Nigeria Airways

Nigeria Airways
Nigeria Airways
IATA
WT		 ICAO
NGA		 Callsign
NIGERIA
Founded August 23, 1958 (1958-08-23) (after the dissolution of WAAC)
Commenced operations October 1, 1958 (1958-10-01)
Ceased operations 2003 (2003)
Operating bases
Hubs
  • Murtala Muhammed International Airport
Secondary hubs
Focus cities
Destinations 9 (at the time of closure)
Parent company Government of Nigeria (100%)
Headquarters Abuja, Nigeria
Key people Peter Gana (CEO) (at the time of closure)[1]:51
Website www.nigeriaairways.com (currently unavailable)

Nigeria Airways Ltd., more commonly known as Nigeria Airways, is a defunct Nigerian airline. The company was founded in 1958 after the dissolution of West African Airways Corporation. It was wholly owned by the Government of Nigeria, and served as the country's flag carrier.[1]:51 The airline was headquartered in Abuja.[1]:50 Nigeria Airways operated under the IATA airline code WT and the ICAO airline code NGA; the carrier's callsign was NIGERIA.[1][2] The airline logo consisted of the Nigerian flag with a green elephant named Skypower in its centre.[3]

The airline was managed by a number of foreign companies, including British Airways, KLM and South African Airways.[4][5] It had its heyday in the early 1980s, just after a KLM team two-year-management period;[6] at that time its fleet comprised about 30 aircraft.[7] It ceased operations in 2003. Plagued of mis-management, corruption, and overstaffing,[3][8][9][10] at the time of closure the airline had debts for more than US$ 60 million,[11] a poor safety record,[11] and its operative fleet comprised a single aircraft flying domestic routes as well as two leased aircraft operating the international network.[12] It was succeeded by Virgin Nigeria.[11][13][14]

Contents

History

A Nigeria Airways Airbus A310-200 at Roissy-Charles de Gaulle Airport, Paris, France. (1985)

Early years

The airline came into being under the name West African Airways Corporation Nigeria Limited (WAAC Nigeria) on 23 August 1958, to succeed the folded West African Airways Corporation (WAAC).[1]:51[15] Operations started on 1 October 1958.[15] WAAC Nigeria inherited the assets and liabilities of WAAC. Initially the airline was a tripartite entity in which the Nigerian government, BOAC, and Elder Dempster Line all had a participation.[1]:51 The Nigerian Government held a controlling interest of 51% of the shares that was boosted to a 100% on 1 May 1959.[1]:51 On 22 January 1971, the company was rebranded as Nigeria Airways.[1]:51

Demise

The carrier had accumulated significant debts that outstripped its revenues virtually from the mid-1980s.[16][17][18] The International Finance Corporation (IFC) was commissioned by the Nigerian Government in 2000 to assist in the process of reestructuration and privatisation of the airline.[9] Among three options, one of them was to partner with a large European airline; Air France, Lufthansa and Swissair were all considered.[9] Other option was to liquidate the carrier.[9] A fleet comprising 32 aircraft in 1984 gradually depleted to a three-strong at that time.[9] The IFC withdrew from its advisory position in 2001 citing the unwillingness of both the company and the government to carry out the necessary measures that would make the airline attractive to potential investors.[19] Likewise, there were various allegations claiming the airline's failure was accelerated by former Nigerian rulers who looted and mismanaged the company.[20][21]

In 1997 the UK Civil Aviation Authority banned the airline from operating into its territory citing safety concerns;[22] the Nigerian government replied banning British Airways operations.[23][24] The United Kingdom cited safety concerns again in 2001 when it refused to allow Nigeria Airways to operate the Lagos–London route,[25] this time regarding the Boeing 747 that was leased from Air Djibouti to fly the route.[26]

The carrier ceased operations in 2003.[27] The Nigerian government later came to an agreement with Virgin Atlantic Airways to found Virgin Nigeria Airways, intended as a replacement, yet the ground facilities of the folded Nigeria Airways were eventually taken over by Arik Air.[28] Terminal pension benefits for liquidated staff were greatly underpaid compared with their counterpart overseas who promptly took the federal government to court.[citation needed]

