Ratatouille (film)

Ratatouille
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Brad Bird
Produced by	Brad Lewis
Screenplay by	Brad Bird
Story by	Jan Pinkava Brad Bird Jim Capobianco
Starring	Patton Oswalt Lou Romano Ian Holm Janeane Garofalo Peter O'Toole Brian Dennehy Peter Sohn Brad Garrett Will Arnett
Music by	Michael Giacchino
Cinematography	Sharon Calahan Robert Anderson
Editing by	Darren Holmes Stan Webb
Studio	Pixar
Distributed by	Walt Disney Pictures
Release date(s)	June 29, 2007 (2007-06-29)
Running time	111 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$150 million[1]
Box office	$623,722,818[2]

Ratatouille (French pronunciation: [ʁatatuj], English: /rætəˈtuːiː/) is a 2007 American computer-animated film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures. It is the eighth film produced by Pixar, and was directed by Brad Bird, who took over from Jan Pinkava in 2005. The title refers to a French dish (Ratatouille) which is served in the film, and is also a play on words about the species of the main character. The film stars the voices of Patton Oswalt as Remy, a rat who is interested in cooking; Lou Romano as Linguini, a young garbage boy who befriends Remy; Ian Holm as Skinner, the head chef of Auguste Gusteau's restaurant; Janeane Garofalo as Colette, a rôtisseur at Gusteau's restaurant; Peter O'Toole as Anton Ego, a restaurant critic; Brian Dennehy as Django, Remy's father and leader of his clan; Peter Sohn as Emile, Remy's brother; Brad Garrett as Auguste Gusteau, a recently deceased chef; and Will Arnett as Horst, the sous-chef at Gusteau's restaurant.

The plot follows Remy, a rat who dreams of becoming a chef and tries to achieve his goal by forming an alliance with a Parisian restaurant's garbage boy. Ratatouille was released on June 29, 2007 in the United States, to both critical acclaim and box office success, and later won the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, among other honors.

Plot

Remy is a teenaged rat gifted with some highly developed senses of taste and smell. Inspired by his idol, the recently deceased chef Auguste Gusteau, Remy's dream is to be a chef. However, he is tasked by his dad to sniff out rat poison for his clan. When the clan is forced to abandon its home, Remy is separated and ends up in the sewers of Paris. Remy has hallucinations of Gusteau and takes his advice before finding himself at the skylight overlooking the kitchen of Gusteau's restaurant.

As Remy watches, Alfredo Linguini, a son of Gusteau's "old flame," is hired as a garbage boy by Skinner, the restaurant's current owner and Gusteau's former sous-chef. When Linguini spills a pot of soup and attempts to recreate it, Remy inadvertently falls into the kitchen and corrects the soup. He is caught by Linguini at the same time that Skinner catches Linguini near the soup. Linguini catches Remy and misdirects the chef's attention from him, whilst taking arguments from the chef. While arguing, the soup is served and found to be a success. Colette Tatou, the staff's only female chef, convinces Skinner to retain Linguini, who is misattributed with the soup's creation. Linguini is told to get rid of the rat discreetly, but when he discovers Remy's comprehension and intelligence, he takes Remy home, realizing he is the "little chef" behind the soup.

Remy discovers that he can control Linguini's movements by pulling his hair.

Remy and Linguini find a means to overcome the inability to communicate, as Remy can control Linguini like a marionette by pulling on his hair. Safely hidden under a toque blanche, Remy helps Linguini demonstrate his cooking skills to Skinner. At that, Skinner assigns Colette to train their new cook into the profession and the restaurant's practices. Although she is initially intimidating owing to the struggles she had with the profession's hostility to female entrants, Colette soon warms up to her protege as he respectfully learns under her.

Suspicious of Linguini's newfound talents, Skinner learns that the boy is Gusteau's son and proper heir to the restaurant; this would foil Skinner's plan to use Gusteau's name for marketing microwave dinners. Remy discovers Skinner's evidence and, after eluding Skinner, brings them to Linguini, who removes Skinner. The restaurant continues to thrive, and Linguini and Colette develop a budding romance, leaving Remy feeling left out. One night, Remy finds his brother Emile searching for food behind the restaurant, and is brought back to the pack to be reunited. Despite his father Django's objections, Remy returns to help Linguini.

