Pedicure

A pedicure is a way to improve the appearance of the feet and the nails. It provides a similar service to a manicure. The word pedicure refers to superficial cosmetic treatment of the feet and toenails. A pedicure can help prevent nail diseases and nail disorders.

Pedicures are not just limited to nails; usually dead skin cells on the bottom of feet are rubbed off using a rough stone called a pumice stone. Additionally, leg care below the knee became a common and now expected service included in pedicures. Leg care includes depilation via either shaving or waxing followed by granular exfoliation, application of moisturizing creams, and a brief leg massage.

Etymology

The word pedicure is derived from the Latin words pedis, which means "of the foot," and cura, which means "care."

History

People have been manicuring their nails for more than 4,000 years. In southern Babylonia, noblemen used solid gold tools to give themselves manicures and pedicures. The use of fingernail polish can be traced back even further. Originating in China in 3000 BC, nail color indicated one’s social status, according to a Ming Dynasty manuscript; royal fingernails were painted black and red. Ancient Egyptians have been manicuring all the way back to 2300 BC.

A depiction of early manicures and pedicures was found on a carving from a pharaoh’s tomb, and the Egyptians were known for paying special attention to their feet and legs. The Egyptians also colored their nails, using red to show the highest social class. It is said that Cleopatra’s nails were painted a deep red, whereas Queen Nefertiti went with a flashier ruby shade. In ancient Egypt and Rome, military commanders also painted their nails to match their lips before they went off to battle.

Pedicures in the United States

The pedicure industry began to noticeably grow in 2000. There were approximately 50,000 nail salons located throughout the United States (US) then, compared to nearly 100,000 nail salons today.^{[citation needed]} This was largely driven by the full-service salon. Pedicure has high growth rates compared to other industries:^{[citation needed]}.

Pedicures themselves take approximately 45 minutes to an hour. This results in extremely high equivalent hourly fees and thus an increase in GDP grew from $2 billion to $6 billion between the year 2000 and 2004.

Economic impact

According to the US Department of Labor,^[1] manicure and pedicure specialists earned a median income of around $24,000 in 2006.^{[citation needed]} Most professionals earn an hourly wage or salary which can be augmented through customer tips. Independent nail techs depend on repeat business and consistent business to earn their livings. The most successful independent manicure technicians may earn salaries of over $50,000 per year.^{[citation needed]} Similar salaries can be earned by skilled pedicure techs working in exclusive and high end spas and salons.

Tools and nail cosmetics

Pedicure

Tools

• Acetone
• Cotton balls
• Cuticle cream
• Cuticle pusher or Cuticle nipper
• Foot bath
• Lotion
• Nail file
• Nail polish
• Orangewood sticks
• Toenail clippers
• Towels
• Pedicure Spa
• Pumice stone (removes dead skin from sole of foot)
• Paper towels (rolled between toes to separate them)

Nail cosmetics

• Base coat
• Cuticle creams
• Cuticle oil
• Cuticle remover
• Dry nail polish
• Liquid nail polish
• Nail bleach
• Nail conditioner
• Nail dryer
• Nail polish remover
• Nail polish thinner

References

1. ^ http://www.bls.gov
2. ^ "Manicure Pedicure Designs & Tips". Femo.pk. http://femo.pk/manicure-pedicure-designs-tips/. Retrieved 2010-11-01. 

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External links

• Pedicure Soothes and Tingles, Leaving Manliness Intact, New York Times, April 2006
• Preventing Pedicure Foot Spa Infections, The United States Environmental Protection Agency