Destinations

Main article: Nigeria Airways destinations

At the time of closure the Nigeria Airways network consisted of four domestic destinations, namely Abuja, Kano, Lagos and Port Harcourt; likewise, the international network comprised Abidjan, Dubai, Jeddah, London and New York.[1]:51

Fleet

Nigeria Airways fleet

A Boeing 737-200 at Dublin Airport (1993). The airline never flew scheduled services to Dublin, but it had a contract with Aer Lingus to run the maintenance on its 737s there.[6]
The last DC-10 ever built, in Nigeria Airways livery. (1990)
Passengers boarding a Boeing 737 at Calabar Airport for a flight to Lagos. (1981)

Nigeria Airways operated services to London using a Comet 4B.[when?] During the 1960s, it also operated the Douglas DC-3 on internal routes, followed by the turboprop Fokker Friendship and the jetliner Boeing 737 in later years.

BOAC operated VC10 services on behalf of Nigeria Airways from April 1964 until an aircraft of the type was acquired from the British state airline in October 1969; the airplane was destroyed in an accident in November that year and a new Boeing 707 entered the fleet in 1971 intended as its replacement.[29][30] In the interim, Boeing 707s were leased mostly to serve the Lagos–London route.[31][32]

The Douglas DC-10-30 was introduced in 1976,[33][34] and the Airbus A310 in 1983.[35] The carrier operated the last DC-10 ever built,[36] on lease from World Airways. Boeing 747-200s were used while the A310s were on order.[citation needed]

Historic Fleet

The airline operated the following equipment throughout its history:

Accidents and incidents

Aviation Safety Network records 16 accidents/incidents for the airline, eight of which led to fatalities.[43]

Accidents involving fatalities

  • 20 November 1969: This was both the first hull-loss and fatal accident experienced by the carrier, when a Vickers VC-10-1101, registration 5N-ABD, flying the London–Rome–Kano–Lagos route, crashed on its last leg during approach to Ikeja International Airport after hitting trees. All 87 occupants of the aircraft perished in the accident.[44][45][46] The airplane involved had been sold to Nigeria Airways by BOAC less than two months prior to the occurrence of the accident.[47]
  • 22 January 1973: A Boeing 707-3D3C, tail number JY-ADO, chartered from Alia Royal Jordanian Airlines and operated on behalf of Nigeria Airways during the Hajj season, skidded off the runway and caught fire soon after one of the two main gears collapsed on landing at Kano International Airport. The aircraft was due to fly the Jeddah–Lagos route, but it was diverted to Kano because of the weather. There were 202 people on board; 176 perished in the accident.[48]
  • 1 March 1978: A Fokker F-28-1000, registration 5N-ANA,[49][50] operating a domestic scheduled Sokoto–Kano service,[49] collided short before touchdown at the destination airport with a Nigerian Air Force Mig-21U[49] trainer;[50] as a result 18 fatalities were recorded, of whom 16 were occupants of the civil aircraft.[50]
  • 28 November 1983: A Fokker F-28-2000, tail number 5N-ANF, that operated a domestic scheduled Lagos–Enugu passenger service, crashed in poor visibility 3.3 kilometres (2.1 mi) short of the runway on a steep approach to Enugu Airport and caught fire. The death toll for the accident rose to 53.[51][52][53]
  • 11 July 1991: Flight 2120, a chartered Douglas DC-8-61 from the Canadian company Nationair, registration C-GMXQ, caught fire and crashed shortly after take-off from King Abdul Aziz International Airport, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The aircraft was flying pilgrims back to Sokoto, during the Hajj season. There were no survivors among the 261 occupants, 247 of whom were passengers.[54][55] This was the deadliest accident experienced by the company all through its history.
5N-ABK, the Nigeria Airways Boeing 707-300C that crashed on 19 December 1994, is seen here at Roissy-Charles de Gaulle Airport, Paris, France. (1983)
  • 19 December 1994: A Boeing 707-3F9C, 5N-ABK, that was operating Flight 9805, a cargo service between Jeddah and Kano, crashed near Kiri Kasama, Nigeria, after smoke in the cockpit was reported. Three people lost their lives.[56][57][58]
  • 13 November 1995: Flight 357 was a domestic scheduled Yola–Jos–Kaduna–Lagos passenger service, operated with a Boeing 737-2F9, tail number 5N-AUA, that experienced a wing strike following a tailwind landing at Kaduna Airport, inbound from Jos. When the right wing hit the ground after the aircraft veered off left of the runway, the fuel tanks resulted damaged and a fire broke out. The fire completely engulfed the fuselage. Out of 138 occupants of the aircraft, 11 passengers lost their lives.[59][60][61]

