List of The Nightmare Before Christmas characters

List of The Nightmare Before Christmas characters
The main characters in The Nightmare Before Christmas from left to right Doctor Finklestein, the Mayor, Sally, Jack, Barrel, Santa Claus, Zero, Lock, Shock and Oogie Boogie.

This article lists characters seen in the film The Nightmare Before Christmas and video games The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King and The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge. A number of these notable characters have also appeared in the Kingdom Hearts series of video games, as well as in the form of action figures and in published books.[1][2] The characters also appear in Haunted Mansion Holiday, a seasonal overlay of Disneyland's Haunted Mansion attraction. The franchise's principal character, Jack Skellington, cameos in the film version of James and the Giant Peach as the "pirate captain"[3] and in an episode of Robot Chicken played by Victor Yerrid.[4]

Contents

Design

The filmmakers constructed 230 puppets to represent the characters in the movie, with Jack Skellington having "around eight hundred heads", allowing the expression of every possible emotion.[5] Sally's mouth movements "were animated through the replacement method. During the animation process,...only Sally's face 'mask' was removed in order to preserve the order of her long red hair. Sally had ten types of faces, each made with a series of eleven expressions (e.g. eyes open and closed, and various facial poses) and synchronised mouth movements."[6]

Main characters

Jack Skellington

The movie's titular character and main protagonist, Jack Skellington is a dreaded nightmarish skeleton with the alias of "The Pumpkin King".[7][8] Under that alias, he is the titular hero of the prequel video game "The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King" and "The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge" . He is popular among the inhabitants of Halloween Town, due to his charming personality and aim to please. Despite a lack of inhibition, he means well. He is in charge of Halloween. Having not left it within many years (as heard in the song Jack's Lament where he mentions England, Kentucky and France), he felt his inspiration for his own holiday waning. Christmas Town gave him new ideas and inspiration. He also appears in Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge.[9]

He is voiced by Chris Sarandon, and his singing voice is provided by Danny Elfman.[10][11]

Sally

Sally
First appearance The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)
Created by Tim Burton
Voiced by Catherine O'Hara (The Nightmare Before Christmas, Attractions),
Kath Soucie (Kingdom Hearts),
Yuko Doi (Japanese)

Sally is A lovely,loving,caring ragdoll. She told Jack that Christmas and Halloween shouldn't be mixed. She is a Dr.Finkelstein-esque ragdoll originally patched together by Doctor Finkelstein. She is the only one to have doubts about Jack's Christmas plan. Although her creator attempts to keep her constantly imprisoned, she often manages escape with deadly nightshade she slips him, causing him to fall asleep. Despite her makeshift appearance, Sally is a determined individual with a good feel for what is right. Fiona Apple provides the vocals for "Sally's Song" on the 2006 special edition of The Nightmare Before Christmas: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, while Amy Lee provides the vocals for "Sally's Song" on Nightmare Revisited. She also appears in Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge.[12]

Sally is a rag doll-type character, with detachable limbs stuffed with fall leaves. She was created by Doctor Finklestein, Halloween Town's resident mad scientist, as a companion. Their relationship is rather tense, as Finklestein insists on keeping Sally under lock and key, under the pretext of protecting her from the excitement of the outside world. However Sally is restless, and is intrigued by the wonders of the outside world.

It is this restlessness, or, more specifically, this desire for something better in her life, that draws her to Jack Skellington. In the beginning of the movie, she idolizes and admires Jack much like any of the other female members of Halloween Town; however, she quickly discovers that they are connected by the desire for something more in their lives, and her feelings for him intensify. The two refer to each other as "friends", though Jack seems unaware of Sally's true feelings for him, as she is too shy to make them known to him other than through her sweet actions, however this could be argued because after Boogi's defeat, Jack and Sally are left alone and Jack sees that Sally tried her best to help him. Thus prompting him to finally realize how much she cares for him.

Bryan Theiss declares that Sally is one of "those rare fantasy characters we can relate to on a certain level as much as we can to real-world characters on a more literal level."[13]

Sally's voice was played by Catherine O'Hara throughout the movie[3][11], and Kath Soucie in the video game spin-offs.

Oogie Boogie

Oogie Boogie
First appearance The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)
Created by Tim Burton
Voiced by Ken Page

Oogie Boogie is the main antagonist of the film. Oogie Boogie is the Boogie Man, resembling a large burlap sack. When Oogie Boogie is defeated, it is revealed that he is a colony of bugs wrapped in sacking.

Oogie Boogie did not appear in Tim Burton's original poem, but Burton later sketched a portrait of what appeared to be a potato sack man with horrible things inside.[14] The Oogie puppet was two feet high, twice the height of the other puppets.[14] In his autobiography Burton on Burton, Burton says that Oogie Boogie was loosely inspired by Cab Calloway's 1932 appearance in a Betty Boop cartoon, and that he asked Danny Elfman to make Oogie's song in "Nightmare" slightly resemble Calloway's 1931 recording of the song "Minnie the Moocher". Elfman ended up referencing the Betty Boop cartoon The Old Man of the Mountain (1933), also featuring Calloway. Santa's line "Well, what are you going to do?" and Oogie Boogie's response of "I'm gonna do the best I can!" are direct quotes from this cartoon. Another idea for Oogie's identity was for him to be Dr. Finklestein in disguise, gaining revenge on Jack and Sally, but it was not pursued past storyboards since Tim Burton scrapped the idea. This is visible on the Special Edition DVD.

