trauma , fear , or anxiety and also to repair , restore and heal .[ 9 ] In his work with patients and in his own personal explorations , Jung wrote that art expression and images found in dreams could be helpful in recovering from trauma and emotional distress . Jung often drew , painted , or made objects and constructions at times of emotional distress , which he recognized as recreational .[ 9 ]
on culture
van der Post claimed to have had a 16 -year -long friendship with Jung , from which a number of books and a film were created about Jung 's life .[ 63 ] The accuracy of van der Post 's claims about the closeness of his relationship to Jung have been questioned .[ 24 ] Hesse author of works such as Siddhartha and Der Steppenwolf was treated by Dr . Joseph Lang , a student of Jung . This began for Hesse a long preoccupation with psychoanalysis through which he came to know Jung personally .[ 64 ] s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man can be read as an ironic parody of Jung 's "four stages of eroticism ".[ 65 ] appears as a character in the novel Possessing the Secret of Joy by Alice Walker He appears as the therapist of Tashi , the novel 's protagonist He is usually called "Mzee " but is identified by Alice Walker in the afterword .[ 66 ] appears as a character in Timothy Findley 's novel Pilgrim .During the title character 's stay at the Burghölzli Psychiatric Clinic in Zürich , Switzerland , Carl Gustav Jung is his therapist .[ 67 ] Davies novel The Manticore is told from the perspective of a man undergoing Jungian psychoanalysis .
work and writings of Jung from the 1940s onwards focused on alchemy . In 1963 Mysterium Coniunctionis was first published in the Collected Works of C .G . Jung Mysterium Coniunctionis was Jung 's last book and focused on the "Mysterium Coniunctionis " archetype , known as the sacred marriage between sun and moon . Jung argued that the stages of the alchemists , the blackening , the whitening , the reddening and the yellowing , could be taken as symbolic of individuation - his favourite term for personal growth (75 ).
statute of Jung in Mathew Street ,
Liverpool ,
a half -
body on a plinth captioned "
Liverpool is the pool of life "
visionary Swiss painter Peter Birkhäuser was treated by a student of Jung , Marie -Louise von Franz and corresponded with Jung regarding the translation of dream symbolism into works of art .[ 68 ] Abstract Expressionist Jackson Pollock underwent Jungian psychotherapy in 1939 with Dr . Joseph Henderson . His therapist made the decision to engage him through his art , and had Pollock make drawings , which led to the appearance of many Jungian concepts in his paintings .[ 69 ] [ 70 ] to some sources ,[ 71 ] Jung did not visit Liverpool but recorded a dream in which he had , and of which he wrote "Liverpool is the pool of life , it makes to live ."[ 72 ] As a result a statue of Jung was erected in Mathew Street in 1987 but , being made of plaster was vandalised and replaced by a more durable version in 1993 .[ 72 ]
and film
Fellini brought to the screen an exuberant imagery shaped by his encounter with the ideas of Carl Jung , especially Jungian dream interpretation . Fellini preferred Jung to Freud because Jungian analysis defined the dream not as a symptom of a disease that required a cure but rather as a link to archetypal images shared by all of humanity .[ 73 ] Crane from popular TV show Frasier is an adherent of Jung , while his brother Frasier is a Freudian .interview with John Freeman at Jung 's home in Zurich . 1959 .[ 74 ] Dangerous Method November 2011 ). A movie whose storyline involves a look at how the intense relationship between Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud gives birth to psychoanalysis . Carl Jung is played by Michael Fassbender who acts alongside Keira Knightley and Viggo Mortensen who plays Sigmund Freud The movie is directed by David Cronenberg [ 75 ]