Restaurant critic Anton Ego, whose previous review cost Gusteau's one of its star ratings (and ultimately the chef's life) announces he will be re-reviewing the restaurant the following evening. After an argument between Remy and Linguini, Remy leads a raid on the restaurant's pantries. Linguini catches them and throws them out. Skinner, who is now aware of Remy's gourmet skills, captures Remy in an attempt of using him to create a new line of frozen foods for him, but Emile, witnessing this event, rushes home to get Django. Remy is freed by Django and Emile, and he returns to the restaurant only to find Linguini had experienced a real problem. Everyone was relying on him to cook the food he did before, but without Remy he could cook nothing. Linguini, spotting the rat, apologizes to him, and shows the rat to the rest of the staff. The staff then walks out because they believe Linguini is insane. Colette later returns after recalling Gusteau's motto, "Anyone can cook" in a local book shop.

As the restaurant fills up with anxious diners, Django arrives with the rest of the pack, offering to help after seeing his son's determination. Remy directs the rats to cook for the patrons while Linguini runs the front of the house. Unfortunately, the health inspector bursts in, ready to inspect but finds a bunch of rats. Some rats take care of him (they have him bound and gagged and thrown into the giant pantry) and the others get to work cooking. For Anton, Remy and Colette create a variation of ratatouille which brings back to Anton memories of his mother's cooking. Skinner, after tasting the same dish, bursts into the kitchen in a fit of pique, discovers the rats' involvement in the cooking, and is summarily thrown in the pantry along with the health inspector that had arrived earlier in the evening. After dining, Anton requests to see the chef; Linguini and Colette wait until the rest of the diners have left to introduce Remy and the rats to Anton. Anton writes a self-castigating and glowing review for the newspaper the next day, stating that Gusteau's chef is "nothing less than the finest chef in France."

Despite the positive review, Gusteau's is closed down due to the rodent infestation, and Anton loses credit as a critic. However, Anton becomes an investor and eagerly helps fund a popular new bistro, "La Ratatouille", created by Linguini, Remy and Colette, featuring a kitchen designed for Remy to work in, and dining areas for both humans and rats alike.

Voice cast

Main characters

• Patton Oswalt as Remy, a rat. He strives to serve a grander purpose in life. Director Brad Bird chose Oswalt to voice after hearing his food-related comedy routine. Remy was named after director Brad Bird's dog, an American Hairless Terrier.^[3]
• Lou Romano as Alfredo Linguini, the son of Auguste Gusteau. He is hired as the restaurant's kitchen cleaner, but befriends Remy in the process.
• Janeane Garofalo as Colette Tatou, Gusteau's rôtisseur. She is assigned to tutor Linguini in cooking.
• Ian Holm as Skinner, a diminutive chef and owner of Auguste Gusteau's restaurant. He plans to use Gusteau's name to market a line of microwaveable meals. Skinner's behaviour, diminutive size, and body language are loosely based on Louis de Funès.^[4]
• Peter O'Toole as Anton Ego, a restaurant critic. He openly dislikes Auguste Gusteau's methods and opinions. Ego's appearance was modeled after Louis Jouvet.^[5]
• Brad Garrett as Auguste Gusteau (whose first name and last name are anagrams of each other). The once greatest chef in France until his death by heartbreak caused by Anton Ego's negative review of his restaurant. Many reviewers believe that Gusteau is inspired by real-life chef Bernard Loiseau, who committed suicide after media speculation that his flagship restaurant, La Côte d'Or, was going to be downgraded from three Michelin stars to two.^[6] La Côte d'Or was one of the restaurants visited by Brad Bird and others in France.^[7]
• Brian Dennehy as Django, the father of Remy and Emile. His name is never mentioned in the film. Dennehy, during the 1980s, had previously worked with Disney on films Never Cry Wolf and The Man from Snowy River II.
• Peter Sohn as Emile, Remy's older brother, who does not share his brother's passion for cooking and eats whatever he could find out of the garbage.

