China Railways CRH2

China Railways CRH2
China Railways CRH2 EMU

CRH2 at Nanjing Railway Station
In service 2007 - Present
Manufacturer Kawasaki Heavy Industries,
Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock
Family name Japan E2 Series Shinkansen
Number built CRH2A: 60+40 trainsets (800 cars)
CRH2B: 20 trainsets (320 cars)
CRH2C (stage 1): 30 trainsets (240 cars)
CRH2C (stage 2): 20 trainsets (160 cars)
CRH2E: 20 trainsets (320 cars)
Formation CRH2A: 8 cars per trainset (4M4T)
CRH2B/E: 16 cars per trainset (8M8T)
CRH2C: 8 cars per trainset (6M2T)
Capacity CRH2A: 588/610/600
CRH2B: 1230
CRH2C: 610
CRH2E: 630
Operator Chinese Ministry of Railways
- Beijing Railway Bureau
- Shanghai Railway Bureau
- Jinan Railway Bureau
- Wuhan Railway Bureau
- Shenyang Railway Bureau
Line(s) served various
Specifications
Train length CRH2A/C: 201.4 m (661 ft)
CRH2B/E: 401.4 m (1,317 ft)
Width 3,380 mm (11 ft 1 in)
Height 3,700 mm (12 ft 2 in)
Platform height 1,200 mm (3 ft 11 in)
Maximum speed CRH2A/B/E: 250 km/h (155 mph)
CRH2C: 350 km/h (217 mph)
CRH2C stage 2
Traction system IGBT VVVF inverter control
Power output CRH2A: 4.8 MW (6,400 hp)
CRH1B/E: 9.6 MW (12,900 hp)
CRH2C (stage 1):
7.2 MW (9,700 hp)
CRH2C (stage 2):
8.7 MW (11,700 hp)
Transmission AC-DC-AC
Power supply (?)
Electric system(s) Overhead catenary, 25 kV 50 Hz AC
Current collection method Pantograph
Braking system(s) Regenerative, electronically controlled pneumatic brakes
Gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) Standard gauge

The CRH2 is one of the high-speed train models in China. Originally, the CRH2 was a modified E2-1000 Series Shinkansen design from Japan with the license purchased from a consortium formed of Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, and Hitachi, and represents the second Shinkansen train model to be exported, the other being the 700T series for Taiwan High Speed Rail.

In 2004, the Ministry of Railway in China purchased an initial 60 sets of the train from Kawasaki Heavy Industries with a maximum speed of 300 km/h (186 mph). However, the newer versions of the CRH2 are not related to the E2-1000 Series despite having the same exterior. The vice-chief engineer at CSR Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock stated that the newer CRH2 trains are their design with all of the main engineering components produced in their company.[1]

In fact, according to Kawasaki Heavy Industries, they confirmed that they are no longer working with CSR Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock and the last deal struck with Sifang was in 2004 for the production of 60 modified E2-1000 Series. According to the vice-chief engineer of Sifang, "the shape maybe the same but [inside] it's completely different." A Japanese official affiliated with the 2004 deal stated that "they could not imagine that the catch-up would be so fast." Starting from 2008, all CRH2 trains were designed and manufactured under key technology developments made by Sifang without Kawasaki. In fact, the vice-chief engineer of Sifang stated that their latest models "have nothing at all to do with Shinkansen" except that they share a similar exterior shape.

Contents

History

CRH2A

E2 Series Shinkansen(Japanese)

On October 20, 2004, the Ministry of Railway in China ordered 60 sets of CRH2A trains from Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Japan. Along with 60 sets of Bombardier's Regina-based CRH1A, and 40 sets of Alstom's Pendolino-based CRH5A, these train sets are consider as first batch of CRH trains.

Each of the CRH2A set consists of 8 cars. The first 3 sets (CRH2-001A - CRH2-003A) were built in Japan, the next 6 sets (CRH2-004A - CRH2-009A) were delivered in complete knock down form and assembled by CSR Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock. The remaining 51 sets (CRH2-010A - CRH2-060A) were built by Sifang through technology transfer from Japan.

