Melittin

Melittin[1]
Identifiers
CAS number	20449-79-0 Y
PubChem	16129627
MeSH	Melitten
ChEMBL	CHEMBL412927 N
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
SMILES CCC(C)C(C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(C)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)N1CCCC1C(=O)NC(C)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(C)CC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC2=CNC3=CC=CC=C32)C(=O)NC(C(C)CC)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)N)C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N)NC(=O)CN
Properties
Molecular formula	C131H229N39O31
Molar mass	2846.46266
N (verify) (what is: Y/N?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Melittin is the principal active component of apitoxin (bee venom) and is a powerful stimulator of phospholipase A2. Melittin is a peptide consisting of 26 amino acids with the sequence GIGAVLKVLTTGLPALISWIKRKRQQ.

Biological effects

Melittin also exhibits potent anti-microbial activity. For example, melittin has been shown to exert "profound inhibitory effects" on Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacteria that causes lyme disease.^[2] Melittin has also been shown to kill the yeast Candida albicans^[3] and to suppress Mycoplasma hominis and Chlamydia trachomatis infections.^[4][5][6]

At Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, very small nanite "nanobee" devices are being developed to carefully deliver melittin, which is known to disrupt cellular walls and thus destroy cells, to tumor cells in animals.^[7]

Melittin modifies the permeability of the red cell membrane. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4057243

Melittin in Art

Melittin (2009) by Julian Voss-Andreae. The pictured melittin sculpture is part of a series called "The Building Blocks of Life".

Artist and scientist Julian Voss-Andreae has created a sculpture based on the structure of melittin, which he mentions in a talk about his work.^[8]

References

1. ^ Melitten - Compound Summary, PubChem.
2. ^ Lubke, LL; Garon, CF (1997). "The antimicrobial agent melittin exhibits powerful in vitro inhibitory effects on the Lyme disease spirochete". Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 25 Suppl 1: S48–51. doi:10.1086/516165. PMID 9233664. 
3. ^ Klotz, SA; Gaur, NK; Rauceo, J; Lake, DF; Park, Y; Hahm, KS; Lipke, PN (2004). "Inhibition of adherence and killing of Candida albicans with a 23-Mer peptide (Fn/23) with dual antifungal properties". Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 48 (11): 4337–41. doi:10.1128/AAC.48.11.4337-4341.2004. PMC 525394. PMID 15504862. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=525394. 
4. ^ Lazarev, VN; Shkarupeta, MM; Titova, GA; Kostrjukova, ES; Akopian, TA; Govorun, VM (2005). "Effect of induced expression of an antimicrobial peptide melittin on Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma hominis infections in vivo". Biochemical and biophysical research communications 338 (2): 946–50. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.10.028. PMID 16246304. 
5. ^ Lazarev, VN; Stipkovits, L; Biro, J; Miklodi, D; Shkarupeta, MM; Titova, GA; Akopian, TA; Govorun, VM (2004). "Induced expression of the antimicrobial peptide melittin inhibits experimental infection by Mycoplasma gallisepticum in chickens". Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur 6 (6): 536–41. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2004.02.006. PMID 15158186. 
6. ^ Lazarev, VN; Parfenova, TM; Gularyan, SK; Misyurina, OY; Akopian, TA; Govorun, VM (2002). "Induced expression of melittin, an antimicrobial peptide, inhibits infection by Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma hominis in a HeLa cell line". International journal of antimicrobial agents 19 (2): 133–7. PMID 11850166. 
7. ^ "The Buzz: Targeting Cancer With Bee Venom". Wall Street Journal. September 28, 2009. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203803904574433382922095534.html?mod=WSJ_hpp_MIDDLENexttoWhatsNewsThird. 
8. ^ Julian Voss-Andreae (March 27, 2011) (in English). Julian Voss-Andreae: Quantum Sculptures. London, UK: ISIS. http://vimeo.com/24156278. 

External links

• MeSH Melitten

This pharmacology-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Antimicrobial peptides Pharmacology stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР Bell 222 Skittish Look at other dictionaries: Melittin — Bänderdarstellung des biologisch aktiven Homotetramers …   Deutsch Wikipedia melittin — /mə litˈin/ noun A toxic polypeptide found in bee venom, responsible for the pain of the sting ORIGIN: Gr melitta bee, and ↑ in (1) …   Useful english dictionary Melittin — Me|lit|tin [griech. mélissa, mélitta = Biene, Honig; ↑ in (3)], das; s: im Bienengift zu ca. 50 % enthaltenes, aus 26 Aminosäureresten bestehendes Polypeptid, das hämolysierend wirkt. * * * Melittin   [zu griechisch mélitta »Biene«] das, s, mit… …   Universal-Lexikon melittin — melitinas statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Bičių nuodų sudedamoji dalis. atitikmenys: angl. melittin rus. мелиттин …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas melittin — The major component of bee venom, responsible for the pain of the sting. A 26 amino acid peptide, that has a hydrophobic and a positively charged region. Can lyse cell membranes and activate phospholipase A2 enzymes; it has a very high affinity… …   Dictionary of molecular biology melittin — noun A toxic peptide that is the main component of the venom of honey bees …   Wiktionary melittin — The principal component in bee venom; m. is a peptide amide containing 26 amino acid s and is a hemolysin. [G. melitta, bee, + in] * * * me·lit·tin mə lit ən n a toxic protein in bee venom that causes localized pain and inflammation but also has… …   Medical dictionary Mellitin — Melittin Bänderdarstellung des biologisch aktiven Homotetramers …   Deutsch Wikipedia DPP-IV — Dipeptidylpeptidase 4 Bändermodell nach PDB  …   Deutsch Wikipedia Dipeptidyl-Peptidase 4 — Dipeptidylpeptidase 4 Bändermodell nach PDB  …   Deutsch Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”