China National Space Administration

China National Space Administration
China National Space Administration
国家航天局
CNSA.svg
CNSA logo
Owner  China
Established 22 April 1993
Headquarters Beijing, China
Primary spaceport Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
Administrator Chen Qiufa
Budget US$500 million (official); US$1.3 billion (Euroconsult)[1]
Website www.cnsa.gov.cn
China National Space Administration
Traditional Chinese
Simplified Chinese
Cantonese Jyutping Gwok3 Gaa1 Hong4 Tin1 Guk6
Cantonese Yale Gwo Jya Hang Tyan Jyu
Hanyu Pinyin Guó Jiā Háng Tiān Jú

The China National Space Administration (CNSA, Chinese: ; pinyin: Guó Jiā Háng Tiān Jú, literally "National Astronautics Department") is the national space agency of the People's Republic of China responsible for the national space program.[2] It is responsible for planning and development of space activities. CNSA and China Aerospace Corporation (CASC) assumed the authority over space development efforts previously held by the Ministry of Aerospace Industry.

Contents

History

Although China's space program has existed since 1956, CNSA is a relatively new agency created in 1993 when the Ministry of Aerospace Industry was split into CNSA and the China Aerospace Corporation (CASC). The former was to be responsible for policy, while the latter was to be responsible for execution. This arrangement proved somewhat unsatisfactory, as these two agencies were, in effect, one large agency, sharing both personnel and management.[2]

As part of a massive restructuring, in 1998, CASC was split into a number of smaller state-owned companies. The intention appeared to have been to create a system similar to that characteristic of Western defense procurement in which entities which are government agencies, setting operational policy, would then contract out their operational requirements to entities which were government-owned, but not government-managed.[2]

Function

CNSA was established as a government institution to develop and fulfill China's due international obligations, with the approval by the Eighth National People's Congress of China (NPC). The Ninth NPC assigned CNSA as an internal structure of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND). CNSA assumes the following main responsibilities: signing governmental agreements in the space area on behalf of organizations, inter-governmental scientific and technical exchanges; and also being in charge of the enforcement of national space policies and managing the national space science, technology and industry.

Up to now, China has signed governmental space cooperation agreements with Brazil, Chile, France, Germany, India, Italy, Pakistan, Russia, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, the United States and some other countries. Significant achievements have been scored in the bilateral and multilateral and technology exchanges and cooperation.[2]

Administrators of CNSA are appointed by the State Council.

Future missions

FY 2011

  • Tiangong 1 : 9.4 ton "space laboratory module" launched in 2011.
  • Yinghuo 1 : un-manned Mars probe scheduled for launch in 2011. The Russian sample return mission Phobos-Grunt will be sent together with Yinghuo 1.

FY 2013

Space travelers

As of 2011, six Chinese nationals have traveled in space (alphabetical order) :

Administration

The current administrator is Chen Qiufa, appointed in 2010. Jin Zhuanglong and Luo Ge were appointed as vice-administrators in 2005.

List of Administrators

  • April 1993: Liu Jiyuan
  • April 1998: Luan Enjie
  • 2004: Sun Laiyan
  • 2010: Chen Qiufa

Departments

There are four departments under the CNSA:

  • Department of General Planning
  • Department of System Engineering
  • Department of Science, Technology and Quality Control
  • Department of Foreign Affairs

CNSA's logo is a similar design to that of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation.[3] The arrow in middle has a similar shape as the Chinese character 人 which means 'human' or 'people', to state that human is the center of all space explorations. The three concentric ellipses stand for three Escape Velocity (minimum speed needed to move around earth, to escape earth system and to escape the solar system) which are milestones of space explorations. The second ring is drawn with a bold line, to state that China has passed the first stage of exploration (earth system) and is undergoing second stage exploration (within the solar system). The 人 character stands above the three rings to emphasize on humanity's capability to escape and explore. Olive branches were added to state that China's space exploration is peaceful.

See also


References

External links


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

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