The first train arrived at Qingdao port on March 8, 2006 with little fanfare, and was not even publicized in China. These trains have a maximum operation speed of 250 km/h (155 mph) and started providing high-speed train service from April 18, 2007, the date of the sixth national railway speed-up.

According to Chinese and Japanese media, CRH2A trains started test trials ahead of commercial operation on the Shanghai-Hangzhou and Shanghai-Nanjing lines on January 28, 2007.

On September 14, 2010, the Chinese MOR ordered additional 40 sets of CRH2A trains (CRH2-151A - CRH2-190A) from CSR Sifang.

CRH2B

In November 2007, the Ministry of Railway in China ordered 10 CRH2 sets with 16 cars per set (8M8T). These trains have been given designations CRH2B (CRH2-111B - CRH2-120B). Each CRH2B has three 1st seating cars (ZY), twelve 2nd seating cars(ZE), and one dining car(CA). Designed maximum operation speed is 250 km/h (155 mph) with a power of 9,600 kW (12,900 hp).

The first units were delivered on June 29, 2008[2][3], and came into service on Hefei-Nanjing PDL on August 1, 2008[4].

CRH2C

After the induction of the modified E2-1000 Series, Sifang built its own CRH2 with a maximum safe operating speed of 350 km/h (220 mph). The original train sets imported from Kawasaki had a maximum safe operating speed of 250 km/h (160 mph).

During June 2005 and September 2005, The Chinese Ministry of Railways launched bidding for High speed trains with a top speed over 300 km/h (190 mph). Along with Siemens's Velaro-based CRH3C, CSR Sifang bid 60 sets of CRH2C, includes 30 sets of CRH2C stage one with a top speed of 300 km/h (190 mph), and 30 sets of CRH2C stage two with a top speed of 350 km/h (220 mph).

In development and research of the 350 km/h (220 mph) high speed train, The CRH2-300 project was launched by Chinese MOR and CSR. In 2006 the China Development Bank provided CNY 15 billion developmental financial loans to CSR Group for the projects of 200–300 km/h (120–190 mph) high speed trains.[5] Over 50 academicians, 150,000 technicians, 600 contractors were involved in the project.[6].

CRH2C stage one

CRH2C Stage one is a modified version of CRH2. It has a maximum operating speed up to 300 km/h (190 mph) by replacing two intermediate trailer cars with motorized cars. Equipped with an array of the state-of-the-art technologies, including aluminum alloy body with a reduced weight, high speed turntable, high speed pantograph, and optic-fiber based integrated control system.[7]

Chinese MOR ordered 30 sets of CRH2C stage one, name code CRH2-061C - CRH2-090C. The first set, CRH2-061C was unveiled on December 22, 2007.[8][9].

During the test on April 22, 2008, CRH2-061C reached a top speed of over 370 km/h (230 mph) on Beijing-Tianjin high-speed rail.[10]

During the test on December 11, 2009, CRH2-061C reached a top speed of 394.2 km/h (244.9 mph) on Zhengzhou-Xi'an high-speed rail.[11]

Together with CRH3C, the CRH2C stage one first came into service on Beijing-Tianjin Intercity high-speed rail on August 1, 2008, and all CRH2C stage one trains have been replaced by CRH3C in April, 2009. Currently, most of these trains are serving on the Shanghai-Nanjing high speed rail.

CRH2C stage two

CRH2C Stage two is the "re-design" version of CRH2. Some of the details draw on CRH3C, like the aluminum body structure, noise reduction technology & reduction technique, and had implemented some newest Chinese and foreign technology, according to CSR Sifang, the improvements include the following aspects:

  • The axle weight of the bogie increased from 14 to 15 tonnes (31,000 to 33,000 lb), to provent tremble of the train body at a higher speed,[6] the gear ratio has been optimized from 3.036 to 2.379, the critical instability speed is 550 km/h (340 mph).
  • The thermal capacity of the bogie has been increased,which satisfied the continuous operation at 350 km/h (220 mph)
  • With the YQ-365 type AC traction motor. It has a maximum operating speed up to 350 km/h (220 mph) with a power of 8,760 kW (11,750 hp).
  • The rigidity of the car body has been increased to lower the noise and vibration.
  • Optimized car body and window design for better air tightness and strength.
  • Added pressure protection system to avoid pressure fluctuation in the compartment and improvement of comfort.
  • Optimized design of the roof antenna,exterior windscreen and windows for a lower air resistance.[12].

