Highways in Croatia

Highways in Croatia
Map of the Croatian motorway network
A6 interchange in Orehovica near Rijeka
Dynamics of the development of the Croatian motorway network: the length of the motorway network in Croatia 1993-2009

Highways in Croatia are the main transport network in Croatia. The Croatian classification includes several classes of highways:[1]

  • The main motorways are named A (autocesta) accompanied by one or two digits. By and large they are toll highways with a ticket system.
  • Expressways (brza cesta) are limited-access roads with grade-separated intersections and by and large an increased speed limit while no tolling. They remind of the motorways, but aren't always dual carriageways, they have no emergency lanes, and their speed limit is always lower. They either have standalone designations or are parts of major state routes (D), see below.
  • Roads dedicated for motor vehicles (cesta namijenjena isključivo za promet motornih vozila), which is a category for highways which are limited-access roads, usually similar to multiple-lane motorways/expressways, but which may have slow intersections. It has no specific naming convention, only a dedicated traffic sign, and it mainly includes major state routes (D) or portions thereof, see below. An example is the Jadranska Avenue in Zagreb, designated as Ž1040 county road.[2]

Other than these, the national road classification includes the following categories which may also be referred to as highways in a general sense, with decreasing order of priority (and applicability of the term highway):[2]

  • State roads, which are marked by letter D (državna cesta) and a single, double or triple digit number.
  • County roads always are marked by letter Ž (županijska cesta) and a four digit number.
  • The lowest classification comprises local roads, marked by letter L (lokalna cesta) and a five digit number.

Road operators differ according to the classification system: The designated motorways are operated by four different concessionaires. The state roads are maintained almost exclusively by Hrvatske ceste, while the county and local roads are managed by various county authorities. The road maintenance agencies are governed by various laws issued by the Parliament as well as bylaws issued by the Ministry of Transport.[1][3]

Contents

Motorways

The road sign informing the motorists they are travelling on an autocesta

The primary high-speed motorways are called autoceste (Croatian pronunciation: [ˈaʊtotsesta]; singular: autocesta), and they are defined as roads with at least three lanes in each direction (including hard shoulder) and a speed limit of not less than 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph). They are marked with a special road sign, similar to the road sign depicting a motorway/autoroute/autobahn in other parts of Europe.[4] In Croatia this sign has green background. The national speed limit on an autocesta, effective in case no other speed limits are present, is 130 kilometres per hour (81 mph), with a legal tolerance of 10% on speeds over 100 km/h (as of 2009). The term autocesta is sometimes translated by Croatians simply as highway, which can be confusing because a highway can be any main road, and the terms motorway (British English) and freeway (American English) would be more precise. As of September 2010 Croatian motorway network is 1,124.9 kilometres (699.0 mi) long.[3][5][6]

Motorways in Croatia are defined by the Ministry of Sea, Transport and Infrastructure.[3][5][6] The same applies to names of the motorway interchanges and rest areas.[7] Likewise, the same legislation defines the origin of motorway chainages - at the northern or the western terminus of the motorway - and the motorway markings themselves. The markings are defined as consisting of letter "A" and the motorway number assigned by the legislation, except if a specific motorway is executed in construction stages and considered an expressway, in which case the applicable motorway number is preceded by letter "B" instead.

Generally, the motorways in Croatia are developed and maintained by the state-owned company Hrvatske autoceste (Croatian Motorways Ltd). There are several exceptions to this, namely Zagreb (Lučko) - Bosiljevo 2 section of the A1 motorway, the A6 and the A7 motorways which are managed by Autocesta Rijeka - Zagreb (Rijeka - Zagreb Motorway), the A2 motorway, managed by Autocesta Zagreb - Macelj (Zagreb - Macelj Motorway) and the A8 and the A9 motorways which are managed by BINA Istra.