Other characters

• Will Arnett as Horst, Skinner's German sous chef.
• Julius Callahan as Lalo, Gusteau's saucier and poissonnier. Callahan also voices François, Skinner's advertising executive.
• James Remar as Larousse, Gusteau's garde manger.
• John Ratzenberger as Mustafa, Gusteau's head waiter.
• Teddy Newton as Talon Labarthe, Skinner's lawyer. Labarthe bears resemblance to French actor Jean Reno.
• Tony Fucile as Pompidou, Gusteau's patissier. Fucile also voices the health inspector.
• Jake Steinfeld as Git, a former lab rat and member of Django's colony.
• Brad Bird as Ambrister Minion, Anton Ego's butler.
• Stéphane Roux as the narrator of the cooking channel.
• Thomas Keller as male dining patron.^[8]
• Jen Herrmann as female dining patron.

Production

Jan Pinkava came up with the concept and directed the film from 2001, creating the original design, sets and characters and core storyline.^[9] Lacking confidence^[10] in Pinkava's story development, Pixar management replaced him with Bird in 2005.^[11][12][13] Bird was attracted to the film because of the outlandishness of the concept and the conflict that drove it: that rats feared kitchens, yet a rat wanted to work in one.^[3] Bird was also delighted that the film could be made a highly physical comedy,^[11] with the character of Linguini providing endless fun for the animators.^[14] Bird rewrote the story, with a change in emphasis. He killed off Gusteau, gave larger roles to Skinner and Colette,^[15] and also changed the appearance of the rats to be less anthropomorphic.^[16]

Because Ratatouille is intended to be a romantic, lush vision of Paris, giving it an identity distinct from previous Pixar films,^[11] director Brad Bird, producer Brad Lewis and some of the crew spent a week in the city to properly understand its environment, taking a motorcycle tour and eating at five top restaurants.^[7] There are also many water-based sequences in the film, one of which is set in the sewers and is more complex than the blue whale scene in Finding Nemo. One scene has Linguini wet after jumping into the Seine to fetch Remy. A Pixar employee (Shade/Paint Dept Coordinator Kesten Migdal) jumped into Pixar's swimming pool wearing a chef's uniform and apron to see which parts of the suit stuck to his body and which became translucent from water absorption.^[17]

Food design

The film's take on the traditional ratatouille dish was designed by gourmet Thomas Keller, and later came to be known as confit byaldi.

A challenge for the filmmakers was creating computer-generated food animations that would appear delicious. Gourmet chefs in both the U.S. and France were consulted^[16] and animators attended cooking classes at San Francisco-area culinary schools^[8] to understand the workings of a commercial kitchen. Sets/Layout Dept Manager Michael Warch, a culinary-academy trained professional chef prior to working at Pixar, helped teach and consult animators as they worked. He also prepared dishes used by the Art, Shade/Paint, Effects and Sets Modeling Departments.^[18][19] Renowned chef Thomas Keller allowed producer Brad Lewis to intern in his French Laundry kitchen. For the film's climax, Keller designed a fancy, layered version of the title dish for the rat characters to cook, which he called "confit byaldi" in honor of the original Turkish name.^[8] The same sub-surface light scattering technique that was used on skin in The Incredibles was used on fruits and vegetables,^[20] while new programs gave an organic texture and movement to the food.^[21] Completing the illusion were music, dialogue, and abstract imagery representing the characters' mental sensations while appreciating food. The visual flavor metaphors were created by animator Michel Gagné inspired by the work of Oscar Fischinger and Norman McLaren.^[22] To create a realistic compost pile, the Art Department photographed fifteen different kinds of produce, such as apples, berries, bananas, mushrooms, oranges, broccoli, and lettuce, in the process of rotting.^[23]

Character design

According to Pixar designer Jason Deamer, "Most of the characters were designed while Jan [Pinkava] was still directing... He has a real eye for sculpture."^[24] For example, according to Pinkava, the critic Anton Ego was designed to resemble a vulture.^[25] Rat expert Debbie Ducommun (a.k.a. the "Rat Lady") was consulted on rat habits and characteristics.^[26] A vivarium containing pet rats sat in a hallway for more than a year so animators could study the movement of the animals' fur, noses, ears, paws, and tails as they ran.^[20] The cast members strove to make their French accents authentic yet understandable. John Ratzenberger notes that he often segued into an Italian accent.^[7]

To save time, human characters were designed and animated without toes.^[27] Despite this, the movie had such high design values that the human characters were even given burn marks on their forearms, as if they had received them from the kitchen stoves.

