National Security Guards

Infobox Law enforcement agency
agencyname = National Security Guards
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abbreviation = NSG
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formedyear = 1985
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country = India
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constitution1 = National Security Guard Act, 1985
speciality = paramilitary
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electeetype = Minister
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minister1pfo = Ministry of Home Affairs
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parentagency = Indian Police Service
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activity1name = Black Thunder
activity2name = Ashwamedh
activity3name = Combat missions in Jammu and Kashmir
activity4name = Vajra Shakti
activitytype = Operation
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website = [http://www.nsg.gov.in www.nsg.gov.in]
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National Security Guards (NSG) is a Special Response Unit in India that has primarily been utilised for counter-terrorism activities and was created by the Cabinet Secretariat under the National Security Guard Act of the Parliament in 1985. The NSG operates under the oversight of the Ministry of Home Affairs and is headed by the Director General of the Indian Police Service (IPS). [cite web
url=http://nsg.gov.in/FormerDGs.htm
title=NSG
author=FORMER DGS
publisher=OFFICIAL WEBSITE NSG
accessdate=2007-10-05] The NSG members are also known as Black Cats because of the black nomex coveralls and balaclavas or assault helmets they wear.

Functions

The NSG's roles include protecting VIPs, conducting anti-sabotage checks, rescuing hostages, neutralizing terrorist threats to vital installations, engaging terrorists and responding to hijacking and piracy. The NSG is much sought after for VVIP security for high-risk VVIPs in India; this task is done by the SRG of the NSG. The SAG is strike force in anti-terrorist and anti-hijack operations, supported by the SRG and others. NSG's specific goals include:
* Neutralization of terrorist threats
* Handling hijacking situations in air and on land.
* Bomb disposal (search, detection and neutralisation of IEDs).
* PBI (Post Blast Investigation)
* Engaging and neutralizing terrorists in specific situations
* Rescue of hostages

The NSG has a total personnel strength of about 14,500. The NSG was modeled on the pattern of the SAS of the UK and GSG-9 of Germany. It is a task-oriented force and has two complementary elements in the form of the Special Action Group (SAG) and the Special Ranger Groups (SRG). All the personnel are on deputation. The SAG is the offensive wing drawn from members of the Indian Army. The SRG consists of members from other paramilitary forces such as the Border Security Force (BSF) and Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) and State Police forces. There are other specialized units also.

The NSG Training Centre is a Centre of Excellence and the National Bomb Data Centre holds international conferences. Both are located at Manesar in Haryana. The NSG HQ Exchange is located at Mehramnagar, Palam .

History

The NSG was established under the National Security Guard Act of 1986. The act was in response to the 1984 Operation Bluestar; the advance of Indian military to remove Sikh terrorists who had seized control of the Golden Temple. The operation involved a significantly large number of military combatants; casualties, numbering in few hundreds, also involved civilians. The temple also suffered heavy damages. The operation highlighted the need for a force specialising in counter-terrorist operations with greater efficiency.

The NSG commandos were first used to combat the insurgency movement in the Indian state of Punjab in 1985. They are now primarily utilised for counter-terrorist activities and have been continuing major combat operations in Jammu and Kashmir.

The NSG is not often deployed publicly, with most of its operations still remaining classified. Its most recent known deployment was Operation Vajra Shakti to end the Akshardham Temple siege in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.

Some of the NSG's previous operations include:
* May 12, 1988 — assault on the Golden Temple during Operation Black Thunder II
* April 25, 1994 — rescue of hijacked plane Indian Airlines Boeing 737 during Operation Ashwamedh
* October, 1998 — major combat missions in Jammu and Kashmir
* July 15, 1999 — rescue of 12 hostages held by armed Islamic terrorists who had stormed an apartment complex in Kashmir and killed 4 people
* September 25, 2002 — Operation Vajra Shakti to free hostages held by Islamic terrorists who had killed 26 worshippers at the Akshardham temple in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. They suffered their only combat death to date in this operation. Another commando, who was seriously injured and was in a coma, died after 18 months.

Former NSG CHIEFS

*Sh RT Nagrani
*Sh MC Mishra
*Sh KL Watts
*Sh SD Pandey
*Sh HP Bhatnagar
*Sh VP Marwah
*Sh DVLN Ramakrishna Rao
*Dr S Subramanian
*Sh RK Wadehra
*Sh BJS Sial
*Sh AK Tandon
*Sh RD Tyagi
*Sh GS Pandher
*Sh TR Kakkar
*Sh Nikhil Kumar
*Sh Gurbachan Jagat
*Dr R Rajagopalan
*Sh RS Mooshahary
*Sh AK Mitra
*Dr GS Rajagopal
*Sh Jyoti Krishan Dutt

In fiction

* Kashmeeram - A Malayalam movie starring Suresh Gopi
* Keerthi Chakra -- A Malayalam movie directed by Major Ravi starring Mohanlal
* Mission 90 Days - A Malayalam movie directed by Major Ravi starring Mammooty
* Baazi - A Hindi movie directed by Ashutosh Gowarikar starring Aamir Khan
* Aran -- A Tamil movie directed by Major Ravi starring Jeeva
* Kurukshethra -- The New Malayalam movie directed by Major Ravi starring Mohanlal

Varanaam Aayiram New Images suggest Surya Sivakumar's Character portrays an NSG agent

ee also

*Special Forces of India
*Paramilitary forces of India

References

External links

*cite web |author=NSG |title=National Security Guard |url=http://www.nsg.gov.in |: Official Website of NSG
* [http://nsg.gov.in/FormerDGs.htm Former NSG DGS]
*cite web |author=India Defence |title=National Security Guards |url=http://www.india-defence.com/military/nationalsecurityguards | accessmonthday = May 14 |accessyear=2006
*cite web |author=Bharat Rakshak |title=National Security Guards |url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Special-Forces/NSG.html | accessmonthday = May 14 |accessyear=2006
*cite web |author=Federation of American Scientists |title=National Security Guards |url=http://www.fas.org/irp/world/india/mod/nsg.htm | accessmonthday = May 14 |accessyear=2006