List of completed motorways

Motorway County Length Description Notes
A1 Zagreb, Karlovac, Lika‑Senj, Zadar, Šibenik‑Knin, Split‑Dalmatia, Dubrovnik‑Neretva and the City of Zagreb 465.5 km (289.2 mi) The A1 starts in Lučko interchange, a part of Zagreb bypass where the A3 motorway junction is found. The motorway proceeds south from Zagreb to Karlovac and further on to Bosiljevo 2 interchange interchange where the A6 motorway branches off towards Rijeka. The route continues south to Gospić, Zadar, Šibenik, Split. The southernmost sector of the motorway proceeds from Split to Vrgorac where the traffic proceeds to Ploče and Dubrovnik via the state road network.[maps 1] Additional sections under construction.[8]
A2 Zagreb, Krapina‑Zagorje and the City of Zagreb 59.0 km (36.6 mi) The A2 starts on the border of Slovenia near Macelj. The motorway passes west of Krapina and proceeds south towards Zagreb. The southernmost section of the motorway forms a part of Zagreb bypass and it terminates in Jankomir interchange with the A3 motorway.[maps 2] 3.75 km (2.33 mi) as a semi-motorway.
A3 Zagreb, Sisak‑Moslavina, Brod‑Posavina, Vukovar‑Syrmia and the City of Zagreb 306.5 km (190.5 mi) The A3 starts on the border of Slovenia near Bregana. The motorway passes north of Samobor and proceeds west towards Zagreb, passing to the south of the city and forming a part of Zagreb bypass, where the route contains junctions with the A2, A1 and A4 motorways. It continues east to Kutina, Slavonski Brod, Sredanci interchange with the A5 motorway and further east to Županja and terminating on the border of Serbia near Lipovac[maps 3] Entire route completed.
A4 Međimurje, Varaždin and Zagreb and the City of Zagreb 96.4 km (59.9 mi) The A4 starts on the border of Hungary near Goričan. The motorway passes near Čakovec and Varaždin south towards Zagreb and the southernmost part of the route is a part of Zagreb bypass, where the motorway terminates in Ivanja Reka interchange, where the traffic defaults to the westbound A3 motorway.[maps 4] Entire route completed.
A5 Osijek‑Baranja and Brod‑Posavina 55.0 km (34.2 mi) The A5 starts near Osijek and proceeds south bypassing Đakovo to Sredanci interchange with the A3 motorway.[maps 5] Additional sections planned.
A6 Primorje‑Gorski Kotar 81.2 km (50.5 mi) The A6 starts in Bosiljevo 2 interchange, branching off from the A1 motorway and proceeds west bypassing Delnice to Rijeka and Orehovica interchange with the A7 motorway.[maps 6] Entire route completed.
A7 Primorje‑Gorski Kotar 35.7 km (22.2 mi) The A7 starts at the border of Slovenia and heads south to Rijeka, passes the city as Rijeka bypass. The Rijeka bypass section comprises an interchange with the A6 motorway and proceeds east terminating near Bakar where the traffic defaults to the D40 state road.[maps 7] Additional sections under construction.
A8 Istria and Primorje‑Gorski Kotar 64.0 km (39.8 mi) The A8 spans between Kanfanar and Matulji, i.e. the A9 and A7 motorways. As of November 2011, the Kanfanar–Rogovići section is brought to the motorway standards, and the rest is a limited access two-lane route. 45.9 km (28.5 mi) as a semi-motorway
A9 Istria 76.79 km (47.72 mi) The A9 starts near Umag and the Slovenian border, meets the A8 expressway at Kanfanar interchange, and proceeds south to Pula, forming the western arm of Istrian Y.[maps 8] 2 km (1.24 mi) as a semi-motorway.
A11 Zagreb 9.0 km (5.6 mi) The A11 starts at Velika Gorica interchange and runs south to Buševec interchange. As of September 2010, the A11 was not directly connected to any other motorway. Additional sections under construction.

Motorway sections under construction

Motorway County Length Section Description Scheduled completion
Autocesta A1.svg A1 Split‑Dalmatia and Dubrovnik‑Neretva 10.7 km (6.6 mi) Vrgorac–Ploče The section represents a southward extension of Ravča - Vrgorac section of the A1 motorway (also under construction) and comprises one major viaduct and a rest area. 2012[9][8]
A7 Primorje‑Gorski Kotar 5.3 km (3.3 mi) Sveti Kuzam–Križišće The section represents an eastward extension of the existing A7 motorway route and comprises five viaducts and three tunnels. 2012[10]
A11 Zagreb and the City of Zagreb 8.7 km (5.4 mi) Jakuševec–Velika Gorica jug (south) The section represents a northward extension of the existing A11 motorway route and comprises one major viaduct and a cloverleaf interchange at the junction with the A3 motorway. 2011[11]

