Deep cerebellar nuclei

Brain: Deep cerebellar nuclei
Sagittal section through right cerebellar hemisphere. The right olive has also been cut sagitally. (Nucleus dentatus labeled at center top.)
Microcircuitry of the cerebellum. Excitatory synapses are denoted by (+) and inhibitory synapses by (-). MF: Mossy fiber. DCN: Deep cerebellar nuclei. IO: Inferior olive. CF: Climbing fiber. GC: Granule cell. PF: Parallel fiber. PC: Purkinje cell. GgC: Golgi cell. SC: Stellate cell. BC: Basket cell.
Latin	nuclei cerebelli
Gray's	subject #187 796
Part of	Cerebellum
Components	Dentate nucleus, Emboliform nucleus, Fastigial nucleus, Globose nucleus
Artery	Superior cerebellar
NeuroNames	hier-679

The Cerebellum has four deep cerebellar nuclei embedded in the white matter in its center.

Inputs

These nuclei receive inhibitory (GABAergic) inputs from Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex and excitatory (glutamatergic) inputs from mossy fiber and climbing fiber pathways. Most output fibers of the cerebellum originate from these nuclei. One exception is that fibers from the flocculonodular lobe synapse directly on vestibular nuclei without first passing through the deep cerebellar nuclei. The vestibular nuclei in the brainstem are analogous structures to the deep nuclei, since they receive both mossy fiber and Purkinje cell inputs.

Specific nuclei

From lateral to medial, the four deep cerebellar nuclei are the dentate, emboliform, globose, and fastigii. An easy mnemonic device to remember their names and positions relative to the midline is the phrase "Don't Eat Greasy Food," where each letter indicates the lateral to medial location in the cerebellar white matter, and the Too reflects the presence of two globus nuclei on each side.

Some animals, including humans, do not have distinct emboliform and globose nuclei, instead having a single, fused nucleus interpositus (interposed nucleus). In animals with distinct emboliform and globose nuclei, the term interposed nucleus is often used to refer collectively to these two nuclei.

Somatotopy

In general, each pair of deep nuclei is associated with a corresponding region of cerebellar surface anatomy.

• The dentate nuclei are deep within the lateral hemispheres,
• the interposed nuclei are located in the paravermal (intermediate) zone,
• and the fastigial nuclei are in the vermis.

These structural relationships are generally maintained in the neuronal connections between the nuclei and associated cerebellar cortex,

• with the dentate nucleus receiving most of its connections from the lateral hemispheres,
• the interposed nuclei receiving inputs mostly from the paravermis,
• and the fastigial nucleus receiving primarily afferents from the vermis.

See also

External links

• Neuroanatomy at UW cere/text/P5/intro.htm
• http://www.mona.uwi.edu/fpas/courses/physiology/neurophysiology/Cerebellum.htm