s influence in the Olympic Games
s idea that the ring represents the human being and continuity inspired Pierre de Coubertin to create the Olympic symbol of five interlocked rings .[citation needed
Gabriel s song "Rhythm of the Heat " from the 1982 album Security tells about Jung 's visit to Africa , during which he joined a group of tribal drummers and dancers and became overwhelmed by the fear of losing control of himself . At the time , Jung was exploring the concept of the collective unconscious and was afraid he would come under control of the music . Gabriel learned about Jung 's journey to Africa from the essay Symbols and the Interpretation of Dreams ISBN 0 -691 -09968 -5 In the song , Gabriel tries to capture the powerful feelings the African tribal music evoked in Jung by means of intense use of tribal drumbeats . The original song title was "Jung in Africa ".[ 76 ]
also
and references
Dunne , Clare (2002 ). "Prelude " . Carl Jung: Wounded Healer of the Soul: An Illustrated Biography Continuum International Publishing Group . pp . 3 . ISBN 9780826463074 . http: //books .google .com /?id =uegLZklR0fEC &pg =PA3 . Jung 's Individuation process Retrieved on 2009 -2 -20 Memories , Dreams , Reflections p . 209 . As a university student Jung changed the modernized spelling of his name to the original family form . Bair , Deirdre 2003 ). Jung: A Biography New York: Back Bay Books . pp . 7 , 53 . ISBN 0 -316 -15938 -7 . a b Memories , Dreams , Reflections p . 18 . Jung , C .G .; Aniela Jaffé (1965 ). Memories , Dreams , Reflections New York: Random House . pp . 8 . ISBN 0394702689 . a b c d Corbett , Sara (September 16 , 2009 ). "The Holy Grail of the Unconscious " . The New York Times . http: //www .nytimes .com /2009 /09 /20 /magazine /20jung -t .html . Retrieved 2009 -09 -20 . Memories , Dreams , Reflections pp . 33 –34 . a b c Malchiodi , Cathy A . (2006 ). The Art Therapy Sourcebook McGraw -Hill Professional . pp . 134 . ISBN 9780071468275 . http: //books .google .com /?id =Vno0XgRuRhcC &pg =PA134 . Memories , Dreams , Reflections pp . 22 –23 . Memories , Dreams , Reflections pp . 30 . Memories , Dreams , Reflections pp . 32 . a b Carl Jung Retrieved on 2009 -3 -7 Crowley , Vivianne (1999 ). Jung: A Journey of Transformation Quest Books . pp . 56 . ISBN 0835607828 . Hayman , Ronald 1999 ). A Life of Jung New York: W .W . Norton & Co .. pp . 84 –5 , 92 , 98 –9 , 102 –7 , 121 , 123 , 111 , 134 –7 , 138 –9 , 145 , 147 , 152 , 176 , 177 , 184 , 185 , 186 , 189 , 194 , 213 –4 . ISBN 0393019675 . A Life of Jung pp . 184 –8 , 189 , 244 , 261 , 262 . The Collected Works of C . G . Jung , Volumes 10 and 18 In Psychology and Religion v .11 , Collected Works of C .G . Jung Princeton . It was first published as "Antwort auf Hiob ," Zurich , 1952 and translated into English in 1954 , in London .Crowley , Vivianne (2000 ). Jung: A Journey of Transformation:Exploring His Life and Experiencing His Ideas Wheaton Illinois: Quest Books . ISBN 978 -0835607827 . For Jung , alchemy is not only part of the pre -history of chemistry , that is , not only laboratory work , but also an essential part of the history of psychology as the history of the discovery of the deep structure of the psyche and its unconscious . Jung emphasized the signifi cance of the symbolic structure of alchemical texts , a structure that is understood as a way independent of laboratory research , as a structure per se .' Calian , George Florin (2010 ). Alkimia Operativa and Alkimia Speculativa . Some Modern Controversies on the Historiography of Alchemy Budapest: Annual of Medieval Studies at CEU . pp . 167 –168 . http: //www .archive .org /stream /AlkimiaOperativaAndAlkimiaSpeculativa .SomeModernControversiesOnThe /FlorinGeorgeCalian -AlkimiaOperativaAndAlkimiaSpeculativa .SomeModernControversiesOnTheHistoriographyOfAlchemy #page /n0 /mode /2up . Hayman , Ronald (2001 ). A Life of Jung New York: W .W . Norton . p . 