Viridiplantae

Viridiplantae
An assortment of thallophyte viridiplantae in a rock pool, Taiwan
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
(unranked):	Archaeplastida
Phylum:	Viridiplantae

Viridiplantae (literally "green plants")^[1][2][3] are a clade comprising the green algae and land plants.^[4][5]

In some classification systems they have been treated as a kingdom,^[6] under various names, e.g. Viridiplantae, Chlorobionta, or simply Plantae, the latter expanding the traditional Plant Kingdom to include the green algae. Adl et al., who produced a classification for all eukaryotes in 2005, introduced the name Chloroplastida for this group, reflecting the group having primary chloroplasts with green chlorophyll. They rejected the name Viridiplantae on the grounds that most of the species are not plants, as understood traditionally.^[7]

Together with Rhodophyta and glaucophytes, Viridaeplantae are thought to belong to a larger clade called Archaeplastida or Primoplantae.

The monophyletic Chlorophyta and Streptophyta are classified under Viridiplantae.^[8]

There are more than 350,000 species of Viridiplantae.^[9]

A taxonomic evaluation of eukaryotes based on myosin distribution showed that Viridiplantae lost class-I myosins.^[10]

References

1. ^ Duvick J, Fu A, Muppirala U, et al (January 2008). "PlantGDB: a resource for comparative plant genomics". Nucleic Acids Res. 36 (Database issue): D959–65. doi:10.1093/nar/gkm1041. PMC 2238959. PMID 18063570. http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=18063570. 
2. ^ "www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=33090. Retrieved 2009-03-08. 
3. ^ Cocquyt E, Verbruggen H, Leliaert F, Zechman FW, Sabbe K, De Clerck O (2009). "Gain and loss of elongation factor genes in green algae". BMC Evol. Biol. 9: 39. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-39. PMC 2652445. PMID 19216746. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/9/39. 
4. ^ Becker B (2007). "Function and evolution of the vacuolar compartment in green algae and land plants (Viridiplantae)". Int. Rev. Cytol. 264: 1–24. doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(07)64001-7. PMID 17964920. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0074-7696(07)64001-7. 
5. ^ Kim E, Graham LE (2008). Redfield, Rosemary Jeanne. ed. "EEF2 analysis challenges the monophyly of Archaeplastida and Chromalveolata". PLoS ONE 3 (7): e2621. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002621. PMC 2440802. PMID 18612431. http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002621. 
6. ^ "Viridiplantae". http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/33090. Retrieved 2009-03-08. 
7. ^ Adl, Sina M.; et al. (2005), "The New Higher Level Classification of Eukaryotes with Emphasis on the Taxonomy of Protists", Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 52 (5): 399, doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00053.x, http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00053.x 
8. ^ Simon A, Glöckner G, Felder M, Melkonian M, Becker B (2006). "EST analysis of the scaly green flagellate Mesostigma viride (Streptophyta): implications for the evolution of green plants (Viridiplantae)". BMC Plant Biol. 6: 2. doi:10.1186/1471-2229-6-2. PMC 1413533. PMID 16476162. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/6/2. 
9. ^ Smith SA, Beaulieu JM, Donoghue MJ (2009). "Mega-phylogeny approach for comparative biology: an alternative to supertree and supermatrix approaches". BMC Evol. Biol. 9: 37. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-37. PMC 2645364. PMID 19210768. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/9/37. 
10. ^ Odronitz F, Kollmar M (2007). "Drawing the tree of eukaryotic life based on the analysis of 2,269 manually annotated myosins from 328 species". Genome Biol. 8 (9): R196. doi:10.1186/gb-2007-8-9-r196. PMC 2375034. PMID 17877792. http://genomebiology.com/1465-6906/8/R196.