Unlike all the other inhabitants of Halloween Town, who are merely monsters who scare people simply because they enjoy it as a celebration of their skill and fun, it appears that Oogie is truly evil. It is suggested that his sadistic nature had resulted in his exile from the mainstream Halloween Town. He lives in an underground lair full of torture devices, each of which features a casino-like appearance. Red skeletons - implied to be the remains of previous victims - are in several of the devices, and overhanging chains are used as perches by skeletal bats. Oogie-Boogie's lair, during his theme song, is lit with black lights in the style of a cheap funhouse. Under these, Oogie himself glows bright green, similar to a glow stick. After the lights dim, however, the bright color is sapped from his lair, transforming its appearance into that of a dank, cellar-like dungeon. Above his lair is the clubhouse of Lock, Shock, and Barrel, who feed him bugs regularly via a metal chute. It is at first believed that Oogie cannot be killed or die but it is later revealed he can be destroyed if his brain, the lead bug, is destroyed. In the movie, Lock, Shock, and Barrel kidnap Santa Claus and (against the wishes of Jack, who held Oogie in great contempt) send him down to Oogie Boogie's lair, where he is bound to a giant roulette wheel. According to deleted song material (found in the soundtrack version), Oogie plans to add "Sandy Claws" to his new batch of Snake and Spider Stew, to "add a little Spice". Sally, after finding out Santa's fate, attempts to rescue him but is captured herself. Oogie then tortures and tries to kill Sally and Santa Claus, but is destroyed when Jack pulls a thread loose from him, which causes the majority of his bugs to fall into the lava pit. The last one is crushed by Santa Claus; however, the true lead bug (apparently the "brain" of Oogie) is later revealed to have escaped to rebuild its body in video game spin-offs of the movie.

In The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King, the video game prequel to TNBC, Oogie's origins and the birth of his rivalry with Jack were revealed. As it turns out, he once had his own holiday, Bug Day, that was (most likely) forgotten by the people of the real world and thus vanished. Unfortunately, Oogie escaped, found Halloween Town and decided that it would be the new Bug Day. He and his army of insects invaded the town and nearly took it over. Jack found out and he defeated the bugs and Oogie. Oogie survived the battle, learned to fear the Pumpkin King, and was banished to his underground lair.

In the 2005 video game The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge, Oogie was resurrected by his henchmen Lock, Shock, and Barrel, who sewed him together. He quickly deceived the residents of Halloween Town and tricked the townspeople into making traps for Jack stating that Jack wouldn't return if they can make an even scarier Halloween for next year. Oogie attempted to become the Seven Holidays King. He successfully kidnapped the real leaders and tried to murder Santa Claus again, but his plans were foiled by Jack. Desperate, Oogie puts up a fight by turning into a gigantic, junk-filled version of himself named "Mega-Oogie", but he is again destroyed.

Oogie appears as one of the Disney Villains allied with Maleficent in the Kingdom Hearts series of video games, swallowing the artificial heart that Jack and Doctor Finklestein created to take control of the Heartless and use them to take over Halloween Town. He tried to destroy Sora, Jack, and the others by trapping them in his giant roulette machine, thus starting a battle. At the end of the battle, his seams split and released all the bugs from inside his body, leaving nothing but his empty sack body and the heart. However, because he had swallowed the heart, the energies inside of it resurrected him, merging him with his manor. However, Sora defeats the boss again, causing Oogie's manor form to crumble into dust. Oogie returns in Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories as a creation from Sora's memories of Halloween Town. He also appeared in Riku's story as a token of the darkness in his heart. Oogie was resurrected by Maleficent in Kingdom Hearts II as part of her plan to take over Christmas Town while making Santa Claus into "Santa Heartless". His fate in the end was similar to his initial fate from the first game, only this time Donald Duck squashed the final bug in the hopes that Oogie would not return (as Santa did in the film). However, as Oogie returns in the film's game sequel, Oogie's Revenge, even after his brain bug was squashed by Santa, his appearance in future Kingdom Hearts titles is still possible. Oogie Boogie is often included as part of the Disney Villains, however he is not officially part of the franchise.

Oogie also appears with other in Disney Halloween events such as the Haunted Mansion Holiday at Disneyland and Tokyo Disneyland, and the fireworks show HalloWishes at the Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World during "Mickey's Not-So-Scary Halloween Party" separate-admission ("hard ticket") event.

Despite the fact that he is shunned for the most part by the other inhabitants of Halloween Town, it appears they still allow him to take part in their celebration, as he makes an appearance in the opening musical, This Is Halloween, as the "shadow on the moon at night, filling your dreams to the brim with fright."

He is voiced by Ken Page in all of his appearances.[15]

Doctor Finklestein

Doctor Finklestein
First appearance The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)
Created by Tim Burton
Voiced by William Hickey (film)
Jess Harnell (video games)

Doctor Finklestein is a resident of Halloween Town, the wheelchair-bound mad scientist and the "father" of Sally. He is a pale-as-a-sheet mad scientist with a duckbill-like mouth and a hinged skullcap that he can open up to reveal his brain. For unknown reasons he uses a motorized wheelchair (early drawings of Finklestein depict him standing freely, and his original action figure followed this example, implying he was not always intended to be a wheelchair user). Finklestein is only referred to as the 'Evil Scientist' in the credits. His true name is only mentioned in the movie when the Mayor calls him up to the front of the line for his Christmas assignment.

Doctor Finklestein lives in a large observatory with his living ragdoll creation, Sally,[16] and his hunchbacked assistant Igor. James Whale's Frankenstein is quoted in Finklestein's line "I made you with my own hands", which is ironic as Finklestein's body appears to be largely if not entirely artificial. Unlike Frankenstein, who takes no responsibility for his creations and disowns them almost as soon as they are completed (much like the original Dr. Frankenstein), Finklestein takes full responsibility over Sally and acts as an over-protective father, and in some ways an overbearing husband (thus explaining Sally's attempts to run away) by keeping her under lock and key under the pretext of sheltering her from the world. In addition to being an overbearing and antagonistic father figure for Sally to overcome, Finklestein also has a hand in helping Jack Skellington (of whom he seems to be very fond) with his plan to take over Christmas by bringing to life several skeletal reindeer to pull Jack's sleigh. At the end of the film, Finklestein, deciding that Sally is too much of a handful, creates a wife for himself using a portion of his own brain.

