Ofra Haza

Ofra Haza
Haza in 1997
Background information
Birth name	Bat Sheva' Ofra Haza
Also known as	Ofra Haza
Born	November 19, 1957(1957-11-19)
Origin	Hatikva, Tel Aviv, Israel
Died	February 23, 2000(2000-02-23) (aged 42) Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
Genres	World, Pop, Ethnic electronica, Middle eastern
Occupations	Singer, songwriter, actress
Instruments	Vocals, Piano
Years active	1969–2000
Labels	Hed Arzi EastWest Records Shanachie Records BMG Ariola Ausfahrt Sire/Warner Bros. Records
Website	Ofra.Haza.Co.IL

Ofra Haza (Hebrew: עפרה חזה November 19, 1957 – February 23, 2000) was an Israeli singer of Yemeni origin, an actress and international recording artist.

Her voice has been described as mezzo-soprano,^[1] of near-flawless tonal quality, capable of lending itself to a variety of musical styles with apparent ease.^{[citation needed]}

Inspired by a love of her Yemeni Jewish culture, the appeal of her musical art quickly spread to a wider Middle Eastern audience, somehow bridging the divide between Israel and the Arab countries. As her career progressed, Haza was able to switch between traditional and more commercial singing styles without jeopardizing her credibility. Her music fused elements of Eastern and Western instrumentation, orchestration and dance-beat. She became successful in Europe and the Americas; during her singing career, she earned many platinum and gold discs.

Early life

Haza was born the youngest of nine children in the poor Tel Aviv neighborhood of Hatikvah. Her first home was at 39 Boaz Street.

At the age of 12, Haza joined a local theater troupe, and manager Bezalel Aloni spotted her singing talent. He staged many of his productions around Haza, and later became her manager and mentor. At the age of 19, she was Israel's first pop star and retrospectively, music journalists described her as "The Madonna of the East".

By the time she had completed her military service in 1979, Haza had matured as a singer and was ready to launch a solo career.

Career

Her first album, entitled Al Ahavot Shelanu (Our Love), was released in 1980 and yielded a string of popular radio hits, including Hageshem (The Rain), Shir Ahava La'chayal (Love Song For The Soldier), Kmo Tzipor (Like A Bird) and what ultimately became her signature song in Israel, Shir Ha'frecha (The Bimbo Song). The latter was written for the film Schlager (1979) in which Haza played a leading role. At first, radio stations across the country refused to play the song due to its explicit lyrics but it quickly climbed the charts and reached #1, where it stayed for five consecutive weeks.

A second album soon followed, Bo Nedaber (Let's Talk), which included the hugely popular hits Tfila (Prayer) and Simanim Shel Ohavim (Lovers Signs).

Her third album, Pituyim (Temptations) came out in 1982 and enjoyed equal success with such hits as Gabriel and Kol Yom Matchila Shana (A New Year Starts Everyday). With this album, more well-known writers agreed to write her songs, including Tzvika Pick and Nurit Hirsh.

In 1983, Haza's career jumped to a new level of success and popularity. At the Eurovision Song Contest, she came in a close second to the Luxembourg entry with the song "Chai" (Alive). Her popularity in Israel reached enormous heights. Her 1983 album, Chai, became her biggest-selling album to date and the title track was voted the #1 song of the year. Author and historian John Kennedy O'Connor notes in The Eurovision Song Contest – The Official History that Haza's performance of this song was highly symbolic as it contains the lyric "Israel Is Alive". As the contest was held in Munich, Germany, the scene of the 1972 Olympic's massacre, there was considerable patriotism involved with the Israeli entry.^[2] Additional hits from the album included Amen Lamilim (Amen For Words) and Sof Hakayitz (End Of Summer). Haza was voted "Female Vocalist Of The Year" four years in a row, from 1980 through 1983. Later that year, Haza released Shirey Moledet which consisted of her renditions of well-known Israeli folk songs. Public response was so overwhelming, she went on to release two more volumes (in 1985 and 1987).

