- Potassium citrate
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Potassium citrate tripotassium citrateIdentifiers CAS number 866-84-2 PubChem 13344 ChemSpider 12775 ChEMBL CHEMBL1200458 Jmol-3D images Image 1 - [K+].[K+].[K+].O=C([O-])CC(O)(C([O-])=O)CC(=O)[O-]
Properties Molecular formula C6H5K3O7 Molar mass 306.395 g/mol Appearance white powder
hygroscopicOdor odorless Density 1.98 g/cm3 Melting point 180 °C[1]
Boiling point 230 °C[1]
Solubility in water soluble Solubility soluble in glycerin
insoluble in ethanol (95%)Hazards LD50 170 mg/kg (IV, dog) (verify) (what is: / ?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)Infobox references Potassium citrate is a potassium salt of citric acid with the molecular formula C6H5K3O7. It is a white, slightly hygroscopic crystalline powder. It is odorless with a saline taste.
As a food additive, potassium citrate is used to regulate acidity and is known as E number E332. Medicinally, it may be used to control kidney stones derived from either uric acid or cystine.
Contents
Uses
Potassium citrate is rapidly absorbed when given by mouth and is excreted in the urine as the carbonate. It is, therefore, effective in reducing the pain and frequency of urination when these are caused by highly acidic urine. It is used for this purpose in dogs and cats, but is chiefly employed as a non-irritating diuretic.
Potassium citrate is an effective way to treat/manage gout and arrhythmia, if the patient is hypokalemic. In common with other substances that render the urine alkaline, it may be used to reduce the danger of crystalluria during sulfonamide therapy.
It is widely used to treat urinary calculi (kidney stones), and is often used by patients with cystinuria. A study of 500 patients with recurrent stones found that it reduced the frequency of stones from 2 per year to a half per year. It is also used in many soft drinks as a buffering agent.
It is also used as an alkanising agent in the treatment of mild urinary tract infections such as cystitis[2]
Administration
Potassium citrate is usually administered by mouth in dilute aqueous solution. This is because of its somewhat caustic effect on the stomach lining, and the potential for other mild health hazards.
The maximum allowable over-the-counter (OTC) dose for elemental potassium is regulated by the FDA to be no more than 100 mg (approximately 3% of the daily allowance).[citation needed] Pure potassium citrate contains 38.28% potassium.
External links
References
Mineral supplements (A12) Calcium Potassium Potassium chloride • Potassium citrate • Potassium hydrogentartrate • Potassium hydrogencarbonate • Potassium gluconateSodium Zinc Magnesium Fluoride Selenium M: NUT
cof, enz, met
noco, nuvi, sysi/epon, met
drug(A8/11/12)
Categories:- Food acidity regulators
- Citrates
- Potassium compounds
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