Melarsoprol

Melarsoprol

Systematic (IUPAC) name
(2-(4-(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-ylamino)phenyl)- 1,3,2-dithiarsolan-4-yl)methanol
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	?
Routes	IV
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Metabolism	?
Half-life	35 hours
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
CAS number	494-79-1 Y
ATC code	P01CD01 QP51AD04
PubChem	CID 10311
ChemSpider	9889 Y
UNII	ZF3786Q2E8 N
KEGG	D00832 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL166 Y
Chemical data
Formula	C12H15AsN6OS2
Mol. mass	398.341 g/mol
SMILES	eMolecules & PubChem
InChI InChI=1S/C12H15AsN6OS2/c14-10-17-11(15)19-12(18-10)16-8-3-1-7(2-4-8)13-21-6-9(5-20)22-13/h1-4,9,20H,5-6H2,(H5,14,15,16,17,18,19) Y Key:JCYZMTMYPZHVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
N(what is this?)  (verify)

Melarsoprol (INN) is a medicinal drug used in the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis.^[1] It is also sold under the trade names “Mel B” and “Melarsen Oxide-BAL.”

Melarsoprol is also used in the treatment of trypanosomiasis, such as Chagas disease and West African sleeping sickness, the former caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and the latter by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense.

Side effects

Being a toxic organic compound of arsenic, melarsoprol is a highly dangerous treatment which is only administered by injection under the supervision of a physician, as it can produce similar effects as arsenic poisoning.

It is known to cause a range of side effects including convulsions, fever, loss of consciousness, rashes, bloody stools, nausea, and vomiting. It is fatal in and of itself in around 8% of cases.^[2]

Alternatives

Eflornithine is a more modern and far less dangerous treatment for sleeping sickness,^[3] but it is expensive, it is not widely available on the market, and most of its supply comes from donations from its manufacturer. Moreover, eflornithine is effective only for West African sleeping sickness (caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense); it has no effect on East African sleeping sickness (caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense).

References

1. ^ Bisser S, N'Siesi FX, Lejon V et al. (2007). "Equivalence trial of melarsoprol and nifurtimox monotherapy and combination therapy for the treatment of second-stage Trypanosoma brucei gambiense sleeping sickness". J. Infect. Dis. 195 (3): 322–9. doi:10.1086/510534. PMID 17205469. 
2. ^ Bulletin of the World Health Organization vol.84 no.10 Genebra Oct. 2006 - Melarsoprol versus eflornithine for treating late-stage Gambian trypanosomiasis in the Republic of the Congo.
3. ^ Chappuis F, Udayraj N, Stietenroth K, Meussen A, Bovier PA (2005). "Eflornithine is safer than melarsoprol for the treatment of second-stage Trypanosoma brucei gambiense human African trypanosomiasis". Clin. Infect. Dis. 41 (5): 748–51. doi:10.1086/432576. PMID 16080099. 

This antiinfective drug article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Health in Africa Antiprotozoal agents Triazines Arsenic heterocycles Alcohols Aromatic amines Anilines Antiinfective agent stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая? Springbrook High School Countries affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake Look at other dictionaries: Mélarsoprol — Général Nom IUPAC (2 (4 ((4,6 diamino 1,3,5 triazin 2 yl)amino)phenyl) 1,3,2 dithiarsolan 4 yl)methanol No …   Wikipédia en Français Melarsoprol — Nombre (IUPAC) sistemático …   Wikipedia Español melarsoprol — ▪ drug       antiprotozoal drug formerly used in the treatment of late stage African trypanosomiasis ( sleeping sickness). Melarsoprol is an organoarsenic compound that was discovered in 1949. Its ability to cross the blood brain barrier made it… …   Universalium Melarsoprol — Strukturformel Allgemeines Freiname Melarsoprol Andere Namen …   Deutsch Wikipedia melarsoprol — Used in the treatment of the meningoencephalitic stages of trypanosomiasis; may produce a fatal reactive encephalopathy. * * * me·lar·so·prol me lar sə .prȯl n a drug C12H15AsN6OS2 used in the treatment of trypanosomiasis esp. in advanced stages …   Medical dictionary MEL B — melarsoprol …   Medical dictionary MEL B — • melarsoprol …   Dictionary of medical acronyms & abbreviations 494-79-1 — Mélarsoprol Mélarsoprol Général Nom IUPAC (2 (4 ((4,6 diamino 1,3,5 triazin 2 yl)amino)phenyl) 1,3,2 dithiarsolan 4 yl)methanol …   Wikipédia en Français C12H15AsN6OS2 — Mélarsoprol Mélarsoprol Général Nom IUPAC (2 (4 ((4,6 diamino 1,3,5 triazin 2 yl)amino)phenyl) 1,3,2 dithiarsolan 4 yl)methanol …   Wikipédia en Français Sleeping sickness — MedlinePlus = 001362 eMedicineSubj = med eMedicineTopic = 2140 MeshID = D014353 Sleeping sickness or human African trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disease of people and animals, caused by protozoa of species Trypanosoma brucei and transmitted by… …   Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2025 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”