Étretat

Étretat
Étretat
Location within Upper Normandy region  Étretat
Administration
Country	France
Region	Upper Normandy
Department	Seine-Maritime
Arrondissement	Le Havre
Canton	Criquetot-l'Esneval
Intercommunality	Canton of Criquetot-l'Esneval
Mayor	Franck Cottard (2008–2014)
Statistics
Elevation	0–102 m (0–335 ft) (avg. 8 m/26 ft)
Land area1	4.07 km2 (1.57 sq mi)
Population2	1,564  (2006)
- Density	384 /km2 (990 /sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code	76254/ 76790
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Coordinates: 49°42′26″N 0°12′27″E / 49.707223°N 0.2075°E / 49.707223; 0.2075

Étretat is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Haute-Normandie region in northern France. It is a tourist and farming town situated c. 32 km northeast of Le Havre, at the junction of the D940, D11 and D139 roads. It's located on the coast of the Pays de Caux area.

The Cliffs

Étretat is best known for its cliffs, including 3 natural arches and the pointed "needle". These cliffs and the associated resort beach attracted artists including Eugène Boudin, Gustave Courbet and Claude Monet, and were featured prominently in the 1909 Arsène Lupin novel The Hollow Needle by Maurice Leblanc.

Two of the three famous arches seen from the town are the Porte d'Aval, and the Porte d'Amont. The Manneporte is the third and the biggest one which cannot be seen from the town.

The GR 21 long-distance hiking path (Le Havre to Le Tréport) passes through the town.

Notable People

Étretat was the birthplace of Élie Halévy (1870–1937), philosopher and historian.

Guy de Maupassant (1850–1893) spent most of his childhood in Étretat, at "Les Verguies". In 1882 he wrote a short story for Le Gaulois entitled "The Englishman of Étretat" (L'Anglais d'Étretat), based on encounters in 1868, as a house guest of G. E. J. Powell, with the English poet Algernon Charles Swinburne, whom he had helped save from drowning. The dried human hand displayed on one of the tables was later acquired by Maupassant to adorn his Paris apartment; it inspired another short story, "The Flayed Hand" (La Main Écorchée).^[1] In 1883 he built his own house in Étretat, "La Guillette", in the Mediterranean style in "Le Grand Val", since renamed rue Guy-de-Maupassant.^[2] Jean-Baptiste Faure (1830–1914), the great French operatic baritone whose career centred on Paris and London, also owned a villa there. A friend of the artist Edouard Manet and a keen collector of art, Faure did amateur paintings of the local area, including the scenic cliffs.

The White Bird

Main article: The White Bird

Étretat is known for being the last place in France from which the 1927 biplane The White Bird (L'Oiseau Blanc) was seen. French WWI war heroes Charles Nungesser and François Coli had been attempting to make the first non-stop flight from Paris to New York, but after the plane's 8 May 1927 departure, it disappeared somewhere over the Atlantic. It is considered one of the great unexplained mysteries of aviation. A monument to the flight was established in Étretat, but then destroyed during World War II, during the German occupation. A new and taller monument was constructed in 1963, along with a nearby museum.^[3]

Demographics

Year Population 1962 1,379 1968 1,472 1975 1,525 1982 1,577 1990 1,565 1999 1,615 2006 1,700

Panorama of the cliffs.

Economy

The economy of Etretat rests mainly on tourism, which gives the locals a growing commercial outlet. The city places itself as the number one tourist attraction in Upper Normandy, as the site most visited along with Fécamp Abbey, the Rouen Cathedral, and the Claude Monet Foundation in Giverny.

See also

Normandy portal

• Communes of the Seine-Maritime department
• Seine-Maritime
• Normandy

References

• INSEE

1. ^ Goddard, N. G. (1952). "Maupassant and the English". French Studies VI: 35–40. doi:10.1093/fs/VI.1.35. 
2. ^ History of La Guillette
3. ^ Schofield, Brian (2002-09-22). "Hop over: five-day drives just across the Channel - France". Sunday Times. 

External links

• Official website (French)
• Alternative site of Etretat (French)
• Website of an artist living in Etretat (French)
• Artistic photos of Etretat and cliffs
• Video: A tour in a boat to see the cliffs from the sea (French)
• Video: a video clip by an Etretat artist - The cliffs at the beginning of day (French)
• 3D view from Google Earth of part of Etretat's cliffs (French)
• Étretat on the Quid website (French)