Bait Ham (Warm House) was released in 1984 and included such hits as Yad Beyad (Hand In Hand), Itcha Halayla (With You Tonight) and the title track. The album quickly went gold. In December that year, Haza released what was to become the turning-point of her career, a collection of Yemenite songs, simply titled Yemenite Songs. Despite lukewarm radio airplay, the album went on to become a best-seller, quickly reaching platinum status. This LP was reissued in the United States by Shanachie Records under the title Fifty Gates of Wisdom.

The album Adama (Earth) followed in 1985 and saw the top writers in the country contribute to the album: Sasha Argov, Naomi Shemer, Ya'akov Orland and Ehud Manor, among others. The album produced the enormously popular hits, Adama, Goral Echad (One Destiny) and Mishehu Holech Tamid Iti (Someone Always Walks With Me).

In 1986, Haza tried to update her sound and gathered with acclaimed producer Izhar Ashdot to create Yamim Nishbarim (Broken Days). The album had an edgy rock sound and the lyrics were deep and personal and written by Haza herself, a first. The album went gold and produced the hits Kol Haklafim (Open Your Cards), Bo Ve-Nagen Oti (Come and Play Me) and Hake'ev Haze (This Pain).

When asked about her musical roots in an interview on KCRW-FM radio (1993, Santa Monica), Haza spoke of her Yemenite Jewish parents, a childhood filled with music and singing and a passion for traditional Yemenite songs, picked up from her mother. Questioned about the theatre troupe, she spoke of poverty and the total neglect of successive governments for the Hatikvah neighborhood; and how, by way of protest, the community had rallied to create something positive and dramatic, which would make others sit up and take notice of the forgotten neighbourhood.

International artist

Her major international breakthrough came in the wake of the album Shirei Teiman (Yemenite songs), which she recorded in 1984. The album consisted of songs that Haza had heard in childhood, using arrangements that combined authentic Middle Eastern percussion with classical instruments.^[3] Further recognition came with the single "Im Nin'Alu", taken from the album Shaday (1988), which won the New Music Award for Best International Album of the Year.^[4] The song topped the Eurochart for two weeks in June that year and was on heavy rotation on MTV channels across the continent. For years to come, this song would be extensively re-released, re-mixed and sampled, for example on Coldcut's remix of Eric B. & Rakim's "Paid in Full,". The single made only a brief appearance in the UK top 40 singles chart, but became a dance floor favorite across Europe and the USA, topping the German charts for nine weeks. Subsequent singles were also given the dance-beat / MTV-style video treatment, most notably, Galbi, Daw Da Hiya and Mata Hari, but none quite matched the runaway success of her first hit. Im Nin'alu would go on to be featured on an in-game radio playlist of the video game Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories, released in 2005 and featured on Panjabi MC's album "Indian Timing" in 2009.

Haza also received critical acclaim for the albums Fifty Gates of Wisdom (1988), Desert Wind (1989), Kirya (1992), Ofra Haza (1997) and for her collection of children's songs, L'Yeladim (1982).

In 1992, Kirya (co-produced by Don Was) received a Grammy nomination.^[4]

In 1994, Haza released her first Hebrew album in seven years, Kol Haneshama (The Whole Soul). Though not an initial chart success, the album produced one of her biggest hits to date, Le'orech Hayam (Along The Sea). The song did not have any substantial chart success upon its release to radio but became an anthem after Haza performed it on the assembly in memorial to deceased Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, a week after he was assassinated. Radio stations around the country started playing it and people took notice. Its lyrics became even more symbolic following Haza's own death in 2000.

Collaborations and performances

Her collaborative work with internationally established acts included the single "Temple of Love (Touched by the Hand of Ofra Haza)", recorded with The Sisters of Mercy in 1992. Thomas Dolby co-produced Yemenite Songs and Desert Wind, where he was also a guest musician. Haza guested on Dolby's album Astronauts And Heretics (1992), singing on the track "That's Why People Fall In Love". She recorded "My Love Is for Real" with Paula Abdul in 1995 and on Sarah Brightman's album Harem, Haza's vocals were included on "Mysterious Days", thanks to an idea by Brightman's partner Frank Peterson (ex-Enigma), who produced both Harem (2003) and the album Ofra Haza (1997).