Dr. Finklestein is featured in The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge. When Jack is tired of doing the same thing at Halloween, Finklestein helps him by giving him the Soul Robber, a weapon that allows Jack to change shape. Jack also tells Dr. Finklestein to watch over the town while he is away. After Oogie Boogie's revival, Finklestein was under Oogie's control by switching his brain to a different one, and created monsters for Oogie to control. Fortunately, Jack was able to put Finklestein's original brain back in place, making Finklestein break from Oogie's control. In the game spin-offs, Finklestein's name is pronounced "steen" instead of "stein".

For some reason, his wife creation "Jewel" is not present in the game, and Sally appears to still be living with him.

Finklestein also appears in Kingdom Hearts and other games in the series. When the Heartless appear in Halloween Town, Jack thinks of adding them to the Halloween celebrations and asks Finklestein for advice. Realizing that the Heartless need a heart, the two find the ingredients for one: pulse and emotion (terror, fear, hope, and despair). Their initial experiment fails, and Finklestein sends Jack off with Sora and the gang to retrieve two more ingredients, memory and surprise, thus completing the heart. However, the heart is stolen by Oogie Boogie. In Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories, created from Sora's memories, Finklestein (creates a potion that allows people to see their true memory. The only problem is that once he sniffed the potion, Heartless appeared. In Kingdom Hearts II, aided by Lock, Shock, and Barrel, Finklestein creates an experiment. As the Experiment has no heart, it goes on a rampage to steal gifts, in an attempt to understand the emotions behind giving and gain a heart of its own. Sadly, Sora and the gang have no choice but to destroy the Experiment.

Finklestein was voiced by the late William Hickey in the film[17] and by Jess Harnell in the video game spin-offs. His Japanese voice is provided by Yūji Mitsuya.

Mayor of Halloween Town

The Mayor of Halloween Town
First appearance The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)
Created by Tim Burton
Voiced by Glenn Shadix

The Mayor is the mayor of Halloween Town. The Mayor is depicted as a short, fat man, who has the appearance of a giant candy corn,wearing an impossibly tall top hat, a spider bolo tie, and a ribbon of office that says "Mayor" on it. His cone-shaped head has two faces. One face is orange-colored, rosy-cheeked, and smiling; the other face is pale, white, and frowning. Depending on the Mayor's mood, his head will swivel around to display the appropriate face with a loud clicking sound; the other face, when not in use, has its eyes closed and is considered dormant. This split personality is likely inspired by Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, and is a literal interpretation of the phrase "two-faced politicians".

Despite his office, the Mayor apparently has very little actual authority in the day-to-day running of the town, especially in planning for Halloween. This is attested when he arrives at Jack Skellington's house to discuss some plans with him, not knowing that Jack is not home. When Jack does not answer, the Mayor quickly gets hysterical and yells, more to himself than anyone, "Jack, please, I'm only an elected official here! I can't make decisions by myself!". Nonetheless, the Mayor seems to enjoy his position. He apparently owns the only automobile in town; a hearse-like car called the "Mayor-mobile" that is equipped with a loudspeaker for making announcements and a black, cat-shaped hood ornament that sounds a siren when its tail is cranked. The Mayor supports Jack and helps him in his quest to bring his own version of Christmas to the world, despite his secret misgivings about it. When Jack is apparently killed by the US Army, the Mayor openly admits he had a bad feeling about "this Christmas thing," and sorrowfully goes off in his Mayor-mobile to make the announcement throughout Halloween Town and the surrounding countryside that "the king of Halloween has been blown to smithereens". Later he is told by Lock, Shock, and Barrel that Jack is in over his head and alive, and comes to retrieve him and Sally after Oogie Boogie has been defeated.

The Mayor of Halloween Town appears in Kingdom Hearts and Kingdom Hearts II. His role in both games is fairly minor. In the first game, he helps Jack and Sora find an ingredient they need for the heart Doctor Finklestein is making. In the second game, he tries to stop two Heartless outbreaks by yelling at the Heartless through his megaphone, but has no success.

In The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge, the Mayor is seen in the opening cut scene, congratulating Jack on another "horrible" Halloween. He is later seen in the level "Mayor's Madhouse", where Jack rescues him from a cage hanging from the roof of his house. While Jack goes to Christmas Town, the Mayor frees the other holiday leaders. Glenn Shadix reprises his role of the Mayor of Halloween Town.

He is voiced by Glenn Shadix in the film, "Oogie's Revenge," and "Kingdom Hearts II"[18] and by Jeff Bennett in "Kingdom Hearts." His Japanese voice actor is Tōru Ōhira.

Lock, Shock and Barrel

Lock, Shock, and Barrel
First appearance The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)
Created by Tim Burton
Voiced by Paul Reubens (Lock)
Catherine O'Hara (Shock)
Danny Elfman (Barrel)

Lock, Shock, and Barrel are introduced as Oogie Boogie's not-so-loyal[19] "little henchmen". They all three are trick-or-treaters, with faces similar to their masks (e.g. Barrel's skeleton mask has a huge grin on it and he has a near-permanent grin). Their names are a play on the phrase, "lock, stock, and barrel." Though not totally antagonistic, they are usually the comedy relief. They appear to be Anti-heroes or merely neutral characters, as they'll work for just about anyone who summons them.