450 . ISBN 0393019675 . Bair , Deirdre (2003 ). Jung Boston: Little , Brown . pp . 622 –3 . ISBN 0316076651 . Peter Gay , Freud: A life for Our Time London 1988 ) p . 202 a b Jonest , Ernest , ed . Lionel Trilling and Steven Marcus . The Life and Work of Sigmund Freud New York: Anchor Books , 1963 .Rosenzwieg , Saul (1992 ). Freud , Jung and Hall the King -Maker ISBN 0 -88937 -110 -5 . a b McGuire , William (1995 ). "Firm Affinities: Jung 's relations with Britain and the United States ". Journal of Analytical Psychology 40 : 301 –326 . Jung , C .G . (1916 ). Collected Papers on Analytical Psychology Dr . Constance E . Long . Bailliere , Tindall and Cox . Burleson , Blake W . (2005 ). Jung in Africa ISBN 0 -8264 -6921 -3 . Bair , Deirdre (2003 ). Jung: A Biography pp . 417 –430 . ISBN 0 -316 -07665 -1 . Jung , Carl (2009 ). The Red Book W . W . Norton & Company . p . 231 . ISBN 9780393065671 . Jung , Carl (2006 ). The Undiscovered Self: The Problem of the Individual in Modern Society New American Library . pp . 15 –16 . ISBN 0451218604 . C .G . Jung , Die Beziehungen zwischen dem Ich und dem Unbewußten chapter one , second section , 1928 . Also , C .G . Jung Aufsätze zur Zeitgeschichte 1946 . Speeches made in 1933 and 1937 are excerpted .Jung , Carl (2006 ). The Undiscovered Self: The Problem of the Individual in Modern Society New American Library . p . 14 . ISBN 0451218604 . a b Jung , Carl (2006 ). The Undiscovered Self: The Problem of the Individual in Modern Society New American Library . pp . 23 –24 . ISBN 0451218604 . Jung , Carl (1960 ). Psychology and Religion The Vail -Ballou Press ic .. p . 59 . ISBN 030000171 . Jung , Carl (2006 ). The Undiscovered Self: The Problem of the Individual in Modern Society New American Library . p . 23 . ISBN 0451218604 . Jung , Carl (2006 ). The Undiscovered Self: The Problem of the Individual in Modern Society New American Library . p . 25 . ISBN 0451218604 . Jung , Carl (2006 ). The Undiscovered Self: The Problem of the Individual in Modern Society New American Library . p . 24 . ISBN 0451218604 . Jung , Carl (2006 ). The Undiscovered Self: The Problem of the Individual in Modern Society New American Library . p . 14 & 45 . ISBN 0451218604 . a b "The Red Book of C .G . Jung " . Rubin Museum of Art . http: //www .rmanyc .org /nav /exhibitions /view /308 . Retrieved 2009 -09 -20 . Jung , Carl G . (1970 ); Collected Works , Volume 10 ; Routledge and Kegan Paul , London ; ISBN 0 -7100 -1640 -9 p 89 C .G . Jung ,‘ Die Beziehungen zwishen dem Ich und dem Unbewußten ’, chapter one , second section , 1928 . Also , C .G . Jung ‘ Aufsatze zur Zeitgeschichte ’, 1946 . Speeches made in 1933 , 1937 are excerpted . He was protesting the "slavery by the government " and the "chaos and insanity " of the mob , because of the very fact that they were the part of the mob and were under its strong influence . He wrote that because of the speeches he delivered he was blacklisted by Nazis . They eliminated his writings .Jung , Carl G . (1970 ); Collected Works , Volume 10 ; Routledge and Kegan Paul , London ; ISBN 0 -7100 -1640 -9 p 185 .Jung , Carl G . (1970 ); Collected Works , Volume 10 ; Routledge and Kegan Paul , London ; ISBN 0 -7100 -1640 -9 p 190 .Jung , Carl G . (1970 ); Collected Works , Volume 10 ; Routledge and Kegan Paul , London ; ISBN 0 -7100 -1640 -9 p 190 -191 .The Collected Works Volume 18 , The Symbolic Life , Princeton University Press p . 281 C . G . Jung ’s Answer To Job:A Half Century Later " published by JOURNAL OF JUNGIAN THEORY AND PRACTICE VOL . 8 NO . 1 2006 C .G . Jung Speaking: Interviews and Encounters , edited by William McGuire and R .F .C . Hull (London: Thames and Hudson , 1978 ), pp . 