For the Kirya album, Iggy Pop, a friend of Don Was, performed the narration on "Daw Da Hiya" and Haza joined him and a host of other stars for the video and single release "Give Peace A Chance" in 1991. She also sang on the soundtracks of Colors (1988), Dick Tracy (1990), Wild Orchid (1990), Queen Margot (1994) and The Prince of Egypt (1998). In The Prince of Egypt, she voiced the small role of Yocheved, as well as singing "Deliver Us". When Hans Zimmer, who was working with Haza on the music for The Prince of Egypt, introduced her to the artists, they thought that she was so beautiful that they drew Yocheved, whom Haza voiced, to look like the singer. For The Prince of Egypt's soundtracks, Haza sang the song "Deliver Us" in 18 languages (including Czech — "Tak vyveď nás", Dutch — "Verlos ons, Heer", English — "Deliver Us", Finnish — "Johdata", French — "Délivre nous", German — "Erlöse uns", Greek — "Eleftheri", Hebrew — "Hoshia Na", Hungarian — "Szabadíts", Italian — "Ascoltaci", Norwegian — "Befri Oss", Polish — "Uwolnij Nas", Portuguese — "Liberte Nos", Spanish — "Libranos", Swedish — "Befria Oss"; Turkish – "Mýsýr Prensi"; about half of these were sung phonetically). On the soundtrack of The Governess (1998), Haza is the featured singer on seven of the twelve tracks and worked closely with film music composer Edward Shearmur. In 1999, she performed (together with late Pakistani artist Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan) the track "Forgiveness", on the contemporary symphony album The Prayer Cycle by Jonathan Elias. As a featured background vocalist, Haza's voice has been recorded, re-mixed or sampled for Black Dog's "Babylon" single, Eric B and Rakim's "Paid In Full (Coldcut Remix)" and for the M/A/R/R/S hit "Pump Up The Volume". The single "Love Song" has been re-mixed by DJs many times, its powerful vocal performance and comparatively sparse musical arrangement making it the perfect vehicle for a dance-rhythm accompaniment.

Covers of songs by other artists included the Carole King / James Taylor classic "You've Got a Friend", Madonna's "Open Your Heart", Gary Moore's "Separate Ways", and Led Zeppelin's "Kashmir".

There were many distinguished live performances and Haza spoke with fond memories of her visits to Japan and Turkey. Notable too, was her performance at the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize Ceremony in Oslo, where she appeared alongside Irish singer Sinéad O'Connor. "Paint Box" was written specially for the event. Her 1990 live recording, Ofra Haza At Montreux Jazz Festival was released in 1998.

Haza shared duets and concert performances with Glykeria, Yehudit Ravitz, Paul Anka, Paula Abdul, Michael Jackson, Iggy Pop, Hoite, Buddha Bar, Ishtar, Gidi Gov, Whitney Houston, Tzvika Pick, Khaled, Prachim Yerushalaim, The Sisters of Mercy, Thomas Dolby, Stefan Waggershausen, Eric B and Rakim, Gila Miniha, Hans Zimmer, Hagashash Hachiver, Yaffa Yarkoni, Shoshana Damari and posthumously with Sarah Brightman.

At the fall of 1999, Haza recorded new material for a new album that she worked on with Ron Aviv, a music producer from Petah Tikva. At the time, she also worked with the Finnish violinist Linda Brava, who released a previously unreleased track called Tarab on her MySpace page on May 14, 2010. On the track, Haza sings in English, Arabic and Hebrew, while Brava plays the electric violin. The track might be the last recording of Haza, before she died.^[5]

Marriage

On July 15, 1997, Haza married businessman Doron Ashkenazi. They had no children together. Ashkenazi died of a suspected drug overdose after Haza's death, on April 7, 2001,^[6] leaving a daughter from his previous marriage and a 14-year-old adopted son Shai Ashkenazi.^[7]