  • Lock is supposedly the leader of Oogie's Boys, but does not think thoroughly and actually appears to be the least intelligent of the three. Lock wears a devil costume; his tail (real tail), his teeth are pointed sharply, his face is narrow and long-jawed, and his hair is formed into two horns making him, literally, a handsome devil. He loves being large and in charge, and gets upset when others insult him or take the lead; however, he goes along with others' ideas if he cannot come up with anything himself.
  • Shock is the most cunning and dangerous, and the only female of Oogie's minions. She has some contempt for the other two for their supposed stupidity. Shock wears a purple witch costume with an elongated hat. She has a high-pitched voice, green skin, a pointed nose, and stringy hair.
  • Barrel is Oogie's "star pupil," and mistakenly considered the most stupid of the three troublemakers, despite his protests to the contrary. He is the butt of many jokes made by his friends but usually gets even through his own tricks at which he always gets away with. Barrel wears a skeleton costume and has deformed feet, but otherwise resembles a small human boy, albeit one with white skin, sunken eyes, and perfectly coiffed green hair. His face is round and has a perpetual grin, except when he is angry. Barrel is usually the pilot of the walking bathtub the trio use as transport. He also unintentionally bothers Jack when asking him a number of annoying questions.

Instructing them to "leave that no-account Oogie Boogie OUT of this!", Jack sends Lock, Shock, and Barrel to "Kidnap the Sandy Claws" (the Halloween Town residents' mistaken name for Santa Claus). At first, they accidentally capture the Easter Bunny, whereupon Jack tells them to apologize and sends them back. They then capture their true quarry. The trio take Santa Claus to Oogie's lair, where Oogie taunts and threatens Santa. Shortly after Jack defeats Oogie and rescues Santa Claus, a hatch above opens and Lock, Shock, and Barrel appear now protagonists, having led the Mayor to Oogie's lair.

In The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King, a sort of prequel to the movie, Oogie Boogie sends Lock, Shock, and Barrel out to nab the new "Pumpkin King"; they come back with Sally instead, saying she looked like Jack in the dark. Throughout the game, they are behind most of the ruckus going on around town, from poisoning the acid pools to drive the leeches crazy and knocking down the town's street lamps to luring Jack into death traps and helping Oogie in the final battle. In The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge, when Jack leaves Halloween Town, Lock, Shock, and Barrel decide to revive Oogie Boogie. In the game, Jack encounters the three one by one. In chapter 15, the threesome try to stop Jack a final time; he defeats them, although they spring a trap and drop him into a maze in Oogie's lair. They do not appear again in the game afterwards.

In Kingdom Hearts, after hearing Jack speak of a heart that can control the Heartless, Oogie sends the three out to steal the heart as his plan to take over Halloween Town. After the three are defeated by Sora, Donald, and Goofy, they confess that Oogie sent them. Later in the game they comment how quiet Halloween town has become without Oogie and consider making a ruckus just to liven things up. In Kingdom Hearts II, Lock, Shock, and Barrel start off working as Doctor Finklestein's assistants, until they encounter Maleficent, who revives Oogie Boogie for them and gives them the "Prison Keeper" Heartless to hold off Sora and company. The monster keeps the children in a cage underneath its body, but swallows one of them to act as its "pilot", each giving the monster a different ability and appearance, ultimately swallowing all three of them attacking Sora and party with its full repertoire. After its defeat, the trio run off and unintentionally reveal Oogie's return. In the second visit, the three are accused of stealing presents after they enter Santa's workshop and are caught looking through gifts. Sora and the party have to fight these mischievous rascals by knocking them unconscious and putting them in boxes. In the end, the three claim that they did not steal the presents, as they regarded Christmas toys as lame and stupid, and it is discovered that it was actually Doctor Finklestein's Experiment. They also cause mischief as obstacles in the Making Presents mini game, before and after the fight with the Experiment. After the battle they run off, not to be seen again.

In the movie, Lock was voiced by Paul Reubens, Shock was voiced by Catherine O'Hara, and Barrel was voiced by Danny Elfman.[20] In the Kingdom Hearts series, Lock was voiced by Jess Harnell, Shock was voiced by Kath Soucie, and Barrel was voiced by Jeff Bennett. In The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge, Paul Reubens reprised the role of Lock, Kath Soucie reprised the role of Shock from the Kingdom Hearts Series, and Dee Bradley Baker voiced Barrel.

Santa Claus

Santa Claus
First appearance The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)
Created by Tim Burton
Voiced by Ed Ivory (The Nightmare Before Christmas)
Corey Burton (Video games)

Santa Claus (or Sandy Claws as Jack calls him) is the leader of Christmas Town. When Jack stumbles upon the town, he becomes mesmerized with the holiday and he tries to bring Christmas to Halloween Town. In order to do so, Jack orders Lock, Shock, and Barrel to kidnap Santa on Christmas Eve so Jack can take his place for the Christmas season. The three then take Santa to Oogie Boogie where the holiday figure's life is threatened. A last minute rescue helps save not only Santa, but the entire holiday of Christmas as well. Santa Claus manages to round up the living gifts and replace them with the right ones.

In The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge, Oogie Boogie targets Santa Claus and leaves him hanging over the tracks for his scissor-tipped Oogie Train to drop him. Santa Claus was saved by Jack Skellington. When Oogie Boogie hijacked Santa's sleigh, Jack lets him use the same sleigh he used when Jack tried to improvise Christmas.

Santa Claus appears in Kingdom Hearts II. Sora, Donald Duck, and Goofy meet Santa Claus when they follow Jack Skellington to Christmas Town. He also made a reference about how Jack Skellington tried to improvise Christmas. Maleficent revives Oogie Boogie and sends him to capture Santa Claus. When Sora defeats Oogie Boogie, Santa tells Jack that he should concentrate on Halloween, and Santa should concentrate on Christmas. He also tells Sora to believe that he will meet Riku again. Later on, Santa's presents get stolen by Dr. Finklestein's Experiment. He helps Jack make decoy presents to attract the Experiment. Jack and company get them back by hiding in a decoy present. After they defeat the Experiment, Santa Claus decides to give Jack a taste of what it's like to deliver Christmas presents. When Jack finishes delivering presents, Santa takes back his sleigh and brings forth beautiful snow drops as a present to those in Halloween Town.