Chinese MOR ordered 30 sets of CRH2C stage two, name code CRH2-091C - CRH2-110C and CRH2-141C - CRH2-150C. The first set, CRH2-091C was unveiled in January 2010 and came into service on Zhangzhou-Xi'an high-speed rail in February, 2010[13].

CRH2E

In November 2007, The Ministry of Railway in China ordered 6 CRH2 sleeper trains with 16 cars per set (8M8T). In December 2007, 14 more sets was ordered. These trains are modified from CRH2B and have been given designations CRH2E (CRH2-121E - CRH2-140E). Each CRH2E has thirteen 1st class sleeping cars (WR), 2 2nd class seating cars(ZE), and one dining car(CA). Designed maximum operation speed is 250 km/h (155 mph) with a power of 9600 kW.

The first batch of CRH2E, CRH2-121E - CRH2-126E, came into service on Beijing-Shanghai railway on December 21, 2008[2][14].

On July 23, 2011, CRH2-139E and CRH1-046B derailed in the 2011 Wenzhou train collision.

CRH2-350

Main article: China Railways CRH380A

In 2008, the Chinese MOR & CSR launched CRH2-350 project, the main purpose is to develop new-generation of high speed trains with maximum operation speed of 380 km/h (240 mph). CRH2 is one of the fundamental platforms of the new trains, which is designated as CRH380A. On September 28, 2010, one of the CRH380A test sets hit 416.6 km/h (258.9 mph) while testing on the line between Shanghai and Hangzhou, capital of the province of Zhejiang, set a new record for rail speed.[15][16]

Formation

At the time of the sixth national railway speed-up, at least 37 CRH2A sets had been delivered by Kawasaki and Sifang.[17] In 2008, all 60 CRH2A sets had been delivered by Kawasaki. The post-2008 production model of the CRH2 are designed and made solely by Sifang with a maximum safe operation speed of 350 km/h (220 mph).[1]

Power Destination

  • M - Motor car
  • T - Trailer car
  • C - Driver cabin
  • P - Pantograph

Coach Type

  • ZY - First Class Coach
  • ZE - Second Class Coach
  • ZYE - First Class / Second Class Coach
  • ZEC - Second Class Coach／Dining Car
  • CA- Dining Car
  • WR - Soft Sleeper Car

CRH2A

Coach No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Type1 ZE ZEC ZE ZY ZE
Type2 ZE ZY ZE ZEC ZE ZY ZE
Type3 ZY ZE ZEC ZE ZY
Type4 ZE ZEC ZY ZE
Type5 ZE ZYE ZE ZEC ZE ZY ZE
Power Configuration TC M TP T MP M TC
Power Units Unit 1 Unit 2
Capacity1 55 100 85 100 55 100 51 64
Capacity2 55 100 43 100 55 100 51 64
Capacity3 44 83 85 100 55 100 51 44
Capacity4 55 100 85 100 55 78 51 64
Capacity5 55 100 59 100 71 100 51 64
  • ^1 train No.001A-020A, 022A-042A 044A
  • ^2 train No.021A
  • ^3 train No.043A
  • ^4 train No.045A-060A
  • ^5 train No.151A-190A Coach No. 3 has 16 First Class Seats and 43 Second Class seats

There are some CRH2As using non-standard compartments which consist of more first-class seats. For example, unit CRH2-043A has 4 first-class cars.