Planned motorway sections

Motorway County Length Section Notes
Autocesta A1.svg A1 Dubrovnik‑Neretva 4.5 km (2.8 mi) Ploče–Metković The section is included in planning documents related to the A1 and A10 motorways, as Metković interchange shall become junction between the two routes. Design development funding approved within the A10 motorway project.[6] No funding has been approved towards any design development or construction works in the 2009–2012 national road construction plans.[12]
39.7 km (24.7 mi) Metković–Doli The section is not planned in detail yet as no funding is available as of September 2010.[12]
29.6 km (18.4 mi) Doli–Osojnik (Dubrovnik) Funding was planned for development of detailed designs for this section.[12][13]
Autocesta A5.svg A5 Osijek‑Baranja 29.5 km (18.3 mi) Duboševica border crossing–Osijek The sections are included applicable legislation, however no funding has been approved towards any design development or construction works in the 2009–2012 national road construction plans.[6][12]
Brod‑Posavina 3.1 km (1.9 mi) Svilaj border crossing–Sredanci
Autocesta A7.svg A7 Primorje‑Gorski Kotar 24.0 km (14.9 mi) Križišće–Povile (Novi Vinodolski) The sections are included applicable legislation, and funding was approved for development of designs for the section.[12][14]
Primorje‑Gorski Kotar and Lika‑Senj 32.0 km (19.9 mi) Povile–Žuta Lokva The sections are included applicable legislation, however no funding has been approved towards any design development or construction works in the 2009–2012 national road construction plans.[6][12][14]
Autocesta A8.svg A8 Istria 45.9 km (28.5 mi) Rogovići–Matulji An upgrade of the existing two lane expressway is planned along the A8 route except for the easternmost section of the expressway where an entirely new route to the A7 motorway.[15] The works were tentatively planned for 2011–2014.[16] As of June 2010, the section is scheduled for completion of the motorway upgrade by the end of 2014 or at the beginning of 2015.[17]
Autocesta A10.svg A10 Dubrovnik‑Neretva 4.6 km (2.9 mi) Metković border crossing–Metković Planning documents specify development of design documents for the A10 motorway and outline funds approved for the task. The planning documents pertain to 2009–2012 period.[6][12]
Autocesta A11.svg A11 Zagreb, City of Zagreb, Sisak‑Moslavina 22.2 km (13.8 mi) Buševec–Sisak Planning documents specify development of design documents for the A11 motorway section and outline funds approved for the task. The planning documents pertain to 2009–2012 period.[6][12]
Sisak‑Moslavina 6.2 km (3.9 mi) Sisak–Mošćenica Planning documents specify the A11 motorway section but no funds are approved for the section as of September 2010.[6][12]
Autocesta A12.svg A12 Zagreb 21.5 km (13.4 mi) Sveta Helena–Vrbovec 2 Planning documents specify expansion of the existing four lane expressway in this section to include emergency lanes.[18]
Zagreb 1.5 km (0.9 mi) Vrbovec 2–Gradec Planning documents specify development of design documents for the A12 motorway section and outline funds approved for the task. The planning documents pertain to 2009–2012 period.[6][12]
Zagreb and Koprivnica‑Križevci 20.0 km (12.4 mi) Gradec–Kloštar Vojakovački Planning documents specify development of design documents for the A12 motorway section, start of construction work and outline funds approved for the task. The planning documents pertain to 2009–2012 period.[19][6][12]
Koprivnica‑Križevci 13.7 km (8.5 mi) Kloštar Vojakovački–Velika Mučna Planning documents specify development of design documents for the A12 motorway section and outline funds approved for the task. The planning documents pertain to 2009–2012 period.[6][12]
Autocesta A13.svg A13 Zagreb and Bjelovar‑Bilogora 27.5 km (17.1 mi) Vrbovec 2–Bjelovar Planning documents specify development of design documents for the A12 motorway section, start of construction work and outline funds approved for the task. The planning documents pertain to 2009–2012 period.[20][6][12]

Expressways

Roads designated for motor vehicles are marked with this kind of a sign in Croatia

There is a wide variety of types of expressways in Croatia, in terms of number of lanes, accessibility and types of intersections comprised. They range from four lane expressways with grade-separated intersections and limited access - distinguished from the motorways by lack of emergency lanes only - to four or six lane urban expressways with numerous at-grade intersections and traffic lights or two lane limited access roads with grade separated intersections. The expressways include both incomplete motorways, built in stages,[7] and some state roads (with either limited access, more than two traffic lanes, grade-separated intersections or any combination thereof). There are even some instances of county roads which may be regarded expressways such as Jadranska Avenue (Ž1040).

As a rule, the expressways are not tolled, however major bridges and tunnels on the expressways that are or were part of the Istrian Y are tolled.