91 –93 , 115 –135 , 136 –40 .Interview with Carol Baumann , published in the Bulletin of Analytical Psychology Club of New York December 1949 Lifton , Robert Jay (27 January 1985 ) "Psychotherapy in the Third Reich " New York Times Jaffé , Aniela (1972 ); From the Life and Work of C .G .Jung Hodder and Stoughton , London . ISBN 0 -340 -12515 -2 pages 79 – 80 .An English translation of the circular is in Jung , Carl G . (1970 ); Collected Works , Volume 10 ; Routledge and Kegan Paul , London ; ISBN 0 -7100 -1640 -9 p 545 –546 .Jaffé , Aniela (1972 ); From the Life and Work of C .G .Jung Hodder and Stoughton , London . ISBN 0 -340 -12515 -2 page 82 .Jaffé , Aniela (1972 ); From the Life and Work of C .G .Jung Hodder and Stoughton , London . ISBN 0 -340 -12515 -2 page 80 .Mark Medweth .« Jung and the Nazis in Psybernetika Winter 1996 .Article republished in English in Jung , Carl G . (1970 ); Collected Works , Volume 10 ; Routledge and Kegan Paul , London ; ISBN 0 -7100 -1640 -9 p 538 .Article republished in English in Jung , Carl G . (1970 ); Collected Works , Volume 10 ; Routledge and Kegan Paul , London ; ISBN 0 -7100 -1640 -9 p 538 . See also Stevens , Anthony , "Jung: a very short introduction ", Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press , 2001 . ISBN 0 -19 -285458 -5 a b Jaffé , Aniela (1972 ); From the Life and Work of C .G .Jung Hodder and Stoughton , London . ISBN 0 -340 -12515 -2 page 83 .Jung , C .G . and Wolfgang Pauli The Interpretation of Nature and Psyche New York: Pantheon Books , 1955 Levin , Jerome David (1995 ). "Other etiological theories of Alcoholism " . Introduction to Alcoholism Counseling Taylor & Francis . pp . 167 . ISBN 9781560323587 . http: //books .google .com /?id =_y7H9Sq5g6kC &pg =PA167 . Alcoholics Anonymous World Services , Inc . (1984 ) Pass It On: The Story of Bill Wilson and how the A .A . message reached the world .New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Services , Inc . ISBN 0 -916856 -12 -7 pp . 381 –386 Jung , C . G .; Adler , G . and Hull , R . F . C ., eds . (1977 ) Collected Works of C . G . Jung , Volume 18: The Symbolic Life: Miscellaneous Writings ,Princeton , NJ: Princeton University Press , ISBN 978 -0 -691 -09892 -0 p . 272 , as noted 2007 -08 -26 at http: //www .stellarfire .org /additional .html "Laurens van der Post " . http: //www .ratical .org /many _worlds /LvdP / . Retrieved 2007 -12 -02 . "Hermann Hesse " . http: //www .kirjasto .sci .fi /hhesse .htm . Retrieved 2007 -12 -02 . Hiromi Yoshida , Joyce & Jung: The "Four Stages of Eroticism " in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man New York: Peter Lang , 2007 )."Possessing the Secret of Joy " . http: //www .biblio .com /details .php ?dcx =53037639 &aid =frg . Retrieved 2007 -12 -02 . Findley , Timothy (1999 ). Pilgrim Toronto: Harper Collins .Birkhäuser , Peter ; Marie -Louise von Franz , Eva Wertanschlag and Kaspar Birkhäuser (1980 –1991 ). Light from the Darkness: The Paintings of Peter Birkhäuser Boston , MA: Birkhäuser Verlag . ISBN 3764311908 . Abstract Expressionism , Jackson Pollock 's "Psychoanalytic Drawings " Paintings "Retrieved July 24 , 2010 Stockstad , Marilyn (2005 ). Art History Upper Saddle River , New Jersey: Pearson Education , Inc .. ISBN 0131455273 . Grant , Linda (2003 -06 -05 ). "History broke Liverpool , and it broke my heart " . The Guardian London ). http: //www .guardian .co .uk /culture /2003 /jun /05 /artsfeatures .europeancapitalofculture2008 . Retrieved 2010 -02 -24 . a b Cavanagh , Terry (1997 ). Public sculpture of Liverpool books .google .co .uk . ISBN 9780853237112 . http: //books .google .com /?id =05hJrW5yuakC &pg =PA111 &lpg =PA111 &dq =statue +Jung +liverpool &q =statue %20Jung %20liverpool . Retrieved 2010 -02 -24 . Bondanella , Peter E .. The Films of Federico Fellini p . 94 . ISBN 0521575737 . BBC interview IMDB A Dangerous Method ""Rhythm Of The Heat by Peter Gabriel ", Song Facts " . http: //www .songfacts .com /detail .php ?id =756 . Retrieved 2006 -12 -16 .