Music

Ratatouille
Soundtrack album by Michael Giacchino
Released	June 26, 2007
Recorded	2005-2007
Genre	Classical
Length	62:23
Label	Walt Disney
Producer	Michael Giacchino
Pixar soundtrack chronology
Cars (2006) Ratatouille (2007) WALL-E (2008)

Brad Bird reteamed with Michael Giacchino on the score for Ratatouille since they got along well during the scoring of The Incredibles. Giacchino had written two themes for Remy, one about his thief self and the other about his hopes and dreams. He also wrote a buddy theme for both Remy and Linguini that plays when they're together. In addition to the score, Giacchino wrote the main theme song, "Le Festin", about Remy and his wishes to be a chef. Camille was hired to perform "Le Festin" after Giacchino listened to her music and realized she was perfect for the song; as a result, the song is sung in French in all versions of the film.

The music for Ratatouille gave Giacchino his first Academy Award nomination for Best Original Score as well as his first Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album. Giacchino returned to Pixar to score their 2009 blockbuster Up.

No.	Title	Length
1.	"Le Festin" (performed by Camille)	2:50
2.	"Welcome to Gusteau's"	0:38
3.	"This Is Me"	1:41
4.	"Granny Get Your Gun"	2:01
5.	"100 Rat Dash"	1:47
6.	"Wall Rat"	2:41
7.	"Cast of Cooks"	1:41
8.	"A Real Gourmet Kitchen"	4:18
9.	"Souped Up"	0:50
10.	"Is It Soup Yet?"	1:16
11.	"A New Deal"	1:56
12.	"Remy Drives a Linguini"	2:26
13.	"Colette Shows Him le Ropes"	2:56
14.	"Special Order"	1:58
15.	"Kiss & Vinegar"	1:54
16.	"Losing Control"	2:04
17.	"Heist to See You"	1:45
18.	"The Paper Chase"	1:44
19.	"Remy's Revenge"	3:24
20.	"Abandoning Ship"	2:55
21.	"Dinner Rush"	5:00
22.	"Anyone Can Cook"	3:13
23.	"End Creditouilles"	9:16
24.	"Ratatouille Main Theme"	2:09
25.	"Advertising Space" (performed by Robbie Williams)	4:37

Release

Ratatouille's world premiere was on June 22, 2007 at Los Angeles' Kodak Theater.^[28] The commercial release was one week later, with the Academy Award nominated short film Lifted preceding Ratatouille in theaters.^[29] A special pre-release of the film was shown at the Harkins Cine Capri Theater in Scottsdale, Arizona on June 16, 2007 at which a Pixar representative was present to collect viewer feedback.

Marketing

The trailer for Ratatouille debuted with the release of its immediate predecessor, Cars. It depicts an original scene where Remy is caught on the cheese trolley in the restaurant's dining area sampling the cheese and barely escaping the establishment, intercut with separate scenes of the rat explaining directly to the audience why he is taking such risks. Similar to most of Pixar's teaser trailers, the scene was not present in the final film release.

A second trailer was released on March 23, 2007.^[30] The Ratatouille Big Cheese Tour began on May 11, 2007, with cooking demonstrations and a film preview.^[31] Voice actor Lou Romano attended the San Francisco leg of the tour for autograph signings.^[32]

The front label of the planned Ratatouille wine to have been promoted by Disney, Pixar, and Costco, and subsequently pulled for its use of a cartoon character.