List of completed expressways

Number Control cities (or other appropriate route description)
D1 sections through Karlovac[21] (four lane expressway, with at-grade intersections)
D1 Dugopolje interchange (A1) - Split[22] (three lane expressway, with grade separated intersections)
D2 Osijek southern bypass[22] (two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections)
D8 sections through Split[23] (four lane expressway, with at-grade intersections)
A12
D28		 Sveta Helena interchange (A4) - Vrbovec (four lane expressway, with grade separated intersections)
The road is currently physically marked D28, however pursuant to applicable legislation and an agreement between Hrvatske autoceste and Hrvatske ceste made in 2009, the expressway management is transferred to the former, the road is designated as A12 (the legislation stipulates that it shall be marked B12 until it is upgraded to motorway standards).
D424 Zadar 2 interchange (A1) - Zadar[24] (four lane expressway, with grade separated intersections)
D425 Karamatići - Ploče[25] (four/two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections)
D522 Šibenik (Tromilja) interchange (A1) - Šibenik[26] (two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections)
D533 Gornja Ploča interchange (A1) - Udbina[27] (two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections)

State roads

State roads are defined by legislation[2] as important routes for road traffic between various parts of the country. Classification of a road as a state road does not describe actual conditions of the road itself.

State roads in Croatia are assigned one, two or three digit numbers which generally comply with the following pattern (although there are some exceptions to the rules):

  • Single digit numbers (1-9) are assigned to trunk roads, normally of considerable length, spanning between borders of various neighboring countries. An obvious exception to this is the D9 state road however it spans from Bosnia and Herzegovina border and the Adriatic Sea, along the southernmost portion of Pan-European Corridor Vc.
  • Double digit numbers (20-70) are assigned to arterial roads on the mainland.
  • 100s are assigned to island roads
  • 200s are assigned to border crossing access roads
  • 300s are assigned to junction roads, connecting towns or cities (but not other state roads) to motorways or other major roads. Notable exceptions to this are D307 and D310 state roads, although the D307 originally did not connect to the D29, but only to the A2 motorway.
  • 400s are assigned to mainland port and airport access roads.
  • 500s are assigned to connecting roads, connecting two different state roads. Notable exceptions to this rule are the D503 which connects to a port and the D516 which connects to a border crossing checkpoint.

At the moment the state roads in Croatia have a combined length of 6,819.7 kilometres (4,237.6 mi).

D1 - D9

Number Control cities (or other appropriate route description)[2]
D1 Macelj - Krapina - Karlovac - Knin - Split
D2 Dubrava Križovljanska - Varaždin - Koprivnica - Virovitica - Našice - Osijek - Vukovar - Ilok
D3 Goričan - Čakovec - Varaždin - Zagreb - Karlovac - Rijeka
D5 Terezino Polje - Virovitica - Daruvar - Okučani - Stara Gradiška
D6 Jurovski Brod - Ribnik - Karlovac - Vojnić - Glina - Dvor
D7 Duboševica - Beli Manastir - Osijek - Đakovo - Slavonski Šamac
D8 Pasjak - Rijeka - Senj - Zadar - Split - Makarska - Klek; Zaton Doli - Dubrovnik - Karasovići
D9 Metković - Opuzen (D8)

