Mumbai Police

Mumbai Police मुंबई पोलिस
Abbreviation	(मु.पो)ll;l;l;
Logo of the Mumbai Police
Motto	" सद्रक्षणाय खलनिग्रहणाय"
	"sadrakṣaṇāya khalanigrahaṇāya" (Sanskrit:"To protect the good and to restrain the evil")
Agency overview
Formed	1661/1669[citation needed]
Employees	40,914
Legal personality	Governmental: Government agency
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdiction*	City of Mumbai, India
Mumbai Police jurisdictional area
Size	603.4 km² (233 sq mi)
Population	13,662,885
General nature	Law enforcement Local civilian police
Operational structure
Overviewed by	Maharashtra State Government
Headquarters	The Office of Commissioner of Police
Elected officer responsible	R. R. Patil (Home Minister)
Agency executive	Anup Patnaik (Since 1 June 2010), Commissioner
Parent agency	Maharashtra Police
Facilities
Stations	89
Boats	10~15
Website
www.mumbaipolice.org
Footnotes
* Divisional agency: Division of the country, over which the agency has usual operational jurisdiction.

The Mumbai Police (Marathi मुंबई पोलिस) (also known as Brihanmumbai Police) is the police force of the city of Mumbai, India. It has the primary responsibilities of law enforcement and investigation within the limits of Mumbai. The department's motto is "Sadrakṣaṇāya Khalanigrahaṇāya" (Sanskrit: सद्रक्षणाय खलनिग्रहणाय, "To protect the good and to punish the evil"). Although considered one of the best police forces in the world for solving high profile, high stakes crimes, Mumbai police is also thought to be influenced by local politicians.

It is headed by the Commissioner of Mumbai Police, who is generally an Indian Police Service (IPS) officer. The current commissioner is Arup Patnaik.

History

Origins

During the 16th century up to 1655, the area of present day Mumbai was under Portuguese control. The Portuguese established a basic law enforcement structure in this area, with the establishment of a Police out-post in 1661.^[1]

In 1669 East India Company was given Bombay Island from king Charles II. who had acquired it when marrying a Portuguese princess a few years before. The origins of the present day Mumbai police can be traced back to a militia organised by Gerald Aungier, the then Governor of Mumbai in 1669. This Bhandari Militia was composed of around 500 men and was head quartered at Mahim, Sewree and Sion.^[2] In 1672, the judicial overview of police decisions by courts was introduced, although none of the judges had any actual lefal training.^[3] The situation remained unchanged through the Maratha wars.^[4] However, by 1682, policing remained stagnant - there was only one ensign for the whole Bhandari militia, and there were only three sergeants and two corporals.^[1]

Creation and early days

On 29 March 1780, the office of the Lieutenant of Police was dissolved and on its place, an office of Deputy of Police was created. James Tod, the then Lieutenant of Police, was appointed as the first Deputy of Police on 5 April 1780. He was tried and dismissed for corruption in 1790. Subsequently, the designation was changed to "Deputy of Police and High Constable".^[1]

In 1793, Act XXXIII, Geo. III was promulgated. The post of Deputy of Police was abolished and a post of Superintendent of Police was created in its place, with a Deputy of Superintendent of Police assisting him. Mr. Simon Halliday was the first Superintendent of Police, and governed till 1808. During this time, a thorough revision and re-arrangement of policing in the area outside the Fort was carried out. The troublesome area known as "Dungree and the Woods" was split up into 14 Police divisions, each division being staffed by two English constables and a varying number of Peons (not exceeding 130 for the whole area), who were to be stationary in their respective charges and responsible for dealing with all illegal acts committed within their limits.^[1]

Post-1857

A Mumbai Policeman during the 19th century

Mumbai Police Headquarters in a heritage Gothic-style building.

After the cementing of English Rule in India after the 1857 Mutiny, in 1864, the three Presidency towns of Bombay, Calcutta and Madras were given Commissioners of Police. On 14 December 1864, Sir Frank Souter was appointed the first Police Commissioner of Mumbai. He remained in office for 24 years, till July 3, 1888. During that year (1864), Khan Bahadur Sheikh Ibrahim Sheikh Imam became the first Indian appointed to a police officer's post.^[4]

In 1896 the Commissioner's office moved to an Anglo-Gothic revival building, which it still occupies to this day. The Police Headquarters building is a protected heritage site.

