- Mongolian gazelle
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Mongolian gazelle 
Conservation status Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Bovidae Subfamily: Antilopinae Genus: Procapra Species: P. gutturosa Binomial name Procapra gutturosa
(Pallas, 1777)The Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa), or Zeren, is a medium-sized antelope native to the semi-arid Central Asian steppes of Mongolia, as well as some parts of Siberia and China. The name zeren is Russian corruption of the Mongolian language name of zeer.
In the summer its coat is light brown with pinkish tones, becoming longer and paler during the winter. They also have a distinctive heart-shaped white patch on their rump area, divided by a median line of darker color. The males have lyre-shaped horns which curl backwards from the forehead. They are extremely fast runners and good swimmers.
In the winter they are mostly diurnal, but in the summer they are active shortly after sunrise and before sunset. They tend to travel a lot, and migrations takes place in spring and autumn, but the distance and direction varies depending on the weather and food availability.
The groups usually consists of 20-30 individuals in the summer, and 100 in the winter. However, herds up to 5,000 individuals are not unusual. They still exist in large numbers with a small captive population, the population trend is unknown. In 2007, a mega-herd of a quarter of a million Mongolian gazelles was seen gathering on the country's steppes, one of the world's last great wildernesses.[2]
The mating season is in the late autumn or winter, at this time the males' throat swells in a goiter-like effect. Competition is vigorous, but fights rarely breaks out. The gestation period lasts for about 5 or 6 months. Birth occurs is June and July, when groups of dozens of females separate from the herd to give birth, rejoining the herd afterward. They usually give birth to a single young and occasionally twins. They weigh about 3 kg and can keep up with their mother after a few days. They will be able to mate after 17 - 18 months.
The Mongolian Gazelle is still one of the most numerous large animals in the world, with the total population at about 1.5 million individuals, but approximately 100,000 were killed each year. However it does not seems to be hit particularly hard and the conservation status is at Least Concern. It is unknown whether the population is increasing or decreasing, but it is known that the population is subject to significant fluctuations due to diseases and severe winters.
Gallery
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Mongolian gazelle dead of drought
References
Notes
- ^ Mallon, D.P. (2008). Procapra gutturosa. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 29 March 2009. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of least concern.
- ^ BBC: Largest herd of gazelles sighted
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