Incidents involving fatalities

  • 25 October 1993: An Airbus A310-222 was hijacked en route from Lagos to Abuja. The hijackers demanded the resignation of the Nigeria's government and to be flown to Frankfurt. The aircraft was denied permission to land in N'Djamena, and was diverted to the Niamey airport for refuelling. It was stormed by Nigerien commandos 4 days later; the co-pilot was killed during the operation.[62]

Non-fatal hull-losses

5N-ANR, a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30, was written off after a fire completely destroyed the airframe on 10 January 1987. The aircraft is seen here on the taxiway at Roissy-Charles de Gaulle Airport, Paris, France. (1982)
  • 4 April 1971: Following a rejected take-off in crosswind conditions at Jos Airport, a Fokker F-27-200, registration 5N-AAX, swerved off the runway and hit heaps of gravel.[63]
  • 19 December 1972: A Fokker F-28-1000, tail number PH-FPT, ran off the runway while landing at Port Harcourt Airport.[64]
  • 25 April 1977: A Fokker F27-200, registration 5N-AAW, crash-landed at Sokoto Airport.[note 1]
  • 10 January 1987: A McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30, tail number 5N-ANR, overshoot the runway and caught fire at Ilorin Airport on a training flight.[67]
  • 15 October 1988: A Boeing 737-2F9, registration 5N-ANW, ran past the runway after landing in heavy rain at Port Harcourt Airport; nosegear and starboard main gear both collapsed.[68]
  • 2 October 1989: A Boeing 737-2F9, registration 5N-ANX, had its nosegear collapsed following overrunning on the wet runway at Ikeja International Airport.[69]

See also

Portal icon Nigeria portal
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Notes

