Raebareli

This article is about the municipality in Uttar Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see Raebareli district.

Rae Bareli
—  city  —
Rae Bareli Location of Rae Bareli in Uttar Pradesh and India
Coordinates	26°08′N 81°08′E / 26.13°N 81.13°E / 26.13; 81.13Coordinates: 26°08′N 81°08′E / 26.13°N 81.13°E / 26.13; 81.13
Country	India
State	Uttar Pradesh
District(s)	Rae Bareli
Population	169,285 (2001[update])
Time zone	IST (UTC+05:30)

Raebareli (Hindi: रायबरेली, Urdu: رائے بریلی, also Rae Bareli or Rai Bareli) is a city and a municipal board in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Raebareli District.

The town is situated at the bank of the Sai River, 82 km (51 mi) southeast of Lucknow. It possesses many architectural features, chief of which is a strong and spacious fort erected in 1403. The fort was constructed of bricks 2 ft long by 1 ft (0.30 m) thick and 1.5 ft (0.46 m) wide (60 cm by 30 cm by 45 cm). Among other ancient buildings are the magnificent palace and tomb of nawab Jahan Khan, governor in the time of Shah Jahan, and four fine mosques.The most important town within the district is Lalganj which is the proposed site for the Railway Coach Factory. The factory is already underway with construction activities in full swing^[when?] and locals expect to gain economically from it. The factory is expected to generate over 10,000 jobs.

History

District Rae Bareli is located in the heart land of famous AWADH region which was the part ancient Koshala kingdom.This town has close proximity to present state capital Lucknow which is just 70 KM away. The district of Rae Bareli was created by the British in 1858, and is named after its headquarters town. Tradition has it that the town was founded by the Bhars and was known as Bharauli or Barauli. Over the course of time, the name was changed to Bareli. The prefix "Rae" represents "Rai" the common title of the Kayasths who were masters of the town for a considerable period of time,some famous Kayasths are Rai Saheb Naseerabad, Kali Sahay Saheb,Dr.Shankar Dayal etc. Raja Har Parshad, Kayasth, a native of this town from Naseerabad, was the Nazim or Commissioner of Khairabad Division during the reign of the ex-king. He joined the mutineers and went up to Naipal with Begum Hazrat Mahal of Oudh dynasty and On 31 December 1858 while returning back after leaving her safe, he was killed in a battle with British army. In the early 20th century, the town was an important center of trade, and Muslin and Cotton weaving. Its population was 15,880 in 1901.

Post Independence

The city and the district became famous as a political bastion of the Nehru-Gandhi Nationalist family. After independence, Rae Bareli constituency was won by Jawaharlal Nehru's son-in-law Feroze Gandhi. After Feroze Gandhi's death in 1960, the constituency was won in 1967 by his wife Indira Gandhi (daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru), who went on to become the first woman Prime Minister of India. In 1977, after Indira Gandhi's election from Rae Bareli was revoked by Allahabad High Court for using state machinery in the elections. She held on to the power by having the President of India declare a national emergency. After Indira's death in 1984, there was no one from the family to contest from here until the 2004 Parliament Elections, when Sonia Gandhi, the widow of Indira's son, Rajiv was elected as MP from Rae Bareli. In Uttar Pradesh State Assembly Elections, 2007, her daughter Priyanka Gandhi, while not fighting elections herself, proved to be a powerful force in gaining large majorities for Congressmen in the area. In the 2009 elections Sonia again won from this seat.

Since 1967, when Indira Gandhi selected Rae Bareli as her constituency, Rae Bareli became the nucleus of Indian National Congress and Indian Politics. Once in 1976, the cabinet meeting was held in Rae Bareli instead of state capital. The district became the pilgrimage of Congress workers and all the congress workers had a desire to come to this pilgrimage before every election. During this period Rae Bareli got bumper publicity in the national and International press.

In the capacity of the Prime Minister, she contested election from here in 1967, 1971 and in 1977 and as a member of opposition party she contested in 1980. In 1980 she contested from MEDAK (Andhra Pradesh) also, and after winning from both the places, she left the Rae Bareli seat. Arun Nehru of Congress was elected in the by-elections.

Demographics

As of 2001 India census,^[1] Rae Bareli had a population of 28,72,204. Males constitute 52% and females 48%.

Climate

Rae Bareli has a warm subtropical climate with very cold and dry winters from December to Mid February and dry, hot summers from April to Mid June. The rainy season is from mid-June to mid-September, when it gets an average rainfall of 1200 mm mostly from the south-west monsoon winds. During extreme winter the maximum temperature is around 12 degrees Celsius and the minimum is in the 3 to 4 degrees Celsius range. Fog is quite common from late December to late January. Summers can be quite hot with temperatures rising to the 40 to 45 degree Celsius range.

Language and religion

Hindi and Awadhi are the widely spoken languages that are understood among its people along with English. The official language is the state language Hindi. Hinduism is followed by large number of the population. A significant part of the population of city consists of followers of Islam, Sikhism as well. Christians and Jains constitute minority of the population.

ITI Limited

Rae Bareli has the first Public Sector Undertaking - Indian Telephone Industry (ITI Limited). It is one of the six manufacturing plants of the Telecom giant. For the fourth successive year ITI has retained top position in country's tele-communication turnkey business.More than 50% equipment of India's tele-communication network has been supplied by ITI.