Pre-independence

After 1947

After independence, many changes to the Mumbai Police were instituted. On 15 August 1947, J.S. Bharucha became the first Indian head of the Mumbai Police, taking over from the last British Commissioner, Mr. A.E. Caffin.^[1]

A dog squad was set up in 1965. Computers were first used by the Mumbai police in 1976. A Narcotics Cell and an anti-terrorist special operations squad were created in 1989. In 1995, the control room was computerised, and finally, in 1997, the Mumbai Police went online.^[4]

Modernisation and present day

Massive modernisation of Mumbai Police was done during 2005. New vehicles, guns and electronic equipment were procured for police use. The Tourist Squad was also created to patrol the beaches of Mumbai. On 30 May 2009 the Maharashtra government in Mumbai set up a police station dedicated to tackling cyber crime. It is third such facility in India after Bangalore and Hyderabad. The dedicated police station will now register first information report on its own and investigate the offences pertaining to cyber space. The police station will take care of all cyber cases in the city including that of terror e-mails. The existing Cyber Crime Investigation Cell of the city police probes cyber offences, but the FIRs are registered in local police stations depending on the site of the offence. A specially trained team of over 25 policemen, headed by an Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP), has been selected for the new job. The facility will function under the supervision of Deputy Commissioner of Police (Preventive) and Joint Commissioner of Police (Crime).^[5]

Jurisdiction and duties

Organisation

The Mumbai Police is headed by a Police Commissioner, who is an IPS officer. The Mumbai Police comes under the state Home Ministry. The city is divided into Eleven police zones and Twenty Five traffic police zones, each headed by a Deputy Commissioner of Police. The Traffic Police is a semi-autonomous body under the Mumbai Police.^[6]

Geographical division

Mumbai Police Has total 89 Police Stations in its Jurisdiction. For Administrative purpose Mumbai police is divided in to 12 Zones and one additional Port Zone. Police stations under Port Zone keep vigil on the Mumbai Port. Each Zone contains 3 to 4 Police Stations. Broadly Mumbai police is divided in to five regions namely Central, North, South, East and West. Each Region having 3 to 4 Zones.^[7] The in charge of each zone is a DCP. And In charge of Police station is Police Inspector commonly known as Sr. Police Inspector which is an honorary designiation.

Hierarchy

Main article: Police ranks and insignia of India

Police Inspector in Mumbai Police

Rank structure of the Mumbai Police
Rank	Abbreviation	Strength
Commissioner of Police	C.P	1
Joint Commissioner of Police	Jt.CP	5
Additional Commissioner of Police	Addl.CP	12
Deputy Commissioner of Police	DCP	38
Additional Deputy Commissioner of Police	Addl.DCP
Assistant Commissioner of Police	ACP	124
Police Inspector	PI	977
Assistant Police Inspector	API	756
Police Sub Inspector	PSI	2850
Assistant Sub Inspector	ASI	3329
Head Constable	HC	8146
Police Naik	PN	6010
Police Constable	PC	18666

^[8]

Recruitment

Those who join the police force through the constabulary exam enter the force at the lowest ranks of the force. Their starting rank is that of a Police constable. Those who join the Police force through the state examination (Maharashtra state Public Service Commission) hold a starting rank of Sub Inspector of Police. Those who join the police force through the civil service examination (UPSC) also known as the IPS exam hold a starting rank of Deputy Commissioner of Police less than 10 years of service. Generally the IPS officers make it to the higher ranks of Joint Commissioner of Police or Commissioner of Police. The Commissioner of Police for Mumbai also holds the rank of Additional Director General of Police Maharashtra.

Subunits

Mumbai Police is divided into the following units:

• Crime Branch
• Cyber Cell
• Detection Unit (Wrongly known as Mumbai Encounter Squad Officially or unofficially Encounter squad does not exist. Its the name given by media )
• Anti Terrorist Squad
• Law and Order
• Traffic Police
• Administration
• Social Service Cell
• Narcotics Cell
• Wireless Cell
• Local Armed Police
• Anti Robbery Squad
• Anti-Extortion Cell
• Modus Operandi Bureau
• Missing Persons Bureau
• Special Branch
• Protection & Security
• Riot Control Police
• Economic Offences Wing
• Juvenile AID Protection Unit
• Quick Response Team
• Force One

Each of these units have a commander who officially hold the rank of Joint Commissioner of Police.

High profile cases

26 November 2008 Mumbai attacks

Main article: 26 November 2008 Mumbai attacks

Anti-Terrorism Squad Chief Hemant Karkare, Additional Commissioner of Police Ashok Kamte and Encounter specialist Vijay Salaskar died while operating against terrorists. In the following year, as a response to these attacks, a specialized counter-terrorism unit, Force One was formed and commissioned on November 24, 2009, two days before the anniversary of the 26/11 terror attacks.

Equipment

Weapons

Rifles SMLE Mk III*, Ishapore 2A1,SUB Machine GUN CARBINE 9 mm 1A1, 7.62 MM 1A1, Assault Rifle 7.62 mm, 38 MM Multi Shot Riot Gun, INSAS 5.56 mm, AK-47(247 in total),^[9] FN-FAL

250 MP5 German automatic assault rifles have just been ordered.,^[10] M4,M107 anti-material rifle and SWAT equipment.

Pistols Glock pistol, PISTOL AUTO 9mm 1A, Smith & Wesson M&P.