Death

Ofra Haza's grave in Yarkon Cemetery

A memorial to Ofra Haza in Ha'tikva neighborhood garden, Tel Aviv

Ofra Haza died on February 23, 2000 at the age of 42, of AIDS-related pneumonia. While the fact of her HIV infection is now generally acknowledged, the decision by the major Israeli newspaper Ha'aretz to report about it shortly after her death caused controversy in Israel.^[8]

After Haza's death was announced, Israeli radio stations played non-stop retrospectives of her music and then Prime Minister Ehud Barak praised her work as a cultural emissary, commenting that she also represented the Israeli success story — "Ofra emerged from the Hatikvah slums to reach the peak of Israeli culture. She has left a mark on us all".

The disclosure that Haza had likely died as a result of AIDS added another layer to the public mourning. The fact that a star with a reputation for clean living could be stricken caused shock among fans, debate about the media's potential invasion of her privacy, and speculation about how she had become infected, particularly blaming her husband.^[9]

As reported indirectly some years later, her husband, who died in 2001, had said that she became infected as a result of a blood transfusion in a hospital following a miscarriage.^[10]

She is buried in the Artists section of Yarkon Cemetery in Petah Tikva.

Legacy

Memorial plaque in memory of Ofra Haza at her childhood home in 39 Boaz Street, Tel Aviv

Bezalel Aloni, Haza's manager and producer of 28 years, published a book Michtavim L'Ofra (Letters to Ofra) in 2007. The book is partly Aloni's autobiography and partly a biography of Haza, and includes letters written by Aloni.^[11]

In 2005, she was voted the 32nd-greatest Israeli of all time, in a poll by the Israeli news website Ynet to determine whom the general public considered the 200 Greatest Israelis.^[12]

On March 22, 2007, on the seventh anniversary of her death, the Tel Aviv-Jaffa Municipality and the Tel Aviv Development Fund renamed part of the public park in the Hatikva Quarter Gan Ofra (Ofra's Park) in her honor. The park is placed at the end of Bo'az street where Haza's childhood home was. The park features a children's playground, symbolizing her love for children and the old quarter where she grew up and always came back to.

Tributes

• Touched By The Hand of Ofra Haza Fanzine (2008–09) was a tribute fanzine.
• Sharim Ofra (Singing Ofra) 2002 — A tribute concert to commemorate the life of Ofra Haza where Israeli singers sang Haza's songs.

Documentaries

• Life & Death of Ofra Haza 2002 — Aired on the Israeli channel 2, January 29, 2002. This documentary in Hebrew focuses on Haza's entire life and career until her sad death.
• Sodot (Secrets) 2005 — Aired on Israeli channel YES, this documentary in Hebrew and partly English is about Haza's life and attempts to answer questions surrounding her death.
• Dokoceleb Ofra Haza 2007 — Aired on the Israeli entertainment station HOT, February 22, 2007. This documentary in Hebrew focuses on Haza's career, achievements and marriage.
• Lost Treasure of Ofra Haza 2010 — Aired on the Israeli channel 10, February 22, 2010. This documentary in Hebrew and partly English focuses on Haza's inheritance.

Albums with Shechunat Hatikvah Workshop Theatre

• 1974 — Ahava Rishona (First Love)
• 1976 — Vehutz Mizeh Hakol Beseder (Aside From That All Is Ok)
• 1977 — Atik Noshan (Ancient Old)

