- Montreux Jazz Festival
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Montreux Jazz Festival 
Location(s) Montreux, Switzerland Years active 1967 – present Date(s) First fortnight of July Genre Jazz, rock, pop The Montreux Jazz Festival is the best-known music festival in Switzerland and one of the most prestigious in Europe; it is held annually in early July in Montreux on the shores of Lake Geneva. It is the second largest annual music festival in the world after Canada's Montreal International Jazz Festival.
Contents
History
The Montreux Jazz Festival was founded in 1967 by Claude Nobs, Géo Voumard and René Langel[1] with considerable help from Ahmet Ertegün and Nesuhi Ertegün of Atlantic Records. The festival was first held at Montreux Casino. It lasted for three days and featured almost exclusively jazz artists. The highlights of this era were Keith Jarrett, Jack DeJohnette, Bill Evans, Soft Machine, Weather Report, The Fourth Way, Nina Simone, Jan Garbarek, and Ella Fitzgerald.
Originally a pure jazz festival, it opened up in the 1970s and today presents artists of nearly every imaginable music style. Jazz remains an important part of the festival. Today's festival lasts about two weeks and attracts an audience of more than 200,000 people.
In the 1970s, the festival began broadening its scope, including blues, soul, and rock artists, for instance Marianne Faithfull, Led Zeppelin, Pink Floyd, Frank Zappa, Deep Purple, Prince and many others. Towards the end of the decade, the festival expanded even more, including music from all continents (with an emphasis on Brazilian music) and lasting a full three weeks. Santana came to Montreux for the first time in 1970; Van Morrison played in 1974 and 1980. Other artists included Weather Report, Camarón de la Isla, Soft Machine, Chuck Berry, George Clinton and Parliament-Funkadelic, Eric Clapton, Luther Allison, Bo Diddley, Stan Getz, Airto Moreira, Joe Henderson, Dizzy Gillespie, Oscar Peterson, Charles Mingus, Etta James, Sonny Rollins, Son House, Count Basie, Chick Corea, Herbie Hancock, B.B. King, Gilberto Gil, Ray Charles, James Booker, Hermeto Pascoal, Mahavishnu Orchestra, Rory Gallagher, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Elis Regina, Les McCann, Eddie Harris, Pasadena Roof Orchestra, New Order, Jaco Pastorius, Ringo Starr and his All Starr Band, André Geraissati, Korni Grupa, Joe Satriani, Status Quo, and many more.
The initiator and—as of 2008—still the head organizer, Claude Nobs, has managed to bring an array of artists to Montreux, both established ones and newcomers.[2]
Venue
The festival was originally held at the old Montreux Casino, which burned down in December 1971 during Frank Zappa's performance. ("Smoke on the Water" by Deep Purple tells that story.) The festival was held then in other auditoriums in Montreux, until it could return to the rebuilt new Casino in 1975. The festival continued to grow, and in 1993, it moved to the larger Convention Centre. From 1995 through 2008, it occupied both the Convention Centre and the Casino. Beginning with the 41st MJF in 2007, nightly performances of headliners were again moved mainly to the Convention Centre (though the Casino still hosts the odd one-off shows), owing mainly to logistics: the Casino is approximately 1 kilometre (1,100 yd) from the Convention Centre, making it difficult for crew, artists and technical personnel (as well as fans) to travel easily through crowded streets from one venue to the other. (This is exacerbated by the presence of a large number of streetside vendors and artisans – as well as strolling crowds of tourists – on the lakefront walk that connects the venues.) As of 2007, the Convention Centre hosts two main stages, Stravinsky Auditorium and Miles Davis Hall, as well as the smaller Montreux Jazz Cafe, and several smaller open-air stages around the Centre. Additional themed shows (Bahia, Blues, etc) are held on boats cruising the lake and train cars traveling the region, and various workshops and competitions are held at the nearby Montreux Palais and Le Petit Palais.
Audioslave performing in 2005
Expansion
The festival changed in the 1980s: it grew dramatically and included an even wider variety of music styles. Jazz remained important, as did Brazilian music, but more and more rock and pop artists were also invited.
Miles Davis came to Montreux several times, also British hard rock band Deep Purple were invited as headliners five times. Santana returned in 1980. Other notable artists at Montreux were Max Roach, James Brown, George Clinton and Parliament-Funkadelic, Wynton Marsalis, Art Blakey, John McLaughlin, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Wayne Shorter, Al Di Meola, Elvis Costello, Jimmy Cliff, Steel Pulse, Mike Oldfield, Brian May, Marvin Gaye, Leonard Cohen, Nina Hagen, Eric Clapton, Phil Collins, Joe Cocker, Los Lobos, The Manhattan Transfer, Tracy Chapman, and Van Morrison again.