D20 - D70

Number Control cities (or other appropriate route description)[2]
D20 Čakovec (D3) - Prelog - Drnje (D41)
D21 Kaštel – Buje – Medaki interchange (A9) – Bale – Pula (D400)
D22 Novi Marof (D3) – Križevci – Sv. Ivan Žabno (D28)
D23 Duga Resa (D3) – Josipdol – Žuta Lokva – Senj (D8)
D24 Zabok (D1) – Zlatar Bistrica – D. Konjšćina – Budinšćina – Novi Marof – Varaždinske Toplice – Ludbreg (D2)
D25 Korenica (D1) – Bunić – Lički Osik – Gospić – Karlobag (D8)
D26 Vrbovec (D28) - Čazma - Garešnica - Dežanovac - Daruvar (D5)
D27 Gračac (D1) - Obrovac - Benkovac - Stankovci - D8
D28 Sv. Helena interchange (A4) - Vrbovec interchange - Bjelovar - Veliki Zdenci (D5)
D29 N. Golubovec (D35) - Zlatar Bistrica - Marija Bistrica - Soblinec (D3)
D30 Buzin interchange (A3) - Velika Gorica - Petrinja - Hrvatska Kostajnica - Hrvatska Kostajnica
D31 V. Gorica (D30) - G. Viduševac - D6
D32 Prezid - Delnice (D3)
D33 Strmica - Knin - Drniš - Šibenik (ferry port)
D34 Daruvar (D5) - Suhopolje (D2) - Donji Miholjac - Josipovac (D2)
D35 Varaždin (D2) - Lepoglava - Sv. Križ Začretje (D1)
D36 Karlovac (D1) - Pokupsko - Sisak - Popovača interchange (A3)
D37 Sisak (D36) - Petrinja - Glina (D6)
D38 Pakrac (D5) - Požega - Pleternica - Đakovo (D7)
D39 Aržano - Cista Provo - Dubci (D8)
D40 Čavle (D3) - Čavle interchange (A6) - D8
D41 Gola - Koprivnica - Križevci - Vrbovec (D28)
D42 Vrbovsko (D3) - Ogulin - Josipdol - Plaški - Selište Drežničko (D1)
D43 Đurđevac (D2) - Bjelovar - Čazma - Ivanić Grad interchange (A3)
D44 Ponte Portone (D21) - Buzet - Lupoglav interchange (A8)
D45 V. Zdenci (D5) - Garešnica - Kutina interchange (A3)
D46 Đakovo (D7) - Vinkovci - Tovarnik
D47 Lipik (D5) - Novska - Hrvatska Dubica - Hrvatska Kostajnica - Dvor (D6)
D48 Baderna (D21) - Pazin - Rogovići interchange (A8)
D49 Pleternica - Lužani interchange (A3)
D50 Žuta Lokva (D23) - Otočac - Gospić - Gračac (D27)
D51 Gradište (D53) - Požega - Nova Gradiška interchange (A3)
D52 Špilnik (D50) - Korenica (D1)
D53 D. Miholjac - Našice - Slavonski Brod
D54 Maslenica (D8) - Zaton Obrovački (D27)
D55 Borovo (D2) - Vinkovci - Županja
D56 Tromilja interchange (D424) - Benkovac - Skradin - Drniš - Muć - Klis-Grlo interchange (D1)
D57 Vukovar (D2) - Orolik - Nijemci - Lipovac interchange (A3)
D58 Šibenik (port) - Boraja - Trogir (D8)
D59 Knin (D1) - Kistanje - Bribirske Mostine - Putičanje - Kapela (D8)
D60 Brnaze (D1) - Trilj - Cista Provo - Imotski - Vinjani Donji
D62 Šestanovac (D39) - Zagvozd - Vrgorac - Kula Norinska - Metković (D9)
D64 Pazin (D48) - Podpićan - Vozilići (D66)
D66 Pula (D400) - Labin - Opatija - Matulji (D8)
D69 Slatina (D2) - Čeralije - Voćin - Zvečevo - Kamensko (D38)
D70 Omiš (D8) - Naklice - Gata - Blato n/C interchange (A1)

D100 - D128

D200 - D225

D300 - D315

D400 - D425

D500 - D534

Toll

A toll is charged on most Croatian motorways, the only notable exception being the Zagreb bypass. Payment in kuna, all major credit cards and euros are accepted at all toll gates.

There are two toll collection systems in Croatia: the open and the closed system. Open system is used on some bridges and tunnels and short stretches of tolled highway. In this system, there is only one toll plaza and drivers immediately pay the toll upon arriving.

In the closed system, every driver passes through two toll plazas. As the driver enters the system, they are given a receipt on the first toll plaza. This receipt states the point of entry. The receipt is presented upon leaving the highway through the second toll plaza. It is needed to calculate the toll. If the driver loses the receipt, they are charged with the maximum possible toll. If the receipt is more than 24 hours old, the driver must present the toll attendant with a reasonable explanation.

Steps are taken to reduce evasion of toll by adding enclosed separate service areas in each direction and prohibiting U-turns. Additionally, every vehicle is being monitored by video cameras at the toll gates.

Shunpiking is a widely accepted practice for commuters driving what would otherwise be a short stretch of tolled highway. Because of the price of monthly and yearly smart cards, many commuters from outer exurbs use state routes.

There are also reduced rates for transport companies, which should prevent heavy traffic along regional roads. Hrvatske ceste, the Croatian state road authority, imposes additional fees for trucking companies that frequently use a route.