  1. ^ Figures for the actual date of occurrence of the incident are discrepant.[65][66]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Directory: world airlines – Nigeria Airways" (pdf). Flight International: 50 – 51. 1 April 2003 – 7 April 2003. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2003/2003%20-%200703.html. Retrieved 29 June 2011. 
  2. ^ "Nigeria Airways information". theAirDB. http://theairdb.com/airline/nigeria-airways.html. Retrieved 25 February 2011. 
  3. ^ a b James Brooke (3 August 1987). "Nigeria's Flying Elephant". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1987/08/03/business/nigeria-s-flying-elephant.html?scp=2&sq=nigeria%20airways&st=cse. Retrieved 26 February 2011. 
  4. ^ Paul I. Adujie (13 October 2004). "Falcons' Victory, Nigeria Airways Failure; Metaphors Nigeria's Malaise". Nigerian Village Square. http://www.nigeriavillagesquare.com/articles/paul-adujie/falcons-victory-nigeria-airways-failure-metaphors-nigerias-malaise.html. Retrieved 21 May 2011. 
  5. ^ "Nigerian pilots threaten strike action" (pdf). Flight International (Lagos): 1338. 19 November 1983. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1983/1983%20-%202090.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. "Capt Tunde Ashafa, president of the pilots' association, said that the pilots have not had their salary reviewed since 1978, when Nigeria Airways was being managed by Dutch flag carrier KLM." 
  6. ^ a b "Africa's fastest-growing airline" (pdf). Flight International: II – VIII. 28 November 1981. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1981/1981%20-%203740.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. 
  7. ^ "Nigeria Airways halves workforce". BBC News. 4 January 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1742567.stm. Retrieved 9 August 2011. "Nigeria Airways is today a far cry from its heyday in the early 1980s when it had a fleet of about 30 aircraft." 
  8. ^ "Nigeria set for new carrier". Flightglobal.com. Airline Business. 1 September 2003. http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2003/09/01/170832/nigeria-set-for-new-carrier.html. Retrieved 14 August 2011. 
  9. ^ a b c d e Simon Tumba (1 October 2000). "Nigeria Airways faces tough choices". Flightglobal.com. Airline Business. http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2000/10/01/120908/nigeria-airways-faces-tough-choices.html. Retrieved 14 August 2011. 
  10. ^ "Nigeria seeks lost airways money". BBC News. 24 November 2003. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3231462.stm. Retrieved 26 February 2011. 
  11. ^ a b c "Virgin takes to Nigeria's skies". BBC News. 28 September 2004. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3697710.stm. Retrieved 21 May 2011. 
  12. ^ Dan Isaacs (15 May 2002). "Nigeria gets tough on air safety". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1989408.stm. Retrieved 26 February 2011. 
  13. ^ "Africa report: Survival test". Flightglobal.com. Airline Business. 21 November 2006. http://www.flightglobal.com/channels/mro/articles/2006/11/21/210613/africa-report-survival-test.html. Retrieved 21 May 2011. "Partially privatised Ghana International Airlines has already taken over from the liquidated Ghana Airways, while Virgin Nigeria replaced Nigeria Airways, which lurched from crisis to crisis until the government finally pulled the plug three years ago." 
  14. ^ "Virgin Nigeria takes to the air". Flightglobal.com. Airline Business. 4 October 2005. http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2005/10/04/201983/virgin-nigeria-takes-to-the-air.html. Retrieved 14 August 2011. 
  15. ^ a b c d "World Airlines – Nigeria Airways (WAAC [Nigeria] Ltd)" (pdf). Flight International: 638. 6 May 1971. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1971/1971%20-%200723.html. Retrieved 21 May 2011. 
  16. ^ "Nigeria tries to reduce debts" (pdf). Flight International (Lagos): 8. 5 December 1987. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202586.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. 
  17. ^ "Nigeria Airways cuts back" (pdf). Flight International (Lagos): 3. 27 December 1986. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1986/1986%20-%203523.html. Retrieved 22 November. 
  18. ^ "Nigerian Airbus detained" (pdf). Flight International (Bordeaux): 3. 27 February 1988. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1988/1988%20-%200455.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. 
  19. ^ "World Bank quits Nigerian privatisation". BBC News. 22 May 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1345508.stm. Retrieved 14 August 2011. 