The expansion that began in the 1980s has continued since then – Montreux transformed from a jazz festival into a world music festival. Quincy Jones co-produced the festival from 1991 to 1993. By 1993, the festival had outgrown the Casino and moved to the larger Convention Centre. The number of visitors rose from 75,000 in 1980 to 120,000 in 1994, and an "Off-festival" developed on the lakeshore promenades and in the cafés of Montreux.
Many "regulars" returned, but many new artists also appeared on stage: Sting, Bob Dylan, Fats Domino, Deep Purple, Al Jarreau, Chaka Khan, Johnny Cash, Cheap Trick, Cheb Mami, Youssou N'Dour, Marianne Faithfull, Ice T, Jazzmatazz, ZZ Top, Simply Red, Eric Clapton, Marisa Monte, George Benson, Jazzkantine, Alanis Morissette, David Bowie, Paul Simon... In 1999, the festival saw more than 220,000 visitors.
The festival has also played host to some well-known and talented student groups, including big bands and vocal ensembles.
Young, talented musicians are encouraged to take part in several competitions.
Competition winners
2011 Shure Montreux Jazz Voice Competition 2011 – Finalists:
- 1st Prize ex-aequo: Chiara Izzi (Italy) and Sarah Marie Young (USA)
- 2nd Prize: Luis Regidor (Spain)
- Audience Award: Sarah Marie Young (USA)
2011 Parmigiani Montreux Jazz Piano Competition 2011 – Finalists:
- 1st Prize: Piotr Orzechowski (Poland)[3][4]
- 2nd Prize: Jeremy Siskind (USA)
- 3rd Prize: Jerry Léonide (Rep. of Mauritius)
- Audience Award: Emil Mammadov (Azerbaijan)
2010 Shure Montreux Jazz Voice Competition 2010 – Finalists:
- 1st Prize: Sanem Kalfa (Turkey)
- 2nd Prize: Yuliana Rogacheva (Russia)
- 3rd Prize: Maria Joao Mendes (Portugal)
- Audience Award: Yuliana Rogacheva (Russia)
2010 Bösendorfer Montreux Jazz Piano Competition 2010 – Finalists:
- 1st Prize: Nicolay Sidorenko (Russia)
- 2nd Prize ex-aequo: Logan Thomas (USA) and David Helbock (Austria)
- 3rd Prize: Zoltan Balogh (Hungary)
- Audience Award: Tuomas Antero Turunen (Finland)
2010 Montreux Jazz Tremplin Lémanique
- Winner: Vouipe (Lausanne)
The expansion has also prompted a DVD series to be released showing the sets of a number of great artists from a range of genres playing at the festival. The series, entitled 'Live at Montreux' includes performances from artists such as:
Competitions
Three international competitions are organised by the Montreux Jazz Festival Foundation 2 every year: Solo Piano, Guitar and Voice. For each competition a jury composed of professionals and chaired by a world famous musician (in 2008: Fazil Say for the Piano Solo, Lee Ritenour for the Guitar, Patti Austin for the Voice competition) award the three prizes. In addition, a local competition, the Tremplin Lémanique, is aimed at jazz bands that are based in one of the regions of the Léman lake: the French departments of Ain and Haute Savoie and the Swiss cantons of Geneva, Vaud and Valais. All the information is available on: [www.fondation2.ch]. The yearly deadline to apply is 15 April.
The Montreux Competitions are part of the free events of the Festival, along with the workshops, the archives projections, the exhibitions and the free concerts in the park. All these events are organised by the Montreux Jazz Foundation 2 – www.foundation2.ch.
Performances
- Al Di Meola – 1986, 1989, 1993 (2004)
- Alice Cooper – 2005
- Billy Idol – 2010
- Black Eyed Peas – 2009
- Bob Dylan – 2001
- Bill Evans – 1968
- Boney James – 1999
- Bonnie Raitt – 1977
- Bow Wow – 1978
- Candy Dulfer – 2002
- Canned Heat – 1973
- Carlos Santana presents Buddy Guy, Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown and Bobby Parker – 2004
- Chick Corea Elektric Band
- Deee-Lite – 1991
- Deep Purple – 1996, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2011
- Dr John – 1995
- Earth, Wind & Fire – 1997
- Ella Fitzgerald – 1969
- Emerson, Lake & Palmer – 1997
- Eric Clapton – 1986, 1992, 1997
- Frank Zappa – 1971
- Gary Moore – 1990, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2010
- Herb Alpert – 1996
- Jamiroquai – 1995, 2002, 2003
- Jedi Mind Tricks – 2009
- Jethro Tull – 2003
- Joe Satriani – 1988
- John Surman – 1968
- Johnny Cash – 1994
- Led Zeppelin – 1970, 1972
- Legends – 1997
- Lou Reed – 2000
