Basic metabolic panel

Basic metabolic panel
Diagnostics
LOINC	24320-4, 24321-2, 51990-0

A basic metabolic panel (BMP) is a set of seven or eight blood chemical tests. It is one of the most common lab tests ordered by health care providers. It provides key information that has a variety of applications in guiding the medical management of a patient. For example, values can be used to assess and monitor a patient's fluid and electrolyte status, kidney function, blood sugar levels, and response to various medications and other medical therapies. It is also frequently employed as a screening tool to look for problems that might need to be addressed, as many disease processes can cause a derangement in the blood serum levels of basic metabolites.

Components

The version with seven tests is often referred to by medical professionals in USA as the "CHEM-7", or "SMA-7" (Sequential Multiple Analysis-7).^[1] The seven parts of a CHEM-7 are tests for:

• Four electrolytes:
  • sodium (Na⁺) ^[2]
  • potassium (K⁺) ^[3]
  • chloride (Cl⁻) ^[4]
  • bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) or CO₂ ^[5]

• blood urea nitrogen (BUN) ^[6]

• creatinine ^[7]

• glucose ^[8]

Calcium (Ca²⁺) is often considered part of the BMP,^[9][10] though, by definition, it is not part of the CHEM-7. A basic metabolic panel including calcium is sometimes colloquially referred to as a "CHEM-8".

Reporting

Pathophysiology sample values

BMP/ELECTROLYTES:
Na+=140	Cl−=100	BUN=20	/
			Glu=150
K+=4	CO2=22	PCr=1.0	\
ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS:
HCO3-=24	paCO2=40	paO2=95	pH=7.40
ALVEOLAR GAS:
	pACO2=36	pAO2=105	A-a g=10
OTHER:
Ca=9.5	Mg2+=2.0	PO4=1
CK=55	BE=−0.36	AG=16
SERUM OSMOLARITY/RENAL:
PMO = 300	PCO=295	POG=5	BUN:Cr=20
URINALYSIS:
UNa+=80	UCl−=100	UAG=5	FENa=0.95
UK+=25	USG=1.01	UCr=60	UO=800
PROTEIN/GI/LIVER FUNCTION TESTS:
LDH=100	TP=7.6	AST=25	TBIL=0.7
ALP=71	Alb=4.0	ALT=40	BC=0.5
		AST/ALT=0.6	BU=0.2
AF alb=3.0	SAAG=1.0		SOG=60
CSF:
CSF alb=30	CSF glu=60	CSF/S alb=7.5	CSF/S glu=0.4

These lab values are often listed in a standard grid:

Na+	Cl−	BUN
K+	CO2	creatinine

Glucose (and sometimes calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus) are listed to the right of this grid, but there is greater variation in how these values are reported.

The Chem-7 is drawn in a green topped vacuum tube and sent to chemistry

See also

• Blood test
• Reference ranges for common blood tests
• Comprehensive metabolic panel

References

1. ^ MedlinePlus Encyclopedia 003462
2. ^ MedlinePlus Encyclopedia 003481
3. ^ MedlinePlus Encyclopedia 003484
4. ^ MedlinePlus Encyclopedia 003485
5. ^ MedlinePlus Encyclopedia 003469
6. ^ MedlinePlus Encyclopedia 003474
7. ^ MedlinePlus Encyclopedia 003475
8. ^ MedlinePlus Encyclopedia 003482
9. ^ "BASIC METABOLIC PANEL, SERUM". http://www.utmb.edu/lsg/LabSurvivalGuide/chem/bmp.htm. Retrieved 2007-08-26. ^{[dead link]}
10. ^ "Basic Metabolic Panel-Topic Overview". http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/Basic-Metabolic-Panel-Topic-Overview. Retrieved 2007-08-26.