Non-cash toll payment

Not counting cash and credit cards, there are several ways to pay toll on Croatian motorways:[28]

  • Smart card, a nonrefundable and unexpiring prepaid toll card showed to the toll attendant. As of August 2007, a HAC smart card costs 20 kn. Additional toll may be prepaid at owner's will. The smart card enacts a 10% discount on toll when used. It is not recommended to use the smart card for paying less than 200 kn in toll. 200 kn equals to a round-trip in relation Zagreb - Zadar. Smart card must be purchased pre-paying at least 100 kn of toll. Additional money can be added to the toll account at any time. The HAC smart card has recently been refitted to allow use by flashing the card in front of a magnetic card reader.
  • seasonal smart card offers a significantly higher discount rate of 23.5% usable during specified five months. Unused amount upon expiry of these five months will be used with the standard, 10% discount. As of August 2007, a class I vehicle seasonal smart card costs 1200 kn. The full amount is submitted to the toll account.[29]
  • ENC (Elektronička naplata cestarine) is an electronic toll collection system. As of August 2007, the transponder costs 122 kn and a 10% discount on tolls is available. The user must pre-pay at least 90 kn of toll at purchase. Additional money can be added to the toll account at any time. ENC is usually recommended only for at least 10 longer journeys across Croatia. In the tourist season, ENC can drastically shorten wait times on large toll plazas with dedicated ENC lanes (especially toll plaza Lučko in Zagreb).[30] ENC has been criticized for incompatibility among motorway concessioners and often malfunctions.[31]

See also

Maps

  1. ^ Google Maps. Overview map of the A1 (Map). http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&source=s_d&saddr=Unknown+road&daddr=A1%2FE65&geocode=FTg9ugId2KLyAA%3BFeZ5kwIdKGYHAQ&hl=en&mra=mift&mrsp=1&sz=16&sll=43.218907,17.262568&sspn=0.010477,0.022724&ie=UTF8&ll=44.174325,16.864014&spn=5.279256,11.634521&t=h&z=7. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  2. ^ Google Maps. Overview map of the A2 (Map). http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&source=s_d&saddr=E59&daddr=A3&geocode=Fdz6wQIdairyAA%3BFbq2ugIdytDxAA&hl=en&mra=pr&sll=45.789432,15.847692&sspn=0.040099,0.090895&ie=UTF8&t=h&ll=46.013178,16.027679&spn=0.639007,1.454315&z=10. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  3. ^ Google Maps. Overview map of the A3 (Map). http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&source=s_d&saddr=E70&daddr=E70&geocode=FeqJuwIdDHzvAA%3BFUterwIdHokjAQ&hl=en&mra=mift&mrsp=1&sz=15&sll=45.045601,19.116211&sspn=0.019679,0.045447&ie=UTF8&ll=45.267155,17.29248&spn=2.509017,5.817261&t=h&z=8. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  4. ^ Google Maps. Overview map of the A4 (Map). http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&source=s_d&saddr=46.411618,16.700935&daddr=Obilaznica&geocode=FWIvxAIdB9b-AA%3BFdzXugId2iL2AA&hl=en&mra=mift&mrsp=1&sz=15&sll=45.800892,16.134024&sspn=0.020045,0.045447&ie=UTF8&ll=46.075136,16.523438&spn=1.276582,2.90863&t=h&z=9. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  5. ^ Google Maps. Overview map of the A5 (Map). http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&source=s_d&saddr=E73&daddr=Unknown+road&geocode=FcRgtwId1A8bAQ%3BFSHcsAIdMmoXAQ&hl=en&mra=mift&mrsp=1&sz=13&sll=45.144031,18.311462&sspn=0.081122,0.181789&ie=UTF8&ll=45.328013,18.577881&spn=0.646877,1.454315&t=h&z=10. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  6. ^ Google Maps. Overview map of the A6 (Map). http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&source=s_d&saddr=A1&daddr=45.4028947,15.2413832+to:45.3909341,15.1985347+to:45.3853659,15.182387+to:E65&geocode=FeThtAIdMvPoAA%3BFQ7LtAIdp5DoACmXq8sc225kRzFgP5cM4anoTw%3BFVactAIdRunnACnXR6R9eWVkRzHNuGjEs9To5g%3BFZWGtAIdM6rnACnXR6R9eWVkRzHNuGjEs9To5g%3BFUrSswIdsMzcAA&hl=en&mra=dvme&mrcr=0&mrsp=1&sz=11&via=1,2,3&sll=45.385913,15.238037&sspn=0.312979,0.727158&ie=UTF8&ll=45.341528,14.94278&spn=0.607142,1.454315&t=h&z=10. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  7. ^ Google Maps. Overview map of the A7 (Map). http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&source=s_d&saddr=A7&daddr=E65&geocode=FcwXtgIdjuHZAA%3BFahlswId6qrdAA&hl=en&mra=dme&mrcr=0&mrsp=1&sz=16&sll=45.311628,14.527531&sspn=0.009492,0.022724&ie=UTF8&ll=45.380608,14.38179&spn=0.323138,0.727158&t=h&z=11. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  8. ^ Google Maps. Overview map of the A9 (Map). http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&source=s_d&saddr=A9&daddr=Sijanska&geocode=FbJ4sAIdA6fSAA%3BFYsCrQIdO-7TAA&hl=en&mra=mift&mrsp=1&sz=16&sll=44.890935,13.888564&sspn=0.010185,0.022724&ie=UTF8&ll=44.985685,13.914185&spn=0.325388,0.727158&t=h&z=11. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 