  20. ^ "Fresh fraud probe for Nigeria Airways". BBC News. 12 December 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/2569841.stm. Retrieved 9 August 2011. 
  21. ^ "Politicians probe Nigeria Airways 'sale'". BBC News. 26 August 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/2217149.stm. Retrieved 9 August 2011. "The airline also last year dismissed its chief executive amid fraud allegations, after Lagos-London flights were suspended over fears about the safety of aircraft leased." 
  22. ^ "Nigeria hits rock bottom". Flightglobal.com. Airline Business. 1 August 1998. http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/1998/08/01/39887/nigeria-hits-rock-bottom.html. Retrieved 21 May 2011. "Nigeria Airways' revenue dwindled after the May 1997 ban by the UK Civil Aviation Authority on Nigerian registered aircraft." 
  23. ^ "London-Lagos air links to restart". BBC News. 29 September 1998. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/183140.stm. Retrieved 21 May 2011. 
  24. ^ "BA resumes Nigeria flights". BBC News. 29 July 1998. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/141933.stm. Retrieved 21 May 2011. 
  25. ^ "Nigeria airways takes off for London". BBC News. 20 November 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1667182.stm. Retrieved 21 May 2011. 
  26. ^ "Britain Stops Nigeria Airways from Returning to Lagos-London Flight". People's Daily. 17 August 2001. http://english.people.com.cn/english/200108/17/eng20010817_77522.html. Retrieved 21 May 2011. "The British aviation authorities Thursday admitted here that it has prevented Nigeria Airways from returning to the Lagos-London route scheduled for Thursday, due to safety concerns over the use of a Boeing 747 plane leased from Air Djibouti." 
  27. ^ Graham Dunn (25 November 2010). "AB25: Births, deaths and marriages". Flightglobal.com. Airline Business. http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/11/25/350227/ab25-births-deaths-and-marriages.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. "Nigeria Airways stops flights (2003)" 
  28. ^ Kerry Ezard (9 May 2006). "Arik aims to shake up Nigeria". Flightglobal.com. Flight International (London). http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2006/05/09/206469/arik-aims-to-shake-up-nigeria.html. Retrieved 14 August 2011. "Arik has moved into the former headquarters building of defunct Nigeria Airways in Lagos..." 
  29. ^ a b "AIR TRANSPORT..." (pdf). Flight International: 741. 27 May 1971. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1971/1971%20-%200840.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. "Nigeria Airways has taken delivery of a new Boeing 707-320C which will eventually replace the 707 at present on lease from Ethiopian Airlines. Nigeria Airways has been advertising for 707-qualified crews, although it still has on contract VC10 crew members who have been retained since the airline's VC10 was lost in November 1969." 
  30. ^ "The last VC10 delivered" (pdf). Flight International: 292. 26 February 1970. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1970/1970%20-%200332.html. Retrieved 14 August 2011. "Since April 1964 BOAC VC10s have operated services for Nigeria Airways, which bought one from the Corporation last October; this was recently lost in the first VC10 crash." 
  31. ^ "707 for Nigeria" (pdf). Flight International: 238. 12 August 1971. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1971/1971%20-%201478.html. Retrieved 14 August 2011. "Nigeria Airways put its new Boeing 707-320C into service between London and Lagos last week. The aircraft replaces one wet-leased for the past 18 months from Ethiopian Airlines." 
  32. ^ "AIR TRANSPORT..." (pdf). Flight International: 6. 2 July 1970. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1970/1970%20-%201172.html. Retrieved 14 August 2011. "Nigeria Airways has just begun services on the London-Lagos route with its 707-320C, wet leased from Ethiopian Airlines. The airline had previously leased a Laker 707 on an ad hoc basis." 
  33. ^ "Airliner market" (pdf). Flight International: 103. 15 January 1977. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1977/1977%20-%200113.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. "Nigeria Airways will shortly take delivery of a second McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30." 
  34. ^ "AIR TRANSPORT" (pdf). Flight International: 1299. 30 October 1976. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1976/1976%20-%202483.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. "Nigeria Airways last week took delivery of a DC-10-30." 
  35. ^ "AIR TRANSPORT" (pdf). Flight International: 796. 24 September 1983. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1983/1983%20-%201758.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. "Nigeria Airways' first A310 makes its maiden take-off" 