Disney and Pixar were working to bring a French-produced Ratatouille-branded wine to Costco stores in August 2007, but abandoned plans because of complaints from the California Wine Institute, citing standards in labeling that restrict the use of cartoon characters to avoid attracting under-age drinkers.^[33]

In the United Kingdom, in place of releasing a theatrical trailer, a theatrical commercial featuring Remy and Emile was released in cinemas prior to its release to discourage obtaining pirated films.^[34] Also in the United Kingdom, the main characters were used for a theatrical commercial for the Nissan Note, with Remy and Emile watching an original commercial for it made for the "Surprisingly Spacious" ad campaign and also parodying it respectively.^[35]

Disney/Pixar were concerned that audiences, particularly children, would not be familiar with the word "ratatouille" and its pronunciation. The title was therefore also spelt phonetically within trailers and on posters.^[36][37] For similar reasons, in the American release of the film, on-screen text in French was printed in English, such as the title of Gusteau's cookbook and the sign telling kitchen staff to wash their hands, though in the British English release, these are rendered in French. In Canada, the film was released theatrically with text in English, but on DVD, the majority of the text (including Gusteau's will) was in French.

Home media

Ratatouille was released on high-definition Blu-ray Disc and DVD in North America on November 6, 2007.^[38] One of the special features on the disc is a new animated short film featuring Remy and Emile entitled Your Friend the Rat, in which the two rats attempt to entreat the (human) viewer to welcome rats as their friends, demonstrating the benefits and misconceptions of rats towards humanity through several historical examples. The eleven minute short uses 3D animation, 2D animation, live action and even stop motion animation, a first for Pixar.^[39]

The disc also includes a CG short entitled Lifted. This is the short that aired before the film during its theatrical run. It depicts an adolescent extraterrestrial attempting to abduct a sleeping human. Throughout the sequence, he is graded by an adult extraterrestrial in a manner reminiscent of a driver's licensing exam road test. The entire short contains no dialogue (which is typical of Pixar Shorts not based on existing properties). Also included among the special features deleted scenes, a featurette featuring Brad Bird discussing filmmaking and Chef Thomas Keller discussing culinary creativity entitled "Fine Food and Film", and four easter eggs. Although the Region 1 Blu-ray edition has a French audio track, the Region 1 DVD does not, except for some copies marked as for sale only in Canada.

It was released in DVD on November 6, 2007, and earned 4,919,574 units (equivalent to $73,744,414) on its first week (Nov. 6–11, 2007) during which it topped the DVD charts. In total it sold 12,531,266 units ($189,212,532) becoming the second best-selling animated DVD of 2007, both in terms of units sold and sales revenue, behind Happy Feet.^[40]

Reception

Brad Bird with his second Academy Award for Best Animated Feature

Box office

In its opening weekend in North America, Ratatouille opened in 3,940 theaters and debuted at No.1 with $47 million,^[41] the lowest Pixar opening since A Bug's Life. However, in France, where the film is set, the film broke the record for the biggest debut for an animated film.^[42] In the UK, the film debuted at No.1 with sales over £4million.^[43] The film has grossed $206,445,654 in the United States and Canada and a total of $623,722,818 worldwide, making it the fifth highest grossing Disney·Pixar film now, just behind Toy Story 3, Finding Nemo, Up and The Incredibles.^[44]

Critical reaction

Ratatouille received universal critical acclaim. On film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, Ratatouille has a 96% rating from a sample of 205 reviews,^[45] while it has a Metacritic score of 96 based on 37 reviews indicating "universal acclaim", which in June 2009 was the seventh-highest of all scores on the website.^[46]

Ratatouille was nominated for five Oscars including Best Animated Feature Film, which it won. At the time, the film held the record for the greatest number of Oscar nominations for a computer animated feature film, breaking the previous record held by Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo and The Incredibles at four nominations, but tied with Aladdin for any animated film. In 2008, WALL-E surpassed that record with 6 nominations. Now, Ratatouille is tied with Up for animated film with the second greatest number of Oscar nominations. Beauty and the Beast still holds the record for most Oscar nominations (also 6) for a traditional hand-drawn animated film.

A. O. Scott of The New York Times called Ratatouille "a nearly flawless piece of popular art, as well as one of the most persuasive portraits of an artist ever committed to film"; echoing the character Anton Ego in the film, he ended his review with a simple "thank you" to the creators of the film.^[47] Richard Roeper gave the film a very positive review saying it's "a very interesting film, it's working on a very different level." Both Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times (giving the movie a perfect four stars) and Jeffrey Lyons from NBC's Reel Talk said in their reviews that they loved the film so much, they are hoping for a sequel.^[48][49] Reaction to the film in France was also extremely positive.^[50][51] Thomas Sotinel, film critic at the daily newspaper Le Monde, hailed Ratatouille as "one of the greatest gastronomic films in the history of cinema".^[52] Several reviews noted that Anton Ego's critique at the end of the movie could be taken, and at least in one case was taken, such as Roger Moore, who gave the film 3/5 stars,^[53] as "a slap on the wrist" for professional critics.^[54][55]