References

  1. ^ a b Croatian Parliament (2004-12-18). "Zakon o javnim cestama (Public Roads Act)" (in Croatian). Narodne novine. http://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2004_12_180_3130.html. Retrieved 2010-06-28. 
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Ministry of Sea, Transport and Infrastructure (Croatia) (February 17, 2010). "Decision on categorization of public roads as state roads, county roads and local roads" (in Croatian). Narodne novine. http://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2010_02_17_410.html. Retrieved September 20, 2010. 
  3. ^ a b c Ministry of Sea, Transport and Infrastructure (Croatia) (2003-05-06). "Regulation on markings of motorways, their chainage, interchanges and rest areas" (in Croatian). Narodne novine. http://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/305463.html. Retrieved 2010-06-28. 
  4. ^ Croatian Parliament (2008-06-09). "Zakon o sigurnosti prometa na cestama" (in Croatian). Narodne novine 2008-67. čl. 2, t. 1, st. 3. http://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2008_06_67_2224.html. Retrieved 2010-06-28. 
  5. ^ a b "Odluka o razvrstavanju javnih cesta u autoceste [Decision on classification of public roads as motorways]" (in Croatian). Narodne Novine. July 25, 2007. http://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2007_07_77_2443.html. Retrieved October 18, 2010. 
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Odluka o izmjenama i dopunama odluke o razvrstavanju javnih cesta u autoceste [Decision on amendments and additions to the Decision on classification of public roads as motorways]" (in Croatian). Narodne Novine. January 30, 2009. http://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2009_01_13_296.html. Retrieved October 18, 2010. 
  7. ^ a b "Regulation on motorway markings, chainage, interchange/exit/rest area numbers and names" (in Croatian). Narodne novine. April 24, 2003. http://www.mmpi.hr/UserDocsImages/nn-73-03-Pravilnik-oznacav-ac.htm. 
  8. ^ a b Goran Zubčić, Ahmet Kalajdžić, Mate Primorac (July 30, 2010). "60 million euro for zero meters of road to Dubrovnik" (in Croatian). Slobodna Dalmacija. http://www.slobodnadalmacija.hr/Hrvatska/tabid/66/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/111256/Default.aspx. Retrieved September 6, 2010. 
  9. ^ "Privremeno zaustavljeni radovi na dionici Ravča-Vrgorac-Ploče" (in Croatian). Poslovni dnevnik. February 10, 2010. http://www.poslovni.hr/139501.aspx. Retrieved September 6, 2010. 
  10. ^ "To Križišće in the summer of 2012" (in Croatian). Novi list. March 4, 2010. http://www.novilist.hr/2010/03/04/do-krizisca-u-ljeto-2012-godine.aspx. 
  11. ^ "Plan građenja i održavanja za 2011." (in Croatian). Hrvatske autoceste. January 2011. http://www.hac.hr/hr/poslovanje/plan-gradjenja-i-odrzavanja/. Retrieved 2011-06-26. "Planom građenja i održavanja autocesta za 2011. godinu predviđaju se: [...] puštanje u promet [...] autocesta [...] na pravcu Zagreb – Sisak dionica Jakuševac – Velika Gorica jug duljine 10 km" 
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Public roads construction and maintenance program 2009 - 2012" (in Croatian). HUKA. December 11, 2009. http://www.huka.hr/objekti/zakonodavstvo/zakonodavstvo-rh/PROGRAMODRZIGRADJJAVNIHC2009-2012.pdf. Retrieved September 6, 2010. 
  13. ^ Kate Šutalo (May 11, 2009). "Sanader opens Dubrovnik motorway works" (in Croatian). Jutarnji list. http://www.jutarnji.hr/sanader-otvorio-radove-na-autocesti-do-dubrovnika/205184/. Retrieved September 7, 2010. 
