Positive pressure ventilation

Positive pressure ventilation
Intervention
ICD-9-CM	93.90-93.91
MeSH	D011175

In emergency medicine positive pressure ventilation (PPV) refers to the process of forcing air into the lungs of a (usually apneic or dyspneic) patient, usually using a bag valve mask (BVM) or mechanical ventilator.

"NIPPV" is an abbreviation for "nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation" or "non-invasive positive pressure ventilation".^[1]

During normal breathing, air is drawn into the lungs from the outside by the expansion of the chest wall and contraction of the diaphragm to increase volume inside the thoracic cavity. If the airway is sealed, the expansion of the thoracic cavity creates negative pressure inside the lungs (756mmHg) relative to the atmospheric pressure outside the body (760mmHg). During normal breathing air is drawn into the lungs by the negative pressure of the lungs.^[2] Positive pressure ventilation, however, works by forcing air into the lungs and thereby increasing the pressure inside the airway relative to the outside. Hence, the name "positive pressure." Aside from the obvious advantage of ventilating an otherwise apneic or dyspneic patient, PPV can be effectively used in the treatment of flail segments, which characteristically render negative pressure breathing ineffective, but does not impede PPV.

See also

• Positive airway pressure
• Positive end-expiratory pressure
• Bag valve mask
• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
• Medical ventilator

References

1. ^ Peter JV, Moran JL, Phillips-Hughes J, Graham P, Bersten AD (April 2006). "Effect of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) on mortality in patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema: a meta-analysis". Lancet 367 (9517): 1155–63. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68506-1. PMID 16616558. 
2. ^ Marieb, Elaine N. & Hoehn, Katja "Human Anatomy & Physiology" 8th Ed., Benjamin Cummings/Pearson, 2010

This emergency services-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Intensive care medicine Firefighting Respiratory therapy Medicine stubs Emergency services stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР? Theophilus Painter Chaka Fattah Look at other dictionaries: Positive pressure ventilation — The provision of oxygen under pressure by a mechanical respirator, a machine designed to improve the exchange of air between the lungs and the atmosphere. The device is basically designed for administering artificial respiration, especially for a …   Medical dictionary positive-pressure ventilation — see noninvasive ventilation …   The new mediacal dictionary positive pressure — n pressure that is greater than atmospheric pressure <mechanical ventilation of the lungs using positive pressure> * * * pressure greater than that of the atmosphere …   Medical dictionary continuous positive pressure ventilation — control mode ventilation using continuous positive airway pressure …   Medical dictionary intermittent positive pressure breathing — n enforced periodic inflation of the lungs by the intermittent application of an increase of pressure to a reservoir of air (as in a bag) supplying the lungs abbr. IPPB * * * (IPPB) the active inflation of the lungs during inhalation under… …   Medical dictionary intermittent positive pressure ventilation — see under breathing …   Medical dictionary Ventilation, positive pressure — The provision of oxygen under pressure by a mechanical respirator, a machine designed to improve the exchange of air between the lungs and the atmosphere. The device is basically designed for administering artificial respiration, especially for a …   Medical dictionary Pressure controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation — (PC IMV) is any mode of mechanical ventilation with preset inspiratory pressure (Pressure Control) and inspiratory time (Ti). Spontaneous breaths (i.e., inspiration is patient triggered and patient cycled) can exist between mandatory breaths… …   Wikipedia Positive end-expiratory pressure — (PEEP) is the pressure in the lungs (alveolar pressure) above atmospheric pressure (the pressure outside of the body) that exists at the end of expiration.[1] The two types of PEEP are extrinsic PEEP (PEEP applied by a ventilator) and intrinsic… …   Wikipedia positive end-expiratory pressure — n a technique of assisting breathing by increasing the air pressure in the lungs and air passages near the end of expiration so that an increased amount of air remains in the lungs following expiration abbr. PEEP compare CONTINUOUS POSITIVE… …   Medical dictionary 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”