Top ten lists

The film appeared on many critics' top ten lists of the best films of 2007.^[56]

1st — Michael Sragow, The Baltimore Sun 1st — Best Animation, Rotten Tomatoes[57] 1st — Best Film, users at Rotten Tomatoes[58] 1st — Gene Seymour, Newsday[59] 1st — Mike McStay, Socius.or.kr 2nd — A.O. Scott, The New York Times 2nd — Carina Chocano, Los Angeles Times 2nd — Joe Morgenstern, The Wall Street Journal 3rd — Jack Mathews, New York Daily News 3rd — Lawrence Toppman, The Charlotte Observer 3rd — Noel Murray, The A.V. Club 3rd — Peter Hartlaub, San Francisco Chronicle 4th — Empire 4th — Kirk Honeycutt, The Hollywood Reporter 4th — Liam Lacey and Rick Groen, The Globe and Mail 4th — Michael Phillips, Chicago Tribune 5th — Ella Taylor, LA Weekly

5th — Lou Lumenick, New York Post 5th — Nathan Rabin, The A.V. Club 5th — Scott Foundas, LA Weekly 6th — Jonathan Rosenbaum, Chicago Reader (tied with 11 other films) 6th — Kyle Smith, New York Post 6th — Michael Rechtshaffen, The Hollywood Reporter 6th — Shawn Levy, The Oregonian 6th — Stephanie Zacharek, Salon 6th — Ty Burr, The Boston Globe 8th — Glenn Kenny, Premiere 9th — Dana Stevens, Slate 9th — David Edelstein, New York magazine (tied with Persepolis) 10th — Kenneth Turan, Los Angeles Times 10th — Wesley Morris, The Boston Globe

Accolades

Main article: List of accolades received by Ratatouille

The film was nominated for five Academy Awards including Best Original Score, Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing, Best Original Screenplay and Best Animated Film, which it lost to Atonement, The Bourne Ultimatum and Juno, respectively, winning only the last one.^[60] Furthermore Ratatouille was nominated for 13 Annie Awards including twice in the Best Animated Effects, where it lost to Surf's Up, and three times in the Best Voice Acting in an Animated Feature Production for Janeane Garofalo, Ian Holm, and Patton Oswalt, where Ian Holm won the nomination.^[61] It won the Best Animated Feature Award from multiple associations including the Chicago Film Critics,^[62] the National Board of Review,^[63] the Annie Awards,^[61] the Broadcast Film Critics,^[64] the British Academy of Film and Television (BAFTA), and the Golden Globes.^[65]

Similar films

If magazine described Ratatoing, a 2007 Brazilian computer graphics cartoon by company Vídeo Brinquedo, as a "ripoff" of Ratatouille.^[66] Marco Aurélio Canônico of Folha de S. Paulo described Ratatoing as a derivative of Ratatouille. Canônico discussed whether lawsuits from Pixar would appear. The Brazilian Ministry of Culture posted Marco Aurélio Canônico's article on its website.^[67] In the end, Pixar reportedly did not seek legal action.