- Luther Allison – 1976, 1983, 1984, 1994
- Marcus Miller
- Marvin Gaye – 1980
- Mike Oldfield – 1981
- Miles Davis – 1973, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991
- Muse – 2002
- Nightmares on Wax – 2006
- Nina Hagen – 1985
- Nina Simone – 1976, 1987 1990
- Ofra Haza – 1990[6]
- Otis Rush – 1986
- Pat Metheny – 1985, 1994, 1999
- Quique Neira – 2009
- Radiohead – 2003
- Ray Charles – 1997
- Return to Forever
- Robert Plant – 2006
- Rory Gallagher – 1975, 1977, 1979, 1985, 1994
- Steve Earle – 2005
- Stevie Ray Vaughan – 1982, 1985
- Suzanne Vega – 2000, 2004
- Talk Talk – 1986
- Talib Kweli – 2009
- The Corrs- 1998, 2004, 2005
- The Dubliners – 1976
- The Jeff Healey Band – 1999
- The Mahavishnu Orchestra – 1972, 1974, 1984
- The Moody Blues – 1991
- Tokyo Ska Paradise Orchestra – 2008
- Tori Amos – 1991, 1992, 2005, 2007, 2010
- Toto – 1991
- UB40 – 2001
- Van Morrison – 1974, 1980
- Weather Report – 1976
- Wu-Tang Clan – 2007
- Wyclef Jean – 2009
- Yes – 2003
Discography
Australian Youth All Star Big Band performing at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 2004.Albums recorded at the festival
- Alice Cooper: Live at Montreux (Alice Cooper album) (CD/DVD)
- Atlantic Family: The Atlantic Family Live at Montreux, 1977
- Baby Consuelo: Baby Consuelo ao Vivo – 14th Montreux Jazz Festival, 1980
- Bob James: Live at Montreux
- Bobby Hutcherson: Live at Montreux
- Deep Purple: Live at Montreux 1996
- Dennis Brown: Live at Montreux
- Don Pullen & the African-Brazilian Connection: Live...Again: Live at Montreux (Blue Note, 1993)
- Carmen McRae: Live at Montreux
- Ella Fitzgerald – Digital III at Montreux, 1979
- Rory Gallagher: Live in Montreux 2006
- Jamiroquai: Jamiroquai - Live at Montreux 2003 (DVD)
- Jethro Tull: Live At Montreux 2003 (2CD/DVD)
- Joe Pass – Montreux '77 - Live, 1977
- King Sunny Adé: Live at Montreux 1982.
- Luther Allison: Live in Montreux 1976–1994 1996
- McCoy Tyner: Enlightenment (Milestone, 1973)
- Mike Oldfield: Live at Montreux 1981
- Miles Davis & Quincy Jones: Miles & Quincy Live at Montreux
- Nile Rodgers & Chic: Live at Montreux 2004
- Peter Tosh: Live at Montreux 1979
- Ray Charles: Live at Montreux 1997
- Simply Red: Live At Montreux Jazz Festival (part of Stars Collectors Edition)
- Steve Earle: Live at Montreux 2005
- Stevie Ray Vaughan: Live at Montreux 1982 and 1985
- Sun Ra: Live at Montreux (Sun Ra album) (CD/2xCD/LP/2xLP)
- The Dubliners: Live at Montreux (The Dubliners album)
- Tori Amos: Live at Montreux 1991/1992
- Talk Talk: Live at Montreux 1986
- Van Morrison: Live at Montreux 1980/1974
- Yes: Live at Montreux 2003
- Various Artists: Montreux Summit Volumes 1&2 1977 – Two double album sets consisting of an all-star concert with various Columbia label artists including Bob James, Stan Getz, Dexter Gordon, Billy Cobham, George Duke, Benny Golson, Eric Gale, Hubert Laws, Maynard Ferguson and many others.
References
- ^ "Géo Voumard, a Founder of the Montreux Jazz Festival, Dies at 87". New York Times. Agence France-Presse. 8 August 2008. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/05/arts/music/05voumard.html. Retrieved 11 September 2008.
- ^ Montreux Jazz Festival | The Festival > History.
- ^ jazz.blogspot.com (2011 [last update]). "polish-jazz: Piotr Orzechowski wins at Montreux...". polish-jazz.blogspot.com. http://polish-jazz.blogspot.com/2011/07/piotr-orzechowski-wins-at-montreux.html. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
- ^ Tamarkin, Jeff (2011 [last update]). "Jazz Articles: Montreux Jazz Solo Piano Competition Won by 20-Year-Old Pole – By Jeff Tamarkin – Jazz Articles". jazztimes.com. http://jazztimes.com/articles/28231-montreux-jazz-solo-piano-competition-won-by-20-year-old-pole. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
- ^ http://www.montreuxjazz.com/2011/en/festival/history
- ^ "Live in Montreux Jazz Festival 1990". http://www.israel-music.com/ofra_haza/live_montreux_jazz_festival_1990. Retrieved 10 August 2010.
Gary Moore & The Midnight Blues Band : Live at Montreux, 1990 (DVD)
External links
Categories:- Jazz festivals
- Music festivals in Switzerland
- Recurring events established in 1967
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