CRH2B

Coach No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Type ZY ZE CA ZE
Power Configuration TC M TP T M T M T TP M TC
Power Units Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4
Capacity 36 68 51 100 85 100 85 85 100 85 100 85 100 85 65

CRH2C

Coach No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Type ZE ZEC ZE ZY ZE
Power Configuration TC M MP M MP M TC
Power Units Unit 1 Unit 2
Capacity 55 100 85 100 55 100 51 64

CRH2E

Coach No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Type ZE WR CA WR ZE
Power Configuration TC M TP T M T M T TP M TC
Power Units Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4
Capacity 55 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 55

Distribution

As of February, 2011

Operator Quantity Series number Lines serving Note
CRH2A
Beijing Railway Bureau 4 CRH2-028A、CRH2-037A、
CRH2-043A、CRH2-044A		 Jinghu Railway、Jingha Railway
Xi'an Railway Bureau 1 CRH2-038A Longhai Railway
Wuhan Railway Bureau 25 CRH2-011A、CRH2-018A、CRH2-019A、CRH2-022A、
CRH2-027A、CRH2-029A、CRH2-033A、CRH2-034A、
CRH2-039A、CRH2-040A、CRH2-045A ～ CRH2-056A、
CRH2-059A、CRH2-060A、CRH2-162A		 Jingguang Railway、Jinghu Railway、
Handan Railway、Xiangyu Railway、
Hening PDL-Hewu PDL
Shenyang Railway Bureau 2 CRH2-057A、CRH2-058A Jingha Railway、Jinghu Railway
Shanghai Railway Bureau 25 CRH2-002A ～ CRH2-009A、CRH2-014A、CRH2-020A、
CRH2-021A、CRH2-023A ～ CRH2-025A、CRH2-030A、
CRH2-156A ～ CRH2-161A、CRH2-165A ～ CRH2-168A		 Jinghu Railway、Hukun Railway、
Jingguang Railway、Hangyong Railway、
Yongtaiwen PDL、Wenfu PDL、
Hening PDL-Hewu PDL、Huhag PDL
Nanchang Railway Bureau 22 CRH2-012A、CRH2-013A、CRH2-015A ～ CRH2-017A、
CRH2-026A、CRH2-031A、CRH2-032A、CRH2-035A、
CRH2-036A、CRH2-041A、CRH2-151A～ CRH2-155A、
CRH2-163A、 CRH2-164A、CRH2-169A ～ CRH2-172A		 Yongtaiwen PDL、Wenfu PDL、
Hukun Railway、Hangyong Railway、
Fuxia PDL、Changjiu ICL
China MOR 2 CRH2-001A、CRH2-042A Official Train
1 CRH2-010A Track Inspection Train
CRH2B
Shanghai Railway Bureau 10 CRH2-111B ～ CRH2-120B Hening PDL、Hukun Railway、
Yongtaiwen PDL、Wenfu PDL、Huhang PDL
CRH2C
Shanghai Railway Bureau 27 CRH2-062C ～ CRH2-067C、CRH2-069C ～ CRH2-090C Huning PDL、Huhang PDL
2 CRH2-068C、
CRH2-150C（CIT380A）		 Track Inspection Train
Wuhan Railway Bureau 20 CRH2-097C～CRH2-110C、
CRH2-141C~CRH2-144C、
CRH2-148C、CRH2-149C		 Wuguang PDL
Xi'an Railway Bureau 9 CRH2-091C ～ CRH2-096C、CRH2-145C ～ CRH2-147C Zhengxi PDL
China MOR 1 CRH2-061C Track Inspection Train
CRH2E
Beijing Railway Bureau 11 CRH2-121E ～ CRH2-125E、
CRH2-131E、CRH2-133E、
CRH2-137E ～ CRH2-140E		 Jinghu Railway、Huhang PDL
Nanchang Railway Bureau 4 CRH2-126E、CRH2-128E、
CRH2-134E、CRH2-136E		 Fuxia PDL
Shanghai Railway Bureau 5 CRH2-127E、CRH2-129E、
CRH2-130E、CRH2-132E、
CRH2-135E		 Jinghu Railway

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b Japan Inc Shoots Itself on the Foot
  2. ^ a b 关于动卧车票及CRH2系列列车的一些最新消息！
  3. ^ 视频：我国首列具自主知识产权长大编组动车组下线
  4. ^ 上海至合肥动车昨首发 全程3.5小时
  5. ^ 南车集团高速列车项目获国家开发银行150亿贷款
  6. ^ a b High Speed Rail (HSR) in China: 5 Years Equals 40 Years
  7. ^ Proprietary High Speed Locomotives
  8. ^ 我国自主研制的首列时速300公里动车组下线
  9. ^ 国产首列时速300公里"和谐号"动车组成功下线
  10. ^ 京津城际列车跑出370公里时速 创国产动车组纪录
  11. ^ 最高时速394.2公里比波音747起飞时还快
  12. ^ CRH2C page on CSR Sifang official site
  13. ^ 南车青岛四方股份造动车组装备郑西高铁
  14. ^ 南车四方自主研制的世界首批长大编组卧车动车组投入运营
  15. ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMt0dL6WyKQ
  16. ^ [1]
  17. ^ 52列動車組將投入運營 37列為南車四方制造的和諧號CRH2型, Science and Technology Daily
v · d · eHigh-speed rail in the People's Republic of China
Maglev
Shanghai Maglev Train · Shanghai–Hangzhou Maglev Line
Conventional High
Speed Railways
Beijing–Harbin PDL
Beijing–Shenyang Passenger Railway · Harbin–Dalian Passenger Railway · Panjin–Yingkou Passenger Railway
Beijing–Shanghai PDL
(Branch line: Hefei–Bengbu Passenger Railway)
Links between Beijing–Harbin
PDL and Beijing–Shanghai PDL
Tianjin–Qinhuangdao Passenger Railway · Qinhuangdao–Shenyang Passenger Railway
Beijing–Hong Kong PDL
Beijing–Shijiazhuang Passenger Railway · Shijiazhuang–Wuhan Passenger Railway · Wuhan–Guangzhou Passenger Railway · Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong XRL (HK Section)*
Hangzhou–Fuzhou–Shenzhen PDL
Hangzhou–Ningbo Passenger Railway · Ningbo–Taizhou–Wenzhou Railway · Wenzhou–Fuzhou Railway · Fuzhou–Xiamen Railway · Xiamen–Shenzhen Railway
Qingdao–Taiyuan PDL
Jiaozhou–Jinan Passenger Railway · Shijiazhuang–Jinan Passenger Railway · Shijiazhuang–Taiyuan Passenger Railway
Xuzhou–Lanzhou PDL
Zhengzhou–Xuzhou Passenger Railway · Zhengzhou–Xi'an Passenger Railway · Xi'an–Baoji Passenger Railway · Baoji–Lanzhou Passenger Railway
Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu PDL
Shanghai–Nanjing Intercity High-Speed Railway · Jinghu High-Speed Railway (Shanghai–Nanjing) · Hefei–Nanjing Passenger Railway · Hefei–Wuhan Passenger Railway · Wuhan–Yichang Railway · Yichang–Wanzhou Railway (Yichang-Lichuan) · Chongqing–Lichuan Railway · Suining–Chongqing Railway · Dazhou–Chengdu Railway (Suining-Chengdu)
Shanghai–Kunming PDL
Shanghai–Hangzhou Passenger Railway · Hangzhou–Changsha Passenger Railway · Changsha–Kunming Passenger Railway
Other
Guizhou–Guangzhou Passenger Railway · Lanzhou–Xinjiang Passenger Railway · Hefei–Fuzhou Passenger Railway
Intercity
(200-250km/h)
Chengdu-Dujiangyan Intercity Railway  · Nanchang-Jiujiang Intercity Railway  · Guangzhou–Zhuhai Intercity Mass Rapid Transit  · Hainan East Ring Intercity Rail  · Changchun-Jilin Intercity Rail  · Guangzhou–Zhaoqing Intercity Railway  · Nanjing-Anqing Intercity Railway  · Dongguan–Huizhou Intercity Railway  · Chengdu-Leshan Intercity Railway  · Zhengzhou–Kaifeng Intercity Railway
Intercity
(300-350km/h)
Beijing–Tianjin Intercity Railway · Shanghai–Nanjing Intercity High-Speed Railway · Jinbin Intercity Railway · Nanjing-Hangzhou Intercity Railway · Harbin-Qiqihar Intercity Railway · Chengdu-Chongqing Intercity Railway · Shenyang-Dandong Intercity Railway
Upgraded lines
Guangzhou–Shenzhen Railway · Jiaozhou–Jinan Railway · Beijing–Shanghai Railway · Beijing–Harbin Railway · Beijing–Guangzhou Railway · Longhai Railway · Shanghai–Kunming Railway · Wuhan–Jiujiang Railway · Xiangfan–Chongqing Railway · Xiaoshan–Ningbo Railway
Rolling Stock
CRH1 · CRH2 · CRH3 · CRH5 · CRH6 · China Star · X 2000 · Blue Arrow · Zefiro 380 · CRH380A · CIT Trains
Note: italics - under construction or currently not operational   * in/related to the special administrative regions
v · d · eShinkansen
Lines in service
Main lines
Tōkaidō • Sanyō • Tōhoku • Jōetsu • Nagano • Kyushu
Mini-Shinkansen


Future lines
Cancelled lines
Service names
In service
Asama • Hayabusa • Hayate • Hikari (Hikari Rail Star) • Kodama • Komachi • Mizuho • Nasuno • Nozomi • Sakura • Tanigawa • Toki • Tsubame • Tsubasa • Yamabiko
Discontinued
Aoba • Asahi
Trainsets
In service
On order
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Retired
Export trainsets
Republic of China 700T • China CRH2A & CRH2B
Non-revenue
earning trainsets
Class 1000 • Class 951 • Class 961 • Class 962 • Doctor Yellow • WIN350 • STAR21 • 300X • Fastech 360 • Gauge Change Train • MLX-01
Operators
v · d · eHigh-speed rail
Rail transport
High-speed trains
300 km/h/186.4 mph or more

AGV · AVE Class 100, 102, 103 · CRH 2C, 3C, 380A, 380B, 380C, 380D, · ETR 500 · Eurostar · ICE 3 · KTX-I · KTX-II  · Oaris · N700, E5, E6, L0 · AVRIL · TGV Sud-Est (refurbished), Atlantique, Réseau, Duplex, POS · Thalys PBA, PBKA · THSR 700T · Transrapid · Shanghai Maglev Train · Velaro · Bombardier Zefiro
250–299 km/h (155.3–185.8 mph)

China Railways CRH 1A, 1B, 1E, 2A, 2B, 2E, 5A · ETR 450, 460, 470, 480, New Pendolino · ICE 1, 2 · Pendolino · RENFE Class 120, 121, 130 · Sapsan · Shinkansen Series 200, 300, Shinkansen Series 500 ,700, 800, E2, E3 · TCDD HT65000 · TGV Sud-Est (original), La Poste · V250 · Zefiro 250
200–249 km/h (124.3–154.7 mph)

Acela Express · Adelante · Alfa Pendular · APT · China Railways CRH6 · ER200 · GMB Class 71 (Flytoget) · IC4 · InterCity 125, 225 · ICE T, TD · ICx · ICN · Javelin · NSB Class 73 · Pendolino · Railjet · Regina · RENFE Class 490 · RENFE Class 449 · Shinkansen series 0, 100, 400, E1, E4 · SJ X40 · SNCF Class Z 21500 · Sokol · Talgo XXI · Voyager/Meridian · VR Class Sm3, Sm6 · X 2000 · X3
By country

planned lines in italics

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Technologies
See also: Experimental and prototype high-speed trains (category) , High-speed railway lines (category)

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