reading
texts
Carl Gustav ; Marie -Luise von Franz (1964 ). Man and His Symbols Doubleday . ISBN 8449301610 . Gustav Jung , Analytical Psychology: Its Theory and Practice (The Tavistock Lectures )Ark Paperbacks ), 1990 , ISBN 0 -7448 -0056 -0 Stevens , Jung . A Very Short Introduction Oxford University Press , Oxford , 1994 , ISBN 0 -19 -285458 -5 Stevens , On Jung Princeton University Press , 1990 (1999 ).Basic Writings of C .G . Jung edited by V .S . de Laszlo (The Modern Library , 1959 )Portable Jung edited by Joseph Campbell Viking Portable ), ISBN 0 -14 -015070 -6 F Edinger , Ego and Archetype Shambhala Publications ISBN 0 -87773 -576 -X recommended tool for navigating Jung 's works is Robert Hopcke 's book , A Guided Tour of the Collected Works of C .G . Jung ISBN 1 -57062 -405 -4 He offers short , lucid summaries of all of Jung 's major ideas and suggests readings from Jung 's and others ' work that best present that idea .C . Whitmont , The Symbolic Quest: Basic Concepts of Analytical Psychology Princeton University Press , Princeton , New Jersey , 1969 , 1979 , ISBN 0 -691 -02454 -5 Connor , Peter A . (1985 ). Understanding Jung , understanding yourself New York , NY: Paulist Press . ISBN 0809127997 . Cambridge Companion to Jung , second edition edited by Polly Young -Eisendrath and Terence Dawson , published in 2008 by Cambridge University Press
in various areas of Jungian thought
Aziz , C .G . Jung ’s Psychology of Religion and Synchronicity 1990 ), currently in its 10th printing , is a refereed publication of State University of New York Press ISBN 0 -7914 -0166 -9 Aziz , Synchronicity and the Transformation of the Ethical in Jungian Psychology in Carl B . Becker , ed . Asian and Jungian Views of Ethics Westport , CT: Greenwood , 1999 . ISBN 0 -313 -30452 -1 Aziz , The Syndetic Paradigm:The Untrodden Path Beyond Freud and Jung 2007 ), a refereed publication of The State University of New York Press . ISBN 978 -0 -7914 -6982 -8 Aziz , Foreword in Lance Storm , ed . Synchronicity: Multiple Perspectives on Meaningful Coincidence . Pari , Italy: Pari Publishing , 2008 . ISBN 978 -88 -95604 -02 -2 Clift , Jung and Christianity: The Challenge of Reconciliation . New York: The Crossroad Publishing Company , 1982 . ISBN 0 -8245 -0409 -7 F . Edinger , The Mystery of The Coniunctio ISBN 0 -919123 -67 -8 A good explanation of Jung 's foray into the symbolism of alchemy as it relates to individuation and individual religious experience . Many of the alchemical symbols recur in contemporary dreams (with creative additions from the unconscious e .g . space travel , internet , computers )Giegerich , The Soul 's Logical Life ISBN 3 -631 -38225 -1 A critique and extension of Jungian Theory .A Hall M .D ., Jungian Dream Interpretation ISBN 0 -919123 -12 -0 A brief , well structured overview of the use of dreams in therapy .Hillman Healing Fiction ", ISBN 0 -88214 -363 -8 Covers Jung , Adler , and Freud and their various contributions to understanding the soul .Samuels , Critical Dictionary of Jungian Analysis ISBN 0 -415 -05910 -0 Singer , Boundaries of the Soul ISBN 0 -385 -47529 -2 On psychotherapy Woodman The Pregnant Virgin: A Process of Psychological Transformation ISBN 0 -919123 -20 -1 The recovery of feminine values in women (and men ). There are many examples of clients ' dreams , by an experienced analyst .
texts
Samuels , The Political Psyche Routledge ), ISBN 0 -415 -08102 -5 Huskinson , Nietzsche and Jung: The Whole Self in the Union of Opposites Routledge ), ISBN 1583918337 Excellent analysis of the highly significant anticipation and influence of the philosophy of Nietzsche on Jung .Remo F . (2011 ). Return of the World Soul , Wolfgang Pauli , C .G . Jung and the Challenge of Psychophysical Reality Pari , Italy: Pari Publishing . ISBN 978 -88 -95604 -12 -1 .
