DyLight Fluor

	Color	mass (g/mol)	Absorb (nm)	Emit (nm)	ε (M-1cm-1)
DyLight 350	violet	874	353	432	15,000
DyLight 405	violet	793	400	420	30,000
DyLight 488	green	1011	493	518	70,000
DyLight 550	yellow	982	562	576	150,000
DyLight 594	orange	1078	593	618	80,000
DyLight 633	red	1066	638	658	170,000
DyLight 650	red	1008	654	673	250,000
DyLight 680	far-red	950	692	712	140,000
DyLight 755	near-IR	1092	754	776	220,000
DyLight 800	near-IR	1050	777	794	270,000
Reference: [1] [2]

The DyLight Fluor family of fluorescent dyes are produced by Dyomics in collaboration with Thermo Fisher Scientific.^[3] DyLight dyes are typically used in biotechnology and research applications as biomolecule, cell and tissue labels for fluorescence microscopy, cell biology or molecular biology.

Historically, fluorophores such as fluorescein, rhodamine, Cy3 and Cy5 have been used in a wide variety of applications. These dyes have limitations for use in microscopy and other applications that require exposure to an intense light source such as a laser, because they photobleach quickly (however, lifetimes can be increased at least 10 fold using oxygen scavenging). DyLight Fluors have comparable excitation and emission spectra and are claimed to be more photostable, brighter, and less pH-sensitive. The excitation and emission spectra of the DyLight Fluor series covers much of the visible spectrum and extends into the infrared region, allowing detection using most fluorescence microscopes, as well as infrared imaging systems.^{[1] [2]}

To use the DyLight Fluors with fluorescent imagers, use a spectral line of the blue laser diode for DyLight 405, a cyan (488 nm) laser for DyLight 488, a green (526 nm) laser for DyLight 550 and 594, and a red (633 nm) laser for DyLight 633 and 650. The DyLight 680, 755 and 800 fluors are compatible with laser- and filter-based infrared imaging instruments that emit in the 700 nm, 750 nm and 800 nm region of the spectrum, respectively.

DyLight protein labeling (e.g. antibodies) implicates photometric determination of the labeling efficiency with minimal sample amounts. Specialized nano-volume photometer^[4] offer the possibility to determine protein concentration as well as incorporation of DyLight with submicroliter volumes (starting with 0.3 µl).

DyLight Fluors are synthesized through sulfonate addition to coumarin, xanthene (such as fluorescein and rhodamine), and cyanine dyes. Sulfonation makes DyLight dyes negatively charged and hydrophilic. DyLight Fluors are commercially available as reactive succinimidyl-esters for labeling proteins through lysine residues, and as maleimide derivatives for labeling proteins through cysteine residues. Antibodies conjugated are also available (by Thermo Fisher Scientific, Jackson Immunoresearch^[5], Rockland Immunochemicals, Inc.^[6], AbD Serotec^[7],KPL^[8], Biocare Medical^[9] and Abcam^[10]).

Similar lines of fluorescent dyes provide an alternative to the DyLight Dyes (see also the list in Category:Fluorescent dyes).

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "DyLight Reactive Dyes". Pierce Protein Research Products. 2008. http://www.piercenet.com/Products/Browse.cfm?fldID=9AA97866-4822-4AFE-B36D-49F7E1D7D653. Retrieved 2008-12-09. 
2. ^ ^{a b} "DyLight Fluors - Technology and Product Guide". Pierce Protein Research Products. 2011. http://http://www.piercenet.com/products/browse.cfm?fldID=7CA91C60-5056-8A76-4E9D-E3594A87AAA5. Retrieved 2011-10-14. 
3. ^ "Fisher Biosciences Collaborates with Dyomics to Add Fluorescent Reagents for Protein Research". Press release (BNET). 2006-01-09. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_/ai_n15989483. Retrieved 2008-12-09. 
4. ^ Kartha, R. Spectrophotometric Quantification of Nano- and Standard-Volume Samples, (2008, October 7), American Biotechnology Laboratory, http://www.iscpubs.com/Media/PublishingTitles/b0608kar.pdf
5. ^ "DyLight New Fluorescent Dyes". Jackson Immunoresearch. 2008. http://www.jacksonimmuno.com/technical/DyLight.asp. Retrieved 2008-12-11. 
6. ^ "DyLight properties". Rockland Immunochemical. 2007. http://www.rockland-inc.com/objects/catalog/product/extras/12834_600-141-098.pdf. Retrieved 2008-12-09. 
7. ^ "AbD Serotec, a division of MorphoSys, signed an agreement to use Thermo Scientific's DyLight fluorescent dyes". BNET Business Network. 2007-04-15. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6656/is_1_16/ai_n29344653?tag=content;col1. Retrieved 2008-12-11. 
8. ^ "Thermo Fisher Scientific,KPL Sign Technology Agreement". Thermo Fisher Scientific. 2008. http://www.piercenet.com/Objects/View.cfm?type=Page&ID=8C5C0B78-90B6-4A5E-9F19-322A56951A75. Retrieved 2008-12-11. 
9. ^ Fluorescent Detection. Biocare Medical.2010. http://www.biocare.net/fluorescent-antibodies.html Retrieved 2010-01-08.
10. ^ "DyLight secondary antibodies". Abcam. 2010. http://www.abcam.com/index.html?pageconfig=resource&rid=12934. Retrieved 2010-08-12.