Historical dialects of Armenian language

In 1909, prominent Armenian linguist Hrachia Acharian in his Classification des dialectes arméniens (Classification of Armenian dialects) surveyed many of the Armenian dialects in what is now present day Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Iran, Azerbaijan and other countries settled by Armenians. Unlike the traditional dialect division of Armenian into western and eastern dialects, Acharian divided Armenian into three main dialects based on which indicative particles are used. He labeled them as the -owm (-ում) dialects, -gë (-կը) dialects, and -el (-ել) dialects. These three major dialects were further divided into sub-dialects.

-owm dialects
Dialect (Armenian name)	Areas spoken (countries as of 1909)
Araratian (Արարատյան)	Erivan (Yerevan), Novo-Bayazet (Gavar) Doğubeyazıt Tabriz (Kala and Lilava quarters)
Tbilisi (Թիֆլիսի)	Tbilisi (Havlabar quarter)
Karabakh (Ղարաբաղի)	Shusha, Elisabethpol (Ganja), Shaki, Baku, Derbent, Aghstafa, Dilijan, Vanadzor, Kazakh, Lori Karadagh (Ardabil Province, Iran), Mujumbar (Kermān Province, Iran), Tabriz (Lilava quarter) Burdur (near İzmir, Turkey), Yodemish (İzmir Province, Turkey)
Shamakhi (Շամախիի)	Shamakhi, Guba
Astrakhan (Աստրախանի)	Astrakhan
Julfa (Ջուղայի)	Julfa Isfahan (New Julfa quarter), Shiraz, Hamadan, Bushehr, Tehran, Qazvin, Rasht, Bandar-e Anzali
Nakhichevan (Նախիջևանի)	Nakhichevan: Nerkin (Lower) Akulis, Tsagna, Verin (Upper) Agulis, Verin (Upper) Handamej, Tanagirt, Urumis, Dosti and Kalaki

-el dialects
Dialect (Armenian name)	Areas spoken (countries as of 1909)
Maragha (Մարաղայի)	Maragheh
	Khoy, Maku Igdir Kori, Alighuli, Mughanjugh, Karashen, Alilu, Angeghakot, Ghushchi, Tazakend, Uz, Mazra, Balak, Shaghat, Ltsen, Sisian, Nerkin Kilisa
Ardahan (Արդահան)	Artvin, Ardahan, Artanutch, Olti

gë dialects
Dialect (Armenian name)	Areas spoken (countries as of 1909)
Erurum (Կարնո)	Erzurum Kars, Gyumri, Akhalkalaki, Akhaltsikhe
Mush (Մշո)	Mush, Sasun, Bitlis, Khozan, Khlat, Artchesh, Kop, Manazkert, Khnus, Alashkert Aparan, 4 villages in Javakhk (Bogdanovka (Ninotsminda) district: Eshtia, Ujmana, Toria; Akhalkalak district: Martuni)
Van (Վանա)	Van, Diadin, Moks, Adamakert, Shatakh Vardenis
Darbekir (Դիարբեքիրի)	Diyarbakır, Lice, Hazro, Kozluk, Khizan, Sevaverak, Edesia
Kharberd-Yerznka (Խարբերդ-Երզնկայի)	Kharpert, Yerznka, Balu, Tchapaghjur, Chmshkatsag, Peri, Kghi, Dersim, Kamakh
Shabin-Karahisar	Shabin-Karahisar, Akıncılar
Trapizon (Տրապիզոնի)	Trabzon, Babert, Gyumushkhana, Giresun
Hamshen (Համշենի)	Hamshen, Trabzon, Ünye, Fatsa, Terme, Çarşamba, Samsun Sukhumi, Sochi, Mtsara (Gudauta District, Abkhazia), Tsebelda (Gulripsh District, Abkhazia), Adler (Sochi), Shapsugskaya (Krasnodar Krai, Russia)
Malatia (Մալաթիայի)	Malatia, Adıyaman
Zeytun (Զեյթունի)	Hadjin, Zeytun, Marash, Kilis, Alexandretta, Payas (Yakacik), Samandağ
Aramo (Արամոյի)	Aramo (Syria)
Arabkir (Արաբկիրի)	Arabkir, Tevrik, Kyurin, Darende, Kesaria
Akn (Ակնի)	Akn
Sebastia (Սեբաստիայի)	Sebastia
Amasia (Ամասիայի)	Tokat, Amasia, Marzvan, Ordu, Samsun, Sinop
Smyrna (Զմյուռնիայի)	Smyrna
Izmi (Իզմիրի)	Nicomedia, Adabazar, Yalova, Partizak, Geyve, İznik, Pazarköy, Karamürsel, Aslanbey, Ortaköy, Sölöz, Benli
Constantinople (Պոլսի)	Constantinople (Istanbul)
	Tekirdağ, Malkara
(Նոր Նախիջևանի)	Nor Nakhichevan, Rostov-on-Don, Stavropol, Krasnodar, Dnipropetrovsk, Anapa, Maykop, Taganrog, Prymorsk, Novocherkassk, Dneprovskaya (Krasnodar Krai)
	Poland, Bukovina, Transylvania, Hungary
Jerusalem (Երուսաղեմի)	Jerusalem (K'aġak'ac'i dialect), not mentioned by Acharian, but mentioned by Bert Vaux as likely coming from Cilicia[1]
	Yozgat

References

1. ^ The Armenian Dialects of Jerusalem by Bert Vaux, Harvard University