  36. ^ Keith Bradsher (20 July 1989). "Troubled History of the DC-10 Includes Four Major Crashes". The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE0D91E39F933A15754C0A96F948260&scp=17&sq=nigeria%20airways&st=cse. Retrieved 19 July 2011. 
  37. ^ a b c Günter Endres (4 October 1995 – 10 October 1995). "New broom sweeps Nigeria Airways". Flight International (London): 12. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1995/1995%20-%202821.html. Retrieved 21 May 2011. 
  38. ^ "AIR TRANSPORT" (pdf). Flight International: 1761. 18 December 1976. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1976/1976%20-%202978.html. Retrieved 22 May 2011. "Lufthansa is leasing a Boeing 727-200 to Nigeria Airways until the end of March." 
  39. ^ a b "World Airline Directory – Nigeria Airways" (pdf). Flight International: 103. 30 March 1985. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1985/1985%20-%200963.html. Retrieved 30 March 2011. 
  40. ^ a b "AIR COMMERCE... – BREVITIES" (pdf). Flight International: 524. 28 September 1961. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%201420.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. "Nigeria Airways have confirmed their order for five Fokker Friendship 200s, with an option on a further two, for delivery in December 1962 and January 1963. The aircraft will replace the company's five DC-3s and provide the additional capacity needed for the expansion of Nigeria Airways' domestic and regional routes." 
  41. ^ a b "Airliner market" (pdf). Flight International: 2158. 16 December 1978. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%203247.html. Retrieved 15 August 2011. "Fokker-VFW reports the sale of two F.28 Mk 4000s to Nigeria Airways, for delivery in May and June 1979. The carrier already operates six F.28 Mk 2000s." 
  42. ^ "BOAC steps in" (pdf). Flight International: 71. 16 July 1970. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1970/1970%20-%201283.html. Retrieved 14 August 2011. "It had bought the VC10 from BOAC." 
  43. ^ "Accident record for Nigeria Airways". Aviation Safety Network. 10 August 2011. http://aviation-safety.net/database/dblist.php?sorteer=datekey_desc&kind=%&cat=%&page=1&field=Operatorkey&var=5596. Retrieved 11 August 2011. 
  44. ^ Accident description for 5N-ABD at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 9 August 2011.
  45. ^ "NO PAY-OUT" (pdf). Flight International: 40. 9 July 1970. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1970/1970%20-%201224.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. "The VC10 crashed on November 20 with the loss of 87 lives." 
  46. ^ "FATAL ACCIDENTS ON PUBLIC TRANSPORT 1969" (pdf). Flight International: 85. 15 January 1970. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1970/1970%20-%200109.html. Retrieved 14 August 2011. 
  47. ^ "Air transport... – First VC10 accident" (pdf). Flight International: 830. 27 November 1969. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1969/1969%20-%203284.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. "The aircraft had been sold to Nigeria Airways by BOAC on October 1 and two former senior BOAC captains were on the flight deck at the time of the accident." 
  48. ^ Accident description for JY-ADO at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 29 June 2011.
  49. ^ a b c "ASN Aircraft accident Fokker F-28 Fellowship 1000 5N-ANA Kano International Airport (KAN)". Aviation Safety Network. 6 April 2008. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19780301-1. Retrieved 1 April 2011. 
  50. ^ a b c "Airline accidents" (pdf). Flight International: 680. 11 March 1978. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%200382.html. Retrieved 1 April 2011. "Eighteen people were killed when an F.28 of Nigeria Airways, 5N-ANA, and a Nigerian Air Force trainer collided on final approach into Kano Airport on March 1. There were two crew in the trainer and four crew and 12 passengers in the F.28." 
  51. ^ Accident description for 5N-ANF at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 15 August 2011.
  52. ^ "Nigeria shake-up in wake of crash" (pdf). Flight International: 6. 18 May 1985. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1985/1985%20-%201476.html. Retrieved 15 August 2011. 
  53. ^ "Airline flight safety: 1983 reviewed – FATAL ACCIDENTS: REGIONAL AND COMMUTER AIRLINES" (pdf). Flight International: 286. 28 January 1984. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1984/1984%20-%200186.html. Retrieved 15 August 2011. 
  54. ^ Accident description for C-GMXQ at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 1 April 2011.