Solo albums

• 1979 — Shir HaShirim Besha'ashu'im (Song Of Songs with Fun)
• 1980 — Al Ahavot Shelanu (About Our Loves)
• 1981 — Bo Nedaber (Let's Talk)
• 1982 — Pituyim (Temptations)
• 1982 — Li-yeladim (Songs For Children)
• 1983 — Hai (Alive)
• 1983 — Greatest Hits
• 1983 — Shirei Moledet A (a.k.a. Shirei Moledet 1) (Homeland Songs A)
• 1984 — Bayt Ham (A Place for Me)
• 1984 — Shirei Teyman (a.k.a. Yemenite Songs or Fifty Gates of Wisdom)
• 1985 — Adamah (Earth)
• 1985 — Shirei Moledet B (a.k.a. Shirei Moledet 2) (Homeland Songs B)
• 1986 — Albom Hazahav (Golden Album)
• 1986 — Yamim Nishbarim (Broken Days)
• 1987 — Shirei Moledet C (a.k.a. Shirei Moledet 3) (Homeland Songs C)
• 1988 — Shaday
• 1989 — Desert Wind
• 1989 — Yemenite Love
• 1992 — Kirya
• 1993 — Oriental Nights
• 1994 — Kol Haneshama (My Soul)
• 1995 — Star Gala
• 1997 — Ofra Haza
• 1998 — Ofra Haza At Montreux Jazz Festival
• 2000 — Manginat Halev vol. 1 (Melody Of The Heart vol. 1)
• 2004 — Manginat Halev vol. 2 (Melody Of The Heart vol. 2)
• 2007 — The Remixes
• 2008 — Forever Ofra Haza - Her Greatest Songs Remixed

Soundtracks

• 1988 — Colors
• 1990 — Dick Tracy
• 1990 — Wild Orchid
• 1994 — soundtrack for La Reine Margot (Queen Margot)
• 1998 — The Prince of Egypt
• 1998 — The Governess
• 1999 — The King And I (Hebrew version)
• 2000 — American Psycho: Music from the Controversial Motion Picture

See also

• Mizrahi Music
• List of mezzo-sopranos in non-classical music

References

1. ^ Pareles, Jon (February 24, 2000). "Ofra Haza, 41, Israeli Pop Singer Who Crossed Cultural Bounds". The New York Times (New York, USA). http://www.nytimes.com/2000/02/24/arts/ofra-haza-41-israeli-pop-singer-who-crossed-cultural-bounds.html. Retrieved July 28, 2011. 
2. ^ John Kennedy O'Connor (2007). The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official History. Carlton Books, Limited. ISBN 978-1-84442-994-3. 
3. ^ Ofra Haza in the "Jewish Women's Archive"
4. ^ ^{a b} "Ofra Haza: From Hatikva to Hollywood". Jerusalem Post online. February 24, 2000. http://info.jpost.com/2000/Supplements/OfraHaza/article2.html. 
5. ^ Linda Lampenius Official Homepage
6. ^ Amit Ben-Aroya. "Ofra Haza's husband found dead, police suspect drug overdose", Haaretz, April 7, 2001
7. ^ Greer Fay Cashman. "Jerusalem Post Article about Shai Ashkenazi", The Jerusalem Post, October 21, 2007
8. ^ Sontag, Deborah (February 29, 2000). "A Pop Diva, a Case of AIDS and an Israeli Storm". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2000/02/29/world/a-pop-diva-a-case-of-aids-and-an-israeli-storm.html?pagewanted=1. Retrieved February 23, 2010. 
9. ^ "Singer's death prompts Aids debate". BBC News (London). March 5, 2000. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/666770.stm. Retrieved February 24, 2010. 
10. ^ "Ofra Haza: Madonna of the dark soul". The Guardian (London). December 9, 2010. http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/dec/09/ofra-haza-madonna-of-the-dark-soul. Retrieved December 15, 2010. 
11. ^ "'Letters to Ofra' – The double life of Ofra Haza". http://www.haaretz.com/news/the-double-life-of-ofra-haza-1.225279. Retrieved October 18, 2010. 
12. ^ גיא בניוביץ' (June 20, 1995). "הישראלי מספר 1: יצחק רבין – תרבות ובידור". Ynet. http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3083171,00.html. Retrieved July 10, 2011. 

External links

• Ofra Haza Official Website (Hebrew)
• Ofra Haza at Internet Movie Database
• Ofra Haza memorial page at Find a Grave

Awards and achievements
Preceded by Avi Toledano with "Hora"	Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 1983	Succeeded by Izhar Cohen with "Olé, Olé"

Persondata
Name	Haza, Ofra
Alternative names
Short description	Israeli singer
Date of birth	November 19, 1957
Place of birth	Tel Aviv, Israel
Date of death	February 23, 2000
Place of death	Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel