FIVB World Cup

FIVB World Cup

Logo FIVB World Cup
Sport	Volleyball
Founded	1965
Inaugural season	M: 1965 W: 1973
No. of teams	12
Country(ies)	FIVB member nations
Continent	International (FIVB)
Most recent champion(s)	M:  Brazil (2nd title) W:  Italy (2nd title)
Most titles	M:  Russia (5 titles) W:  Cuba (4 titles)

The FIVB World Cup is a men's and women's volleyball competition. Created in 1965 (men) and 1973 (women), it is an international qualification event for the Olympic Games. It is not to be confused with the FIVB World Championship or the FIVB World League/FIVB World Grand Prix.

History

Origins

The World Cup was created in 1965 with the purpose of partially filling the gap between the two most important volleyball tournaments, the Olympic Games and the World Championship, which take place in alternating 4-year cycles. The establishment of a third international competition would leave only one in every four years with no major events.

The World Cup was to be held in the year following the Olympic Games. The first two tournaments were for men's volleyball only; in 1973, a women's tournament was also introduced. Originally, each tournament had a different host, but in 1977 the competition was transferred to Japan on a permanent basis.

In the 1990s, the installment of annual international events such as the World League and the Grand Prix made the original motivations for the creation of the World Cup obsolete. Instead of letting a consolidated event disappear for lack of interest, the FIVB decided to change its format in 1991: it would be held in the year preceding, and not following, the Olympic Games; and it would be considered a first international Olympic qualification tournament, granting the winner a direct berth in the games.

This move saved the competition. The possibility of securing an early berth for the Olympic Games, thus avoiding extraneous and in some cases tight continental qualification procedures, became a consistent motivation for the national federations to participate in the World Cup. In 1995, the number of Olympic spots granted at the competition was increased to three, as it remains up to now (2011).

Winners (Men)

Former Soviet Union and Brazil (2007) managed to win the Men's World Cup more than once. The Soviets took the gold at the opening edition of the tournament, in 1965. Four years later, the winner was also a socialist nation, East Germany. Brazil's team won consecutively 2003 and 2007.

Scheduled for Uruguay, the men's events of the 1973 edition were cancelled. In 1977, competition was resumed in Japan, and the USSR came back for two wins in a row. In 1985, they were once again runner-ups, but lost the decisive match to USA in five sets. In 1989, Cuba surprised the world and beat a rising Italy to take the gold.

With the competition now set as a qualifying event for the Olympic Games, Soviet Union, led by Dmitri Fomin won the title in 1991, at the brink of dissolution. The Italians, who hadn't participated in this edition, finally conquered their gold medal in 1995.

Inheriting a large part of the former Soviet volleyball programme, Russia was the winner in 1999. In the following two editions, played in 2003 and 2007 respectively, were won by favorite Brazil.

Winners (Women)

The Women's World Cup has had not one great winner, like its counterpart for men's volleyball, but two: Cuba and China.

The first edition of the tournament was won by the Soviet Union. Japan, the runner-up of 1973, took the gold in 1977. With the help of superstar player Lang Ping, China won the following two editions, in 1981 and 1985.

Then Cuba stepped forward to begin its amazing World Cup career, winning its first title in 1989. With the tournament now as an Olympic qualifier, there followed three more consecutive victories, in 1991, 1995 and 1999.

China came back in 2003 with a remarkably offensive team to win its third title.

Finally Italy won the 2007 edition with an outstanding record of eleven wins in eleven games and only two sets left to the opponents (both lost against Serbia). Italy took a second win in a row in 2011, getting the better hand on United States and China.

Competition formula

The World Cup is the most stable from all competition formulas employed by the FIVB. The following rules apply:

• The competition takes place in Japan.
• Twelve teams participate in each event: ten qualified, two per invitation.
• Japan is always pre-qualified as host nation.
• Five continental champions are qualified plus the best four continental vice-champions according to the FIVB ranking.
• The remaining two teams participate through wild cards granted by the FIVB.
• Since the 1999 edition, only teams not yet qualified for the following Olympic Games can compete in the World Cup.
• The competition is divided in exactly two phases (called "legs").
• Teams are divided in two pools.
• At the first leg, each team plays one match against all other teams in its pool.
• At the second leg, each team plays one match against all the teams in the other pool.
• Matches take place continuously through two weeks, with one-day breaks every two or three days. Each day, six matches are played.
• Final standings are calculated by usual volleyball criteria: number of wins, point ratio (the total number of points won divided by the total number of points lost), set ratio, direct confrontation.
• Top three teams in overall standings, regardless of pools, qualify for the following Olympic Games.
• The tournament implements very tight line-up restrictions: only twelve players are allowed, and no replacement is permitted, even in the case of injuries.

Results

See also: Volleyball World Cup Results

Men

MEN'S WORLD CUP
Year	Host	Champions	Runners-up	3rd Place
1965 Details	Poland	Soviet Union	Poland	Czechoslovakia
1969 Details	East Germany	East Germany	Japan	Soviet Union
1977 Details	Japan	Soviet Union	Japan	Cuba
1981 Details	Japan	Soviet Union	Cuba	Brazil
1985 Details	Japan	United States	Soviet Union	Czechoslovakia
1989 Details	Japan	Cuba	Italy	Soviet Union
1991 Details	Japan	Soviet Union	Cuba	United States
1995 Details	Japan	Italy	Netherlands	Brazil
1999 Details	Japan	Russia	Cuba	Italy
2003 Details	Japan	Brazil	Italy	Serbia and Montenegro
2007 Details	Japan	Brazil	Russia	Bulgaria
2011 Details	Japan

Women

WOMEN'S WORLD CUP
Year	Host	Champions	Runners-up	3rd Place
1973 Details	Uruguay	Soviet Union	Japan	South Korea
1977 Details	Japan	Japan	Cuba	South Korea
1981 Details	Japan	China	Japan	Soviet Union
1985 Details	Japan	China	Cuba	Soviet Union
1989 Details	Japan	Cuba	Soviet Union	China
1991 Details	Japan	Cuba	China	Soviet Union
1995 Details	Japan	Cuba	Brazil	China
1999 Details	Japan	Cuba	Russia	Brazil
2003 Details	Japan	China	Brazil	United States
2007 Details	Japan	Italy	Brazil	United States
2011 Details	Japan	Italy	United States	China

Medals summary

Men

Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Russia [1]	5	2	2	9
2	Brazil	2	0	2	4
3	Cuba	1	3	1	5
4	Italy	1	2	1	4
5	United States	1	0	1	2
6	Germany [2]	1	0	0	1
7	Japan	0	2	0	2
8	Poland	0	1	0	1
	Netherlands	0	1	0	1
10	Czech Republic [3]	0	0	2	2
11	Bulgaria	0	0	1	1
	Serbia [4]	0	0	1	1
Total		11	11	11	33

Women

Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Cuba	4	2	0	6
2	China	3	1	3	7
3	Italy	2	0	0	2
4	Russia [5]	1	2	3	6
5	Japan	1	2	0	3
6	Brazil	0	3	1	4
7	United States	0	1	2	3
8	South Korea	0	0	2	2
Total		11	11	11	33

Footnotes

1. ^ FIVB considers Russia as the inheritor of the records of Soviet Union and CIS
2. ^ After German reunification, West Germany was renamed Germany and they absorbed East Germany with the records
3. ^ FIVB considers Czech Republic as the inheritor of the records of Czechoslovakia
4. ^ FIVB considers Serbia as the inheritor of the records of SFR Yugoslavia, FR Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro
5. ^ FIVB considers Russia as the inheritor of the records of Soviet Union and CIS

See also

• Volleyball at the Summer Olympics
• FIVB World Championship
• FIVB World Grand Champions Cup
• FIVB World League
• FIVB World Grand Prix
• List of indoor volleyball World Champions

External links

• Official FIVB website
• Official website of the 2003 FIVB World Cup