  55. ^ "Catastrophe aérienne de Djeddah: 261 morts.". Le Monde. 13 July 1991. http://www.lemonde.fr/web/recherche_breve/1,13-0,37-534131,0.html. Retrieved 1 April 2011. 
  56. ^ Accident description for 5N-ABK at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 11 August 2011.
  57. ^ "AIRLINE SAFETY REVIEW 1994 – FATAL ACCIDENTS: NON-PASSENGER FLIGHTS" (pdf). Flight International: 39. 18 January 1994 – 24 January 1994 [sic]. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1995/1995%20-%200150.html. Retrieved 11 August 2011. 
  58. ^ "Air Algerie crash in UK kills five" (pdf). Flight International: 4. 4 January 1995 – 10 January 1995. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1995/1995%20-%200006.html. Retrieved 11 August 2011. "There were three deaths among the five crew of a Nigeria Airways Boeing 707 (5N-ABK) freighter which crashed near Hadeja in northern Nigeria on 19 December, 1994, en route from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, to Kano, Nigeria." 
  59. ^ "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-2F9 5N-AUA Kaduna Aiport (KAD)". Aviation Safety Network. 27 November 2008. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19951113-0. Retrieved 21 May 2011. 
  60. ^ "AIRLINE SAFETY REVIEW – Fatal accidents: scheduled passenger services" (pdf). Flight International: 26. 17 January 1996 – 23 January 1996. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1996/1996%20-%200150.html. Retrieved 21 May 2011. 
  61. ^ "American Airlines MD-83 crashed on approach". Flightglobal.com. Flight International. 22 November 1995. http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/1995/11/22/23200/american-airlines-md-83-crashed-on-approach.html. Retrieved 21 May 2011. "At least eight people died when a Nigeria Airways Boeing 737-200A skidded off the runway during a landing run at Kaduna, Nigeria, on 13 November. The aircraft was inbound on a domestic flight from Jos, with 130 people on board. It landed at 07.00 local time in reduced visibility, but slewed off the runway - causing a wing to hit the ground." 
  62. ^ Incident description at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 29 June 2011.
  63. ^ "ASN Aircraft accident Fokker F-27 Friendship 200 5N-AAX Jos Airport (JOS)". Aviation Safety Network. 23 May 2011. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19710404-0. Retrieved 23 May 2011. 
  64. ^ "ASN Aircraft accident Fokker F-28 Fellowship 1000 PH-FPT Port Harcourt Airport (PHC)". Aviation Safety Network. 25 May 2011. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19720919-0. Retrieved 25 May 2011. 
  65. ^ Accident description for 5N-AAW at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 9 August 2011.
  66. ^ "1977 first nine-month statistics – NON-FATAL INCIDENTS: SCHEDULED FLIGHTS" (pdf). Flight International: 1215. 22 October 1977. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1977/1977%20-%203193.html. Retrieved 9 August 2011. 
  67. ^ Accident description for 5N-ANR at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 14 August 2011.
  68. ^ Accident description for 5N-ANW at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 14 August 2011.
  69. ^ Accident description for 5N-ANX at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 14 August 2011.
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  • Nigeria Airways Flight 2120 — C GMXQ, the aircraft involved in the accident, is seen here at Faro Airport. (1989) Accident summary …   Wikipedia

  • Virgin Nigeria Airways — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Virgin Nigeria Airways Airbus A330 de Virgin Nigeria …   Wikipedia Español

  • Virgin Nigeria Airways — Infobox Airline airline=Virgin Nigeria logo=Virgin Nigeria logo.png logo size=200 IATA=VK ICAO=VGN callsign=VIRGIN NIGERIA parent= founded=2004 headquarters=Lagos, Nigeria key people=CEO Conrad Clifford hubs=Murtala Mohammed International Airport …   Wikipedia

  • Virgin Nigeria Airways — Virgin Nigeria Airways …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Virgin Nigeria Airways — Limited (code AITA : VK ; code OACI : VGN) est une compagnie aérienne basé à Ikeja, Nigeria et réalise des vols domestiques, regionaux et internationaux. Son hub est l aéroport Murtala Mohammed International Airport à Lagos. Elle a …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Nigeria — Federal Republic of Nigeria (engl.) Njíkötá Óchíchìiwù Naíjíríà (Igbo) Àpapọ̀ Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà (Yoruba) جمهورية نيجيريا (Haussa) Republik Federaal bu Niiseriya (Fulfulde) Bundesrepublik Nigeria …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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