Santa Claus is voiced by Ed Ivory in the movie and by Corey Burton in the video game spin-offs.

Zero

Zero is Jack's faithful ghost-dog who floats about freely and follows Jack wherever he goes. His nose, which is in the shape of a jack-o-lantern, also doubles as a bright light.[21] This he uses to light the way for Jack's Christmas sleigh, in a Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer fashion. He also appears in Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge, along with the prequel video game to the movie "The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King"[22]

Minor characters

Halloween Town residents

  • Band - Accordion, bass, and saxophone zombie players. According to The Nightmare Before Christmas Trading Card Game, the Accordion player is named "Jimmy", the bass player is named "Jim", and the Sax Player is named "James". Jimmy is voiced by L. Peter Callendar (who was never credited for the role), Jim never spoke, and James is voiced by Greg Proops.
  • Behemoth - A tall, fat zombie-like man with blue overalls, yellow gloves, and an axe stuck in his head. He is also rather dumb, but very strong. He likes to shout at bunnies. In The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge, it was shown that Behemoth likes to grow pumpkins. He is voiced by Randy Crenshaw.[3]
  • Clown With The Tear-Away Face - A fat clown who rides a unicycle and can tear off his face to reveal complete darkness and disappear into a puff of smoke. He speaks in a high voice when his face is on, but when it's off, he speaks in a deep, booming voice. He also appears in Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge where Jack finds him the sewers upon his return. The Clown then unlocks the gate so that Jack could proceed to the graveyard. In the residential areas, the Clown's unicycle was out of control causing Jack to use one of Dr. Finklestein's inventions to stop the unicycle.[23] He is voiced by Danny Elfman in the movie[3][11] and by Dee Bradley Baker in the video game spin-off.
  • Corpse Family - A family of zombies. Corpse Dad, Corpse Mom, and Corpse Kid. According to The Nightmare Before Christmas Trading Card Game, Corpse Dad is named "Ned," Corpse Mom is named "Bertha," and Corpse Kid is named "Ethan." Corpse Kid would often be seen in the company of Mummy and Withered Winged Demon. Corpse Kid also appears in Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge where he would ask questions to Jack.[24] Ethan and Bertha are voiced by Debi Durst while Ned is voiced by Kerry Katz.[3]
  • Creature Under the Bed - A monster with sharp teeth and glowing, red eyes. He is only seen once in the whole entire movie. He is voiced by Carmen Twilie.[3]
  • Creature Under the Stairs - A brownish-grey monster with black and white stipes on his neck has fingers resembling snakes and spider-like hair as his line in "This is Halloween" quotes "I am the one hiding under your stairs, fingers like snakes and spiders in my hair!" He is voiced by Kerry Katz.[3]
  • Cyclops - A thin, black, pointy-eared monster with one eye. He is also rather nervous. His voice actor was never credited.
  • Devil - A red devil, complete with horns and a goatee. He is amused by the idea of a Pox being in the box (Christmas present) as suggested by the Harlequin Demon during the town hall meeting song. He is seen working the large saw on the bat toy during the "Making Christmas" song. He is voiced by Greg Proops.[3]
  • Gate Keeper - The keeper of Halloween Town Gate only seen a few times in the film. He is an anthropomorphic raven with yellow suit and a bowler hat.
  • Grim Reaper - A Grim Reaper was seen in "This is Halloween" and at the town meeting. You never see his face and he also carries a scythe.
  • Hanging Tree and Hanging Men - A spirited tree with skeletons hanging from his branches. They also appear in Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge where the skeletons end up separated from the tree.[25] The Hanging Tree's voice actor is never credited in the film, but is voiced by Dee Bradley Baker in the video game spin-off.
  • Harlequin Demon - A monster that attempts to make a hat out of dead rat during the song "Making Christmas". Though Jack voices his opinion and tells him to convert a dead bat into a hat. He is voiced by Greg Proops.[3]
  • Igor - Dr. Finklestein's assistant who enjoys dog bone treats. He is seen giving at the town meeting and later giving Dr. Finklestein the plans for the skeleton reindeer. In The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge, Igor tells Jack Skellington of Dr. Finklestein's strange behavior. Jack later helps Igor when his bone biscuit treats are stolen. His voice actor is uncredited in the film, but was revealed on the Toy Story 3 DVD to have been voiced by Joe Ranft. Rob Paulsen voices him in the video game sequel.
  • Melting Man - A man in a fancy suit who is slowly melting. He has a fascination with turtles as Jack tries to convince him not to have a dead turtle be given to a present. His voice actor is uncredited.
  • Mr. Hyde - A man with little versions of himself in his hat, similar to The Cat in the Hat. They also appear in Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge where they travel with Jack to serve as the Save Points of the game.[26] He is voiced by Randy Crenshaw.[3]
  • Mummy - A tiny mummy child with one yellow eyeball. Mummy is voiced by Sherwood Ball.[3]
  • Shadows - A Demented Shadow who looks like an odd ghostly demon, Wolf Shadow, and female Siamese Twin Shadows who introduce the song "This Is Halloween." The Demented and Wolf shadows have the exact same voice.
  • Skeletal Reindeer - The Skeletal Reindeer were created by Doctor Finklestein in the movie to act as the reindeer that will pull the sleigh. They were broken when the air force shot down Jack's sleigh. In The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge, the Skeletal Reindeer were rebuilt when the sleigh arrives for Santa Claus to use after Oogie Boogie had hijacked Santa's sleigh.
  • Undersea Gal - Referred to once in the film as "The Fabulous Dark Lagoon Creature". She is a cross between a gill-man and a mermaid. Voiced by Carmen Twillie.
  • Vampire Brothers - Four vampires that have umbrellas when moving around in the day. The characters' last appearance in the movie features them playing ice hockey with a small jack-o'-lantern as a puck; a deleted scene on the Collectors' Edition DVD reveals that the puck was originally the severed head of Tim Burton. They also appear in Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge.[27] Jack had to find the bat forms of the Vampire Brothers and return them to their coffins in order to change them back. They are voiced by Randy Crenshaw, Kerry Katz, and Sherwood Ball.[3]
  • Witches - Two witches: one is tall and one is short. While their names aren't given in the movie, the Nightmare Before Christmas trading card game gives them the names "Helgamine" (tall witch) and "Zeldaborne" (short witch) They also appear in The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge where they have a shop near the town hall.[28]. The Big Witch is voiced by Susan McBride in the movie and by Susanne Blakeslee in the video game. The Small Witch is voiced by Debi Durst.[3]
  • Withered Wing Demon - A small demon that uses his large wings to walk. Withered Wing Demon is voiced by Susan McBride.[3]
  • Wolfman - A werewolf that lives in Halloween Town. Voiced by Glenn Walters.[3]

