Church of the Crossroads

Church of the Crossroads
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Church of the Crossroads
Nearest city:	Honolulu, Hawaii
Coordinates:	21°17′56″N 157°49′28″W / 21.29889°N 157.82444°W / 21.29889; -157.82444Coordinates: 21°17′56″N 157°49′28″W / 21.29889°N 157.82444°W / 21.29889; -157.82444
Area:	2.25 acres (9,100 m2)
Built:	1935
Architect:	Claude A. Stiehl
Architectural style:	Hawaiian style
Governing body:	Private
NRHP Reference#:	92001551[1]
Added to NRHP:	20 November 1992

The Church of the Crossroads building at 1212 University Avenue in Honolulu, Hawaii was designed in 1935 by Claude A. Stiehl, who combined features of Asian, European, and Hawaiian architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.^[1] The buildings on the attractively landscaped 2.25-acre (9,100 m²) lot are built of wood, stucco, and stone with decorative elements. The interior courtyard is surrounded by covered walkways that connect the main sanctuary with offices, meeting halls, and a small seminar room. The red columns throughout the complex were inspired by the Summer Palace and Temple of Heaven in Beijing, China.^[2] At the raised front end of the classic, cross-shaped nave are an altar of Philippine mahogany and four wood carvings with symbols of Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism.^[3]

The eclectic architecture of the church buildings well reflect the varied ethnicity of the congregation, whose founders in 1923 formed the first racially mixed Protestant congregation in the Territory of Hawaii. Its charter members were students from a parochial school, Mid-Pacific Institute, which was founded to Americanize and evangelize local-born children, and from a public school, President William McKinley High School, where two-thirds of the students in 1930 were Japanese Americans. Among its first leaders were a handful of Caucasian American educational evangelists with strong ties to Asia and Hawaii.^[4] Its first pastor (1923–1946) was Galen R. Weaver, a graduate of Ohio State University and Union Theological Seminary in New York who had originally planned to become a missionary in China.^[5]

After meeting during its early years at Mission Memorial Hall, across the street from the Kawaiahao Church and Mission Houses (but later taken over by the City), the congregation began raising funds and looking for its own site. By 1929, the membership of 174 included 64 of Japanese descent, 63 of Chinese, and 47 of other local ethnicities. Few were over 30 years old, but they managed to buy and improve a parcel of land on University Avenue, within walking distance of Mid-Pacific Institute, for $20,000. By the time the building was finished, the project cost almost $50,000, $40,000 of which came from major local benefactors. It was dedicated in December 1935.^[6]

• 

  Back end of nave

• 

  Loggia leading to front entrance

• 

  University Avenue side of church lot

• 

  Banyan planted in 1935‎ by Wo Sing Ho

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2009-04-27. http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/natreg/docs/All_Data.html. 
2. ^ Sandler, Mehta, and Haines 2008, p. 65
3. ^ Hemphill 1988, p. 32
4. ^ Hemphill 1988, pp. 4-5
5. ^ Hemphill 1988, pp. 21-22
6. ^ Hemphill 1988, pp. 28-29

• Hemphill, Betty, with Robert F. Hemphill (1988). The Crossroads Witness. Honolulu: Church of the Crossroads.
• Sandler, Rob, Julie Mehta, and Frank S. Haines (2008). Architecture in Hawai‘i: A Chronological Survey, new edition. Honolulu: Mutual Publishing.