  14. ^ a b "No funds for Križišće - Žuta Lokva motorway" (in Croatian). Novi list. March 12, 2010. http://www.novilist.hr/2010/03/13/nula-kuna-za-autocestu-krizisce-.aspx. 
  15. ^ "Full profile motorway construction plan". May 15, 2010. http://www.bina-istra.com/Default.aspx?sid=1838. Retrieved September 20, 2010. 
  16. ^ "Second phase of Istrian Upsilon, p.5". June 15, 2010. http://www.casopis-gradjevinar.hr/dokumenti/201005/5.pdf. 
  17. ^ Silvana Fable (June 20, 2010). "Istra dobila prve kilometre autoceste. I cestarinu također [Istria got the first kilometers of motorways. And toll charges too.]" (in Croatian). Jutarnji list. http://www.jutarnji.hr/istra-dobila-prve-kilometre-autoceste-i-prvu-naplatu-cestarine/840609/. Retrieved July 3, 2011. 
  18. ^ "On sections of the Podravina Y - A12 and A13" (in Croatian). Croatian Motorways Ltd. April 24, 2009. http://www.hac.hr/index.php?task=med&stask=1&idNews=00000002249&page=. 
  19. ^ "A12 motorway brochure" (in Croatian). Croatian Motorways Ltd. April 27, 2009. http://www.hac.hr/docs/brosure/A12-brosura.pdf. 
  20. ^ "A13 motorway brochure" (in Croatian). Croatian Motorways Ltd. April 27, 2009. http://www.hac.hr/docs/brosure/A13-brosura.pdf. 
  21. ^ "The works must be finished by touristic season or suspended" (in Croatian). Večernji list. April 9, 2010. http://www.vecernji.hr/regije/moramo-zavrsiti-turisticke-sezone-ili-obustavljamo-radove-clanak-123512. 
  22. ^ a b "Solin - Klis expressway closed from 5am to 1pm due to road works" (in Croatian). Slobodna Dalmacija. June 5, 2010. http://www.slobodnadalmacija.hr/Hrvatska/tabid/66/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/105021/Default.aspx. 
  23. ^ "Trogir - Omiš expressway construction resumed" (in Croatian). Nova TV. November 6, 2006. http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/nastavljena-izgradnja-brze-ceste-trogir-omis.html. 
  24. ^ "Kalmeta officially opens Zadar 2 - Gaženica four lane expressway" (in Croatian). eZadar. November 6, 2007. http://www.ezadar.hr/clanak/kalmeta-sluzbeno-otvorio-cetverotracnu-brzu-cestu-zadar-2-gazenica. 
  25. ^ "The motorway approaches Dubrovnik" (in Croatian). Dubrovački List. December 27, 2008. http://www.dulist.hr/content/view/3109/95/. 
  26. ^ "Šibenik - Drniš - Knin - Bosnia and Herzegovina border expressway" (in Croatian). Građevinar. March 28, 2008. http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/43450. 
  27. ^ "Dalmatina opens gates of Dalmatia" (in Croatian). Slobodna Dalmacija. July 1, 2003. http://arhiv.slobodnadalmacija.hr/20030701/novosti01.asp. 
  28. ^ "HAC SMART card". Hrvatske autoceste. http://www.hac.hr/?task=ces&stask=5. Retrieved 2010-09-02. 
  29. ^ "Seasonal subscription" (PowerPoint). Hrvatske autoceste. http://www.hac.hr/docs/Prezentacija_popust_161205_en.ppt. Retrieved 2010-09-02. 
  30. ^ "Electronic toll collection - ETC". Hrvatske autoceste. http://www.hac.hr/index.php?task=ces&stask=14. Retrieved 2010-09-02. 
  31. ^ Đečević, Jasmin (2008-07-25). "Elektronska naplata cestarine vozačima stvorila probleme" (in Croatian). Večernji list. http://www.jutarnji.hr/clanak/art-2008,7,25,,127861.jl. Retrieved 2008-07-29. 

External links

v · d · eHighways of Croatia
Motorway system in Croatia Motorways (autocesta, pl. autoceste)
A1 • A2 • A3 • A4 • A5 • A6 • A7 • A8 • A9 • A11
 Croat Motorway symbol
Expressways (* partial)
D1* • D28* • D424 • D425 • D522 • D533
Future motorways
A10 • A12 • A13
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