Halloween Town-based Toys

The following toys were created by the citizens of Halloween Town:

  • Jack-in-the-Box - A pumpkin-headed jack-in-the-box and a black cat jack-in-the-box were seen being created by the Clown with the Tear Away Face.
  • Evil Teddy Bear - A vampiritic gift with a big open mouth grin and Mickey Mouse-like ears that Jack gives on Christmas, it flies and chases a little boy and a little girl until the real Santa Claus returns and grabs the teddy. It appears as a common enemy called "Trick" alongside another enemy named "Treat" (a Jack-o'-lantern, thus creating a nod to "trick-or-treat) in The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge.
  • Giant Snake - A large yellow python with black stripes and large mouth. It almost eats Corpse Dad and later it eats a christmas tree.
  • Toy Duck - A yellow evil-looking duck that has a minor part in the song "Making Christmas" being built by the Vampire Brothers. It later chased after some kids until the real Santa Claus returns and grabs the toy duck. The duck is voiced by Greg Proops, but was never credited for the role.

Christmas Town residents

  • Elves - Santa Claus's helpers, who are responsible for preparing the gifts and decorations for Christmas.
  • Reindeers - Animals who fly with magic, driving Santa's sleigh.

Video game enemies

  • Colossal Moth - A huge moth that has super acidic saliva and exhales poisonous fumes.Featured in The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King.
  • Enormous Polly - A large offspring of Rolly Polly. Featured in The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King.
  • Fire King Skeleton and Ice King Skeleton - Two bosses from The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge. Fought in "Fire and Ice Frenzy," these two big skeletons appear to fight Jack after he replaced the Oogie-Doors with the real Holiday Doors. Use the Santa Jack costume to fight the Fire King Skeleton and the Pumpkin King costume to fight the Ice King Skeleton.
  • Giant Snake - An artificial bug-filled snake who is a boss in The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King.
  • Halloween Ghosts - The Halloween Ghosts appear in The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge having been created by Dr. Finklestein at the time when Oogie Boogie tricked the citizens of Halloween Town. They are very fast and great at dodging. Tricking them to come near Jack and sending them into the ground is an easy way to defeat them. They are seen in "Jack's Return" in the Oogie Boogie Shadow battle.
    • King Ghosts - They are stronger than the Halloween Ghosts, but require the same tactics to defeat them.
  • Mega Spider - A Mega Spider is fought three times in The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge. It will shoot cobwebs at Jack and even charge. Its weak spot is the pumpkin shape on its abdomen. If successfully attacked there it will go underground and launch Baby Spiders at Jack. Another type of Mega Spider appears in The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King as the mutated pet of Lock, Shock, and Barrel.
  • Mother Locust - A locust with an abdomen filled with swollen eggs who is a boss in The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King.
  • Oogie Ick - A colossal beetle that serves as Oogie's ride and the final boss in The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King. It acts as a motorcycle-esque mode of transportation for Oogie, Lock, Shock, and Barrel.
  • Oogie Train - A scissor-tipped train who is a boss in The Nightmare Before Christmas. Fought in "Saving Sandy," always change the train tracks to keep this scissor-tipped train from going on the track leading to the rope that is holding Santa Claus up. Keep attacking the Oogie-Train while evading skeletons disguised as snowmen.
  • Rolly Polly - A large but somewhat weak pillbug who is a boss in The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King.
  • Skeletons - In The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge, Oogie Boogie had a bunch of skeletons that served him which were brought to life by Dr. Finklestein at the time when Oogie Boogie tricked the citizens of Halloween Town.
    • Blue Skeletons - The Blue Skeletons are the easiest to defeat. They are slow and have short reaches unless they are mad and spinning.
    • Heat Skeletons - The Heat Skeletons are the most annoying of the enemies Jack fights. They have short reaches, but they can throw boomerangs.
    • Orc Skeletons - They are like the Blue Skeletons except the mad ones wield clubs. Just like the Blue Skeletons, they are slow and have short reaches unless they are mad and spinning.
    • Troll Skeletons - The Troll Skeletons are big and wield big clubs. They can only be grabbed when the Soul Robber is Level 3. If they drop their clubs, use the Soul Robber to throw the clubs at them.
    • King Skeletons - The King Skeletons are also big and wield big axes. The attack on the King Skeletons are the same as Troll Skeletons, with two exceptions. They cannot be grabbed at all, only turned around. They can be only hit while they are growling, or from behind.
  • Zombie Centipede - A huge centipede with wings; brought back from the dead by Oogie. Featured The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Pumpkin King.
  • The Experiment - A robot created by Dr. Finklestein in Kingdom Hearts II, that comes to life and steals gifts.

