Dikarya

Dikarya
Amanita pantherina, from the Basidiomycota
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Subkingdom:	Dikarya Hibbett, T.Y.James & Vilgalys (2007)[1]
Phyla
Ascomycota Basidiomycota
Synonyms[1]
Carpomycetaceae Bessey (1907) Neomycota Caval.-Sm. (1998)

Dikarya is a subkingdom of Fungi that includes the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, both of which in general produce dikaryons, may be filamentous or unicellular, but are always without flagella. The Dikarya are most of the so called "higher fungi", but also include many anamorphic species that would have been classified as moulds in historical literature.^[1] Phylogenetically the two phyla regularly group together.^[2][3] In a 1998 publication, Thomas Cavalier-Smith referred to this group as the Neomycota.^[4]

Phylogeny

Unikonta   Amoebozoa   Opisthokonta           Animalia Choanozoa Nucleariids   Fungi Microsporidia Chytridiomycota Neocallimastigomycota Blastocladiomycota Zoopagomycotina Kickxellomycotina Entomophthoromycotina Mucoromycotina Glomeromycota   Dikarya   Ascomycota Basidiomycota

Phylogeny of the Dikarya and upper-level taxa in Kingdom Fungi.[1]

The 2007 classification of Kingdom Fungi is the result of a large-scale collaborative research effort involving dozens of mycologists and other scientists working on fungal taxonomy.^[1] It recognizes seven phyla within the Fungi, two of which—the Ascomycota and the Basidiomycota—are contained within a branch representing subkingdom Dikarya. The cladogram depicts the major fungal taxa and their relationship to opisthokont and unikont organisms. The lengths of the branches in this tree are not proportional to evolutionary distances.

See also

• List of fungal orders

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e} Hibbett, D.S. et al. (March 2007). "A higher level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi". Mycological Research 111 (5): 509–47. doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.004. PMID 17572334. 
2. ^ Lutzoni, F. et al. (2004). "Assembling the fungal tree of life: progress, classification, and evolution of subcellular traits". American Journal of Botany 91 (10): 1446–80. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.10.1446. PMID 21652303. 
3. ^ James, T.Y. et al. (2006). "Reconstructing the early evolution of Fungi using a six-gene phylogeny" (PDF). Nature 443 (7113): 818–22. doi:10.1038/nature05110. PMID 17051209. http://plantbio.berkeley.edu/~taylor/papers/James2006.pdf. 
4. ^ Cavalier-Smith, T. (1998). "A revised six-kingdom system of life". Biological Reviews 73 (3): 203–66. doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1998.tb00030.x. PMID 9809012. 

External links

• AFTOL classification at Dave Hibbett's site

Fungi portal