Detail List of Mumbai police's Vehicles

C.P.Pool Mumbai Brakeup wise Vehicle Fleet[11]
Sr.No.	Vehicle Category wise	Total Vehicle Fleet
1	Special Purpose Vehicle	49
2	Big Vehicle	206
3	Light Vehicle	282
4	Jeep Category	906
5	Car Category	155
6	Motor Cycle	1403
	Total	3055

36 speed boats have been ordered.^[10]

Mumbai police in popular culture

Because Bollywood, India's Hindi film industry, is primarily in Mumbai, the Mumbai police has been frequently portrayed in films:

• Aan: Men at Work (2004): Directed by Madhur Bhandarkar, the movie is about the life of a common police officer.
• Black Friday (2004): The movie dealt with the conspiracy and the police investigation of the 1993 Mumbai Bombings.
• Khakee
• Shootout at Lokhandwala (2007): Based on a shootout between the Mumbai Police and gangsters of the Maya Dolas gang of the Mumbai Underworld at Lokhandwala Complex on November 16, 1991.
• Mumbai Meri Jaan (2008): The film dealt with the aftermath of the 2006 Mumbai train bombings. One of the main stories is about the trials and tribulations of two constables of the Mumbai police.
• Dum
• Wanted
• Sarfarosh

Most of these films are based on the operational groups most commonly known as Encounter Squads. Officers like Pradeep Sharma, Vijay Salaskar, Daya Nayak, Sachin Waze have headed these squads. They are also known as demolition men.

Contact numbers

• Emergency Number: 100, 22625052, 22621983, 22651855

Helpline No. :- 1090

See also

Law enforcement/Law enforcement topics portal

• Mumbai
• History of Mumbai
• Mumbai Fire Brigade
• Maharashtra Police

Gallery

• 

  Constable/ Havaldar of the Mumbai Police

• 

  Police on Bandobast on Gokul astami festival

• 

  Van used by Bomb Disposal Squad

• 

  Mumbai Police Bus

• 

  Police Constable close up

• 

  Vajra the riot control vehicle of Mumbai Police

• 

  Bullet Proof Vehicle of Mumbai police (Inducted in 2009)

• 

  Elite force of Mumbai Police

Literature

• Kadam, B. S. Sri; Socio-Historical Study Of Police Administration in Bombay Presidency (1861 to 1947); Kolhapur 1993 (Diss. Shivaji University)
• Kennedy, M. Notes On Criminal Classes in the Bombay Presidency Appendices regarding some Foreign Criminals who occasionally visit the Presidency: Including Hints on the Detection of Counterfeit Coin; Bombay 1908
• Edwardes, Stephen M. (Commissioner of Police); The Bombay City Police: A Historical Sketch, 1672–1916; Bombay u.a. 1923
• Edwardes, Stephen M.; Crime in India: Brief Review of the more Important Offences included in the Annual Criminal Returns with Chapters on Prostitution & Miscellaneous Matters; Oxford u.a. 1924
• Statistiken: gedruckt im: Annual Report of Police for the Town and Island of Bombay, laufende Monatsstatistiken auf Mumbai Police

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e} Mumbai Police - History at the Mumbai Police Website
2. ^ "Maharashtra State Gazetteers - Greater Bombay District". Maharashtra.gov.in. http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/greater_bombay/law.html. Retrieved 2010-09-01. 
3. ^ Edwardes (1923), p 19
4. ^ ^{a b c} Mumbai Police Force History on TIFR website.
5. ^ "Cyber crime police station in Mumbai". Ndtv.com. http://www.ndtv.com/news/india/cyber_crime_police_station_in_mumbai.php. Retrieved 2010-09-01. 
6. ^ "MUMBAI POLICE: CUSTODIANS OF YOUR TRUST". Mumbai Police. http://www.mumbaipolice.org/. Retrieved 2008-01-27. 
7. ^ "About Us". Mumbai Police. http://www.mumbaipolice.org/aboutus/. Retrieved 2010-09-01. 
8. ^ "About Us". Mumbai Police. http://www.mumbaipolice.org/aboutus/hierarchy.htm. Retrieved 2010-09-01. 
9. ^ "On 26/11, cops had 247 AK-47s, but they stayed under lock & key - Mumbai - DNA". Dnaindia.com. 2009-12-24. http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_on-26-11-cops-had-247-ak-47s-but-they-stayed-under-lock-and-key_1326945. Retrieved 2010-09-01. 
10. ^ ^{a b} "No consensus on security plan even a month after Mumbai attacks". Business-standard.com. 2008-12-27. http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=344449. Retrieved 2010-09-01. 
11. ^ http://mahapolice.gov.in/
12. ^ "Mumbai Police Recruitment 2010 , Mumbai Police result, Maharashtra Police". Thecurrentaffairs.com. http://thecurrentaffairs.com/mumbai-police-recruitment-2010-mumbai-police-result-maharashtra-police.html. Retrieved 2010-09-01. 

External links

• Official website of the Mumbai Police
• Mumbai Traffic Police