Marketing

The owners of the franchise have undertaken an extensive marketing campaign of these characters across many media. In addition to the "Haunted Mansion Holiday at Disneyland" featuring "Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas characters,"[29] Jack Skellington, Sally, Pajama Jack, and the mayor have been made into Bendies figures,[30] while Jack and Sally even appear in fine art.[31] Moreover, Sally has been made into an action figure and a Halloween costume.[32] The Mayor has been made into a Bendies figure.[33] Jack is also the titular character in the short story "Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Jack's story."[34]

Oddly enough, Jim Edwards actually contends that "Tim Burton's animated movie The Nightmare Before Christmas is really a movie about the marketing business. The movie's lead character, Jack Skellington, the chief marketing officer (CMO) for a successful company decides that his success is boring and he wants the company to have a different business plan. Some have wondered which real-life company failure the movie is based on: Sergio Zyman's New Coke or Merck's launch and subsequent withdrawal of Vioxx."[35]

Reception

While Yvonne Tasker notes "the complex characterization seen in The Nightmare Before Christmas,"[36] Michael A. Morrison discusses the influence of Dr. Seuss's How the Grinch Stole Christmas on the film, writing that Jack parallels the Grinch and Zero parallels Max, the Grinch's dog.[21] Philip Nel writes that the film "challenges the wisdom of adults through its trickster characters" contrasting Jack as a "good trickster" with Oogie Boogie, whom he also compares with Dr. Seuss's Dr. Terwilliker, as a bad trickster.[37] Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic see the characters as presented in a more negative light and criticise the film's characters as having racial constructs, with the protagonists using "whitespeak" and the antagonist, Oogie Boogie, using "blackspeak."[38]

This perception was not entirely unanticipated by the filmmakers. Danny Elfman was worried the characterization of Oogie Boogie would be considered racist by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).[39] As Delgado and Stefancic's book reveals, Elfman's predictions became true. Nevertheless, director Henry Selick stated the character was inspired from the Betty Boop cartoon The Old Man of the Mountain. "Cab Calloway would dance his inimitable jazz dance and sing "Minnie the Moocher" or "Old Man of the Mountain", and they would rotoscope him, trace him, turn him into a cartoon character, often transforming him into an animal, like a walrus," Selick continued. "I think those are some of the most inventive moments in cartoon history, in no way racist, even though he was sometimes a villain. We went with Ken Page, who is a black singer and he had no problem with it".[40]

Regardless of the above controversy, Entertainment Weekly reports that fan reception of these characters borders on obsession, profiling "Laurie and Myk Rudnick a couple who are extremely interested in the motion picture The Nightmare Before Christmas. Their degree of obsession with that film is so great that...they named their son after the real-life person that a character in the film is based on."[41] This enthusiasm for the characters has spread beyond North America to Japan. As Stephen Jones writes, "The Japanese also seemed to go crazy for Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas with a fourteen-inch Jack Skellington doll, a gold 'Millennium' edition and a twelve-inch version dressed in pyjamas; a ten-inch Sandy Claws doll; a reversible pillow featuring Jack; a hand-painted set with Lock, Shock and Barrel, or a similar set of four vampires; a set of pull-back racers featuring Jack's faithful dog Zero...a Zero necklace, and various die-cast Jack key-chains, amongst numerous other items."[42]

Bryan Theiss explains this enthusiasm in The Scarecrow Video Movie Guide: "The last time I went to Disneyland, I saw more Jack Skellington hats than Mickey ears...because Jack and Sally are...those rare fantasy characters we can relate to on a certain level as much as we can to real-world characters on a more literal level."[43] Jamie Frater adds, "Jack is perfectly realized as the 'town hero' who seeks more in his life (or death, as it may be), a place we all find ourselves time to time. Sally is loverlorn and pines for Jack to not only love her, but to just notice her."[44]