Other industries

1. Indian Telephone Industries Limited
2. Birla Cement Factory (Estd. 1997)
3. National Thermal Power Corporation
4. Hindustan Bioenergy Limited
5. Indian Rail Coach Factory(Proposed)
6. Shree Bhawani Paper mill(Estd. 1983)
7. Indira Gandhi Canal Project (Dalmau)
8. Indo Gulf Fertilisers
9. Sheena industries
10. Visaka Industries
11. RaeBareli textile Mill
12. State spinning Mill
13. UP State sugar factory, Munshiganj
14. Amkap marketing Pvt. Ltd.
15. National Power Grid
16. Shriram Scientific Traders
17. Shreya Seeds
18. Khubele Enterprises Private limited
19. Techno Plastic
20. National Dairy NDDB
21. Galaxzee Carpets

Education

Rae Bareli has a great exposure of industry and business. People of Raebareli see education as a priority and give due importance to it. This has resulted in the establishment of some quality educational institutions affiliated to Central Board of Secondary Education, Uttar Pradesh Board, and Indian Certificate of Secondary Education.

Schools

Other than primary schools, Rae Bareli has a bunch of notable secondary and senior secondary schools:

1. Government Inter College (GIC)
2. Government Girls Inter College (GGIC)
3. Gopal Sarswati Vidya Mandir Inter College(GSVMIC)
4. Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya
5. S.J.S Public School
6. Kendriya Vidyalaya
7. Shubhasheesh Vidya Mandir
8. St. Peter's school
9. Dayawati Modi Public School (DMPS)
10. Lotus Valley Convent School (LVC)
11. Ryan International
12. Mahatma Gandhi Inter College (MGIC)
13. Bal Vidya Mandir
14. Dayanand Anglo Vidyalaya(D.A.V)
15. Maharishi Vidya Mandir
16. Urmila Inter College
17. Wasi Naqvi National Inter College
18. J.P.S.Public School
19. Lucknow Public School(L.P.S)
20. Acharya Dwivedi Inter College
21. Vadik Bal Mandir Inter College
22. New Standard Public School
23. Mother Teresa Inter College
24. K.D.Malviya Vidya Mandir
25. Santi Neketan vidya Peetha
26. BSS Public School

Colleges

1. Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology(RGIPT)
2. Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Udan Academy
3. National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research(NIPER)
4. National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT)
5. Footwear Design & Development Institute
6. Feroz Gandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology
7. Indira Gandhi Government Girls Inter College
8. Bhim Rao Ambedkar Government Degree College
9. Feroz Gandhi Polytechnic
10. Feroz Gandhi Degree College]]
11. Dayanand Degree College
12. Indra Gandhi Rajkiya Mahila Degree College
13. Sanskrit Degree College
14. Kamla Nehru Post Graduate College
15. Indian Training Institute
16. Swami Satyamitranand Degree College
17. Adharshila College of Professional Courses (Faculty of Law)
18. Baiswara Post Graduate College
19. Pankaj Maheshwari Smriti Mahavidyalaya,Jais
20. Mahaveer Institute of Technology
21. Shubhasheesh Shiksha Avam Vikas Sewa Sansthan (www.shubhasheesh.com)(For Mentally Challenged Pehhrson, as a group of parents, guardians and other enlightened members of society fully devoted with missionary zeal to the cause of welfare of mentally challenged children with Mental retardation, cerebral palsy, autism and multiple disabilities)

Information technology

NIC Rae Bareli district unit was established in 1988, with an aim to provide relentless information informatics services to the district administration in planning and development. Ever since, the NIC center has been helping the authorities by providing the necessary IT support in various important projects being run in the district.

Indira Gandhi Memorial Botanical Garden

Indira Gandhi Memorial Botanical Garden was established in the year 1986 in order to restore the ecological balance. The garden is situated on the left side of Lucknow-Varanasi highway and on the northern bank of Sai river. The purpose of garden is not merely to make it a place for growing flowers, fruits or vegetables but also an educational installation for scientists, research workers/ students and general public for awakening interest in plant life.It is d best place in Raebareli.

Behta Bridge

Behta bridge is situated at the outskirts of the Rae Bareli city. The important feature of this bridge is that at this place Sharda canal crosses the Sai river. An aqueduct has been constructed and the canal flows in the duct.

Samaspur Bird Sanctuary

Samaspur Bird Sanctuary is situated in Rohaniya Development block of the district, about 122 km from Lucknow on Lucknow-Varanasi highway. It was established in 1987 on a total area of about 799.371 hectare. Nearest railway station is Unchahar and the nearest airport is Fursatganj, Rae Bareli. The best period to visit is from November to March. More than 250 varieties of birds can be seen there. Some of the birds come here from a distance of 5000 km which include Greleg Googe, Pin Tail, Common Teel, Vision, Showler, Surkhab etc. Local birds include Comb Duck, Whistling Teel, Spot Bill, Spoon Bill, King Fisher, Vulture etc. Twelve varieties of fish are there in the lake at Samaspur.

External links

• http://www.raebareli.nic.in/

References

1. ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999. Retrieved 2008-11-01.