Freud relationship
John . A Most Dangerous Method : The Story of Jung , Freud , and Sabina Spielrein .Knopf 1993 . ISBN 0 -679 -40412 -0
people 's recollections of Jung
der Post , Laurens , "Jung and the story of our time ", New York : Pantheon Books , 1975 . ISBN 0 -394 -49207 -2 Barbara , "Jung , his life and work ; a biographical memoir ", New York: G . P . Putnam 's Sons , 1976 . SBN: 399 -50383 -8
scholarship on Jung by historians
Noll The Jung Cult: Origins of a Charismatic Movement (Princeton University Press , 1994 ); and Noll , The Aryan Christ: The Secret Life of Carl Jung (Random House , 1997 )[1 ] Stevens , On Jung second edition ) includes an appendix where Noll 's derogatory claims are refuted .Shamdasani Cult Fictions ISBN 0 -415 -18614 -5 Critique of the above works by Noll .Shamdasani , Jung and the Making of Modern Psychology : The Dream of a Science ISBN 0 -521 -53909 -9 A comprehensive study of the origins of Jung 's psychology which places it in a historical and philosophical context . The author calls this a "Cubist history ".Shamdasani , Jung Stripped Bare ISBN 1 -85575 -317 -0 Critique of Jung biographies .Deirdre Jung: A Biography Boston: Little , Brown and Co , 2003 .
in the public domain
Carl Gustav
names
description psychiatrist influential thinker , and founder of analytical psychology
of birth July 1875
of birth in the Swiss canton (state ) of Thurgau
of death June 1961
of death Switzerland
Jung births deaths from Arbon District Zurich faculty language philosophers of mental health associated with the University of Zurich of religion writers astrologers autobiographers Christians philosophers psychiatrists psychologists of Basel alumni of psychiatry from Rapperswil -Jona century philosophers
Foundation 2010
at other dictionaries:
Jung Carl Gustav Jung « Jung » redirige ici . Pour les autres significations , voir Jung (homonymie ). Carl Gustav Jung … Wikipédia en Français
Jung ist der Name folgender Personen: Carl Jung (Flugpionier ), deutscher Flugpionier Carl Gustav Jung (meist C . G . Jung , 1875 –1961 ), Schweizer Tiefenpsychologe Carl Theobald Jung (1845 –1901 ), deutscher Eisenhüttenmann Diese Seite ist eine B … Deutsch Wikipedia
Jung noun Swiss psychologist (1875 1961 ) • Syn: ↑Jung , ↑Carl Gustav Jung • Derivationally related forms: ↑Jungian (for: ↑Jung ) • Members of this Topic: ↑persona … Useful english dictionary
Jung n . Carl Gustav Jung (1875 1961 ), Swiss psychiatrist and psychologist who studied with Sigmund Freud and later developed his own psychological theories … English contemporary dictionary
Gustav Jung Jung » redirige ici . Pour les autres significations , voir Jung (homonymie ). Carl Gustav Jung … Wikipédia en Français
Gustav Jung Jung » redirige aquí . Para otras acepciones , véase Jung (desambiguación ). Carl Gustav Jung … Wikipedia Español
Alfred Meier Carl Alfred Meier , né le 19 avril 1905 à Schaffhouse et mort en 1995 , est un psychiatre , un psychologue jungien et un chercheur suisse . Sommaire 1 Biographie 2 Publications 3 So … Wikipédia en Français
Familienname )Jung ist ein Familienname . Bekannte Namensträger Inhaltsverzeichnis A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z … Deutsch Wikipedia
Alfred Meier April 19 , 1905 – 1995 ) was a Swiss psychiatrist , Jungian Psychologist and scholar . He became the first president of the C . G . Jung Institute in Zürich . As successor to Carl Jung , he held the Chair of Honorary Professor of Psychology at the Swiss … Wikipedia
prop . n . Carl Gustav Jung , a noted Swiss psychiatrist and Psychologist (1875 1961 ). Syn: Carl Jung , Carl Gustav Jung . [WordNet 1 .5 ] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Important figuresAlfred Adler · Michael Balint