References

  1. ^ For example, see this review for the first game in the series: Fennec Fox, "Kingdom Hearts: They said it couldn't (or shouldn't) be done...but with Kingdom Hearts beginning to shape up, a Square RPG using Disney characters is beginning to look like a very exciting idea after all," GamePro (September 30, 2002).
  2. ^ Michael Crawford, "Nightmare Before Christmas: Jack Skellington vs Oogie Boogie action figures," Captain Toy (2003).
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Jerry Beck, The Animated Movie Guide: The Ultimate Illustrated Reference to Cartoon, Stop-motion, And Computer-generated Feature Films (Chicago Review Press, 2005), 127.
  4. ^ "Jack Skellington (Character) from The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)," The Internet Movie Database.
  5. ^ Richard Rickitt, Special Effects: The History and Technique (Watson-Guptill, 2000), 159-160.
  6. ^ Maureen Furniss, Art in motion: animation aesthetics (1998), 168.
  7. ^ Jeff Belanger and Kirsten Dalley, The Nightmare Encyclopedia: Your Darkest Dreams Interpreted (Career Press, 2005), 235.
  8. ^ Jacob Steingroot, "A Grown-up's Guide to Halloween Movies: Too embarrassed to put on a costume and go door to door? Take advantage of having no bedtime by staying up late watching our favorite Halloween movies," Premiere (2008).
  9. ^ Ed. H. Leigh Davis, "Jack Skellington," Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge Official Strategy Guide (Indianapolis: Pearson Education, 2006), 2.
  10. ^ Vladimir Bogdanov, Chris Woodstra, Stephen Thomas Erlewine, All Music Guide: The Experts Guide to the Best Recordings (Backbeat Books, 2001), 997.
  11. ^ a b c John Clute and John Grant, The Encyclopedia of Fantasy (Macmillan, 1999), 686.
  12. ^ Ed. H. Leigh Davis, "Sally," Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge Official Strategy Guide (Indianapolis: Pearson Education, 2006), 6.
  13. ^ Bryan Theiss, The Scarecrow Video Movie Guide (2004), 35.
  14. ^ a b Thompson, Frank (1993). Tim Burton's Nightmare Before Christmas. 114 Fifth Avenue, New York City, New York: Disney Enterprises. p. 67. ISBN 0-7868-5378-6. 
  15. ^ Jerry Beck, The Animated Movie Guide: The Ultimate Illustrated Reference to Cartoon, Stop-motion, And Computer-generated Feature Films (Chicago Review Press, 2005), 179.
  16. ^ Doctor Finklestein : That's twice this month since you slipped deadly nightshade in my tea and run off.
    Sally: (correcting him) Three times.
    Doctor Finklestein : You're mine, you know! I made you! With my own hands... (The Nightmare Before Christmas)
  17. ^ Jerry Beck, The Animated Movie Guide: The Ultimate Illustrated Reference to Cartoon, Stop-motion, And Computer-generated Feature Films (Chicago Review Press, 2005), 179.
  18. ^ Jerry Beck, The Animated Movie Guide: The Ultimate Illustrated Reference to Cartoon, Stop-motion, And Computer-generated Feature Films (Chicago Review Press, 2005), 179.
  19. ^ Lock, Shock, and Barrel are also not loyal to Oogie as they are simply making mischief to stay on his good side (in other words: they serve him out of fear) and after his death they just have harmless fun, which they seem to enjoy more; however, this is contrasted by their lack of common sense as, presumably due to their lust for mischief they have shown no protest when their master was revived in the spinoffs, and once out of boredom revived him themselves in "Oogie's Revenge".
  20. ^ Jerry Beck, The Animated Movie Guide: The Ultimate Illustrated Reference to Cartoon, Stop-motion, And Computer-generated Feature Films (Chicago Review Press, 2005), 179.
  21. ^ a b Michael A. Morrison, Trajectories of the Fantastic: Selected Essays from the Fourteenth International Conference on the Fantastic in the Arts (Greenwood Publishing Group, 1997), 154.
  22. ^ Ed. H. Leigh Davis, "Zero," Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge Official Strategy Guide (Indianapolis: Pearson Education, 2006), 6.
  23. ^ Ed. H. Leigh Davis, "Clown," Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge Official Strategy Guide (Indianapolis: Pearson Education, 2006), 5.
  24. ^ Ed. H. Leigh Davis, "Corpse Kid," Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge Official Strategy Guide (Indianapolis: Pearson Education, 2006), 9.
  25. ^ Ed. H. Leigh Davis, "Hanging Men" and "Hanging Tree," Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge Official Strategy Guide (Indianapolis: Pearson Education, 2006), 6.
  26. ^ Ed. H. Leigh Davis, "Three Mr. Hydes," Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge Official Strategy Guide (Indianapolis: Pearson Education, 2006), 8.
  27. ^ Ed. H. Leigh Davis, "Vampire Brothers," Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge Official Strategy Guide (Indianapolis: Pearson Education, 2006), 7.
  28. ^ Ed. H. Leigh Davis, "Tall Witch" and "Short Witch," Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge Official Strategy Guide (Indianapolis: Pearson Education, 2006), 8.
  29. ^ Ramin Setoodeh, "HAUNTED PARKS," Newsweek 144.16 (10/18/2004): 73.
  30. ^ Frederick J. Augustyn, Dictionary of Toys and Games in American Popular Culture (Haworth Press, 2004), 18.
  31. ^ "New Disney Fine Art: Tim Burton’s Nightmare Before Christmas Limited Edition by Artist Jim Salvati," TechWhack (November 3rd, 2008).
  32. ^ For an image of a Sally costume, see Bobwilson, "Halloween gives teens a chance to scare, be silly," AVALANCHE-JOURNAL (10/31/2008).
  33. ^ Frederick J. Augustyn, Dictionary of Toys and Games in American Popular Culture (Haworth Press, 2004), 18.
  34. ^ tk, "Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Jack's story," Disney Scary Storybook Collection (New York: Disney Press, 2003.), 5.
  35. ^ Jim Edwards, "Jack Skellington, Brand Manager," Brandweek 47.40 (10/30/2006): 21.
  36. ^ Yvonne Tasker, Fifty Contemporary Filmmakers (Routledge, 2002), 76.
  37. ^ Philip Nel, Dr. Seuss: American Icon (Continuum International Publishing Group, 2004), 95.
  38. ^ Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic, Critical White Studies: Looking Behind the Mirror (Temple University Press, 1997), 281.
  39. ^ Ken Hanke (1999). "Burtonland". Tim Burton: An Unauthorized Biography of the Filmmaker. Renaissance Books. pp. 137—148. ISBN 1-58063-162-2. 
  40. ^ David Helpern (December 1994). "Animated Dreams", Sight & Sound, pp. 33—37. Retrieved on 2008-09-26.
  41. ^ "OBSESSIVE FANS OF THE WEEK!" in Entertainment Weekly 909 (12/1/2006): 6.
  42. ^ Stephen Jones, The Mammoth Book of Best New Horror (Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2002), 75.
  43. ^ Bryan Theiss, The Scarecrow Video Movie Guide (Sasquatch Books, 2004), 35.
  44. ^ Jamie Frater, "Top Ten Kids' Movies Adults Will Love," The Ultimate Book of Top 10 Lists: A Mind-Boggling Collection of Fun, Fascinating and Bizarre Facts on Movies, Music, Sports, Crime, Celebrities, History, Trivia and More (Berkeley: Ulysses Press, 2010), 380.

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