Periodic acid-Schiff stain

Periodic acid

Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) is a staining method used to detect glycogen and other polysaccharides in tissues. The reaction of periodic acid oxidizes the diol functional groups in glucose and other sugars, creating aldehydes that react with the Schiff reagent to give a purple-magenta color. A suitable basic stain is often used as a counterstain.

Uses

Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma histopatholgy, PAS stain.

Esophageal candidiasis, PAS stain.

PAS staining is mainly used for staining structures containing a high proportion of carbohydrate macromolecules (glycogen, glycoprotein, proteoglycans), typically found in e.g. connective tissues, mucus, the glycocalyx, and basal laminae.

PAS staining can be used to assist in the diagnosis of several medical conditions:

• Glycogen storage disease (versus other storage disorders)
• Paget's disease^[1]
• Alveolar soft part sarcoma ^[2]
• staining macrophages in Whipple's disease^[3]
• It can be used to diagnose α1-antitrypsin deficiency if periportal liver hepatocytes stain positive.
• aggregates of PAS positive lymphocytes are present in epidermis in Mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome, called Pautrier microabscesses.
• erythroleukemia, a leukemia of immature red blood cells. These cells stain a bright fuchsia.^[4]
• Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
• Fungal infection, the cell walls of fungi stain magenta. This only works on living fungi; in contrast, Grocott's methenamine silver stain(GMS) will stain both living and dead fungal organisms.

Presence of glycogen can be confirmed on a section of tissue by using diastase to digest the glycogen from a section, then comparing a diastase digested PAS section with a normal PAS section. The diastase negative slide will show a magenta staining where glycogen is present within a section of tissue. The slide that has been treated with diastase will lack any positive PAS staining in those locations on the slide

PAS staining is also used for staining cellulose. One example would be looking for implanted medical devices composed of nonoxidized cellulose.

If the PAS stain will be performed on tissue, the recommended fixative is 10% neutral-buffered formalin or Bouin solution. For blood smears, the recommended fixative is methanol. Glutaraldehyde is not recommended because free aldehyde groups may be available to react with the Schiff reagent, which may result in false positive staining.^[5]

See also

• PAS diastase
• Methyl violet
• Prussian blue
• Egyptian Blue
• Methyl blue
• Methylene blue
• New methylene blue
• Han Purple
• Potassium ferrocyanide
• Potassium ferricyanide
• Gentian violet
• Eosin
• Fluorescein
• Carboxyfluorescein
• Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)
• Fluorescein amidite (FAM)
• Erythrosine
• Rose Bengal
• DyLight Fluor, a product line of fluorescent dyes
• Fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, a biochemistry laboratory test
• Laser dyes

References

1. ^ Thomas J. Lawton (27 April 2009). Breast. Cambridge University Press. pp. 55–. ISBN 9780521881593. http://books.google.com/books?id=z17R70VGhnsC&pg=PA55. Retrieved 16 November 2010. 
2. ^ (Ladanyi et al 2002
3. ^ C. Hauser (29 August 2005). Mayo Clinic Gastroenterology and Hepatology Board Review. CRC Press. pp. 108–. ISBN 9780203502747. http://books.google.com/books?id=nStxzRQlNaAC&pg=PA108. Retrieved 16 November 2010. 
4. ^ http://www.answers.com/topic/leukemia-stains-1
5. ^ Carson, Freida L.; Hladik, Christa (2009). Histotechnology: A Self-Instructional Text (3 ed.). Hong Kong: American Society for Clinical Pathology Press. pp. 137–139. ISBN 9780891895817. 

External links

• PAS Reaction

This science article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Staining Science stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу Ocee Qintar Look at other dictionaries: Schiff test — The Schiff test invented [ Eine neue Reihe organischen Diaminen H. Schiff Justus Liebigs Ann Chemie 140, 92 137 1866 ] and named after Hugo Schiff is a chemical test for the detection of aldehydes [ Histology, cell and tissue biology 5th Ed.,… …   Wikipedia stain — 1. To discolor. 2. To color; to dye. 3. A discoloration. 4. A dye used in histologic and bacteriologic technique. 5. A procedure in which a dye or combination of dyes and reagents is used to color the constituents of cells and tissues. For… …   Medical dictionary Schiff — Hugo, German chemist in Florence, 1834–1915. See S. base, S. reagent, Kasten fluorescent S. reagents, under reagent, periodic acid S. stain, ninhydrin S. stain for proteins. Moritz, German physiologist, 1823–1896. See S. Sherrington phenomenon …   Medical dictionary Silver stain — A silver stain (GMS) demonstrating the fungus histoplasma (black round balls) in a liver biopsy. Silver staining is the use of silver to selectively alter the appearance of the target. Contents …   Wikipedia Masson's trichrome stain — of rat airway. Connective tissue is stained blue, nuclei are stained dark red/purple, and cytoplasm is stained red/pink. Masson s trichrome is a three colour staining protocol used in histology. The recipes evolved from Claude L. Pierre Masson s… …   Wikipedia Jones' stain — is a methenamine silver periodic acid Schiff stain used in pathology. It stains for basement membrane.One of its uses is to view the spiked GBM associated with Membranous Glomerulonephritis …   Wikipedia J. F. A. McManus — Joseph Forde Anthony McManus, (July 13, 1911 ndash; March 4, 1980) was a Canadian pathologist who is best known for his formulation of one of the most frequently used stains in histopathology; the McManus Periodic acid Schiff stain. Joe McManus… …   Wikipedia Reagent — A substance used to produce a chemical reaction to detect, measure, produce, etc. other substances. * * * Any substance added to a solution of another substance to participate in a chemical reaction. [Mod. L. reagens] amino acid r. a r. used in… …   Medical dictionary Charles Philippe Leblond — Charles Philippe Leblond, Canadian biologist Born February 5, 1910 Lille, France …   Wikipedia Auramine O — Canary Yellow redirects here. For the color, see Yellow. Auramine O, also called Basic yellow 2, Pyocatanium aureum, aizen auramine, Pyoktanin Yellow, Canary Yellow, Pyoktanin, or C.I. 41000, is a diarylmethane dye used as a fluorescent stain. In …   Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”