References

1. ^ Michael Cieply (April 24, 2007). "It's Not a Sequel, but It Might Seem Like One After the Ads". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/24/movies/24orig.html. 
2. ^ "Ratatouille (2007)". Box Office Mojo. Amazon.com. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=ratatouille.htm. Retrieved August 4, 2010. 
3. ^ ^{a b} Drew McWeeny (May 21, 2007). "Moriarty Visits Pixar To Chat With Brad Bird And Patton Oswalt About RATATOUILLE!". Ain't It Cool News. http://www.aintitcool.com/node/32729. Retrieved May 21, 2007. 
4. ^ "Ratatouille, le film" (in French). Telemoustique. August 8, 2007. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071211061319/http://www.telemoustique.be/cps/rde/xchg/tm/hs.xsl/magazine_ratatouille.html?archive_numero=4254. Retrieved December 22, 2007. 
5. ^ "Louis De Funès, Louis Jouvet, Charles De Gaulle... Le jour de gloire est arrivé. Et au diable les « freedom fries » !" (in French). Lesoir.be. August 1, 2007. http://www.lesoir.be/culture/cinema/louis-de-funes-louis-jouvet-2007-08-01-542527.shtml. Retrieved December 22, 2007. 
6. ^ Molly Moore and Corinne Gavard (August 14, 2007). "A Taste of Whimsy Wows the French". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/13/AR2007081300990.html. Retrieved August 14, 2007. 
7. ^ ^{a b c} "Parlez-vous Francais". Yahoo!. May 22, 2007. http://movies.yahoo.com/summer-movies/Ratatouille/1808490293/trailers/8/381. Retrieved May 23, 2007. 
8. ^ ^{a b c} Stacy Finz (June 28, 2007). "Bay Area flavors food tale: For its new film 'Ratatouille,' Pixar explored our obsession with cuisine". San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/06/28/MNGGIQNA7M1.DTL. Retrieved June 29, 2007. 
9. ^ Leo N. Holzer (June 29, 2007). "Pixar cooks up a story". The Reporter. http://www.thereporter.com/billboard/ci_6260970. Retrieved June 29, 2007. 
10. ^ Steve Daly. "Brad Bird cooks up "Ratatouille"". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20166944_20166964_20043277_2,00.html. 
11. ^ ^{a b c} Bill Desowitz (April 25, 2007). "Brad Bird Offers an Early Taste of Ratatouille". Animation World Magazine. http://mag.awn.com/?article_no=3258. Retrieved May 22, 2007. 
12. ^ Jim Hill (June 28, 2007). "Why For did Disney struggle to come up with a marketing campaign for Pixar's latest picture? Because the Mouse wasn't originally supposed to release "Ratatouille"". Jim Hill Media. http://jimhillmedia.com/blogs/jim_hill/archive/2007/06/28/toon-thursday-why-did-disney-struggle-to-come-up-with-a-ratatouille-marketing-campaign-because-the-mouse-wasn-t-supposed-to-release-this-particular-pixar-film.aspx. Retrieved July 1, 2007. 
13. ^ Germain, David (June 26, 2007). "Pixar Perfectionists Cook `Ratatouille'". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/26/AR2007062601251.html. Retrieved January 15, 2008. 
14. ^ "Linguini a la Carte". Yahoo!. May 22, 2007. http://movies.yahoo.com/summer-movies/Ratatouille/1808490293/trailers/8/381. Retrieved May 23, 2007. 
15. ^ Helen O'Hara (June 28, 2007). "First Look: Ratatouille". Empire. p. 62. 
16. ^ ^{a b} Scott Collura & Eric Moro (April 25, 2007). "Edit Bay Visit: Ratatouille". IGN. http://uk.movies.ign.com/articles/783/783392p1.html. Retrieved May 22, 2007. 
17. ^ "The Technical Ingredients". Official site. http://disney.go.com/disneypictures/ratatouille/main.html. Retrieved May 23, 2007. 
18. ^ "Cooking 101". Official site. http://disney.go.com/disneypictures/ratatouille/main.html. Retrieved May 23, 2007. 
19. ^ Kim Severson (June 13, 2007). "A Rat With a Whisk and a Dream". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/13/dining/13rata.html?ex=1339387200&en=988ed2df8b9bcdb4&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss. Retrieved June 30, 2007. 
20. ^ ^{a b} Anne Neumann (April 25, 2007). "Ratatouille Edit Bay Visit!". Comingsoon.net. http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=19939. Retrieved May 21, 2007. 
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External links

• Official website
• Ratatouille at the Internet Movie Database
• Ratatouille at the Big Cartoon DataBase
• Ratatouille at Rotten Tomatoes
• Ratatouille at Metacritic
• Ratatouille at Box Office Mojo
• The Art of Making Pixar's Ratatouille (rat•a•too•ee) Interviews with Harley Jessup, Sharon Calahan and Brad Bird accompany an article on the making of the film.
• Oscar-Nominee Ratatouille: When the Cascade Doesn't Quite Take Effect