Fairfield, Alabama

Fairfield
—  City  —
Location in Jefferson County and the state of Alabama
Coordinates: 33°28′36″N 86°55′0″W / 33.47667°N 86.916667°W / 33.47667; -86.916667Coordinates: 33°28′36″N 86°55′0″W / 33.47667°N 86.916667°W / 33.47667; -86.916667
Country	United States
State	Alabama
County	Jefferson
Area
– Total	3.5 sq mi (9.2 km2)
– Land	3.5 sq mi (9.2 km2)
– Water	0 sq mi (0 km2)
Elevation	561 ft (171 m)
Population (2000)
– Total	12,381
– Density	3,537.4/sq mi (1,345.8/km2)
Time zone	Central (CST) (UTC-6)
– Summer (DST)	CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP code	35064
Area code(s)	205
FIPS code	01-25120
GNIS feature ID	0118113

Fairfield is a city in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. It is part of the Birmingham–Hoover Metropolitan Area. The population was 12,381 at the 2000 census. As of 2006, the Census estimates the population to be 11,547.^{[citation needed]}

History

This city was founded in 1910 in which the featured speaker at the dedication ceremony was former President Theodore Roosevelt. It was originally named Corey, after an executive of U. S. Steel Corporation. The name was later changed to the city in which the President of U. S. Steel lived, Fairfield, Connecticut. It was planned as a model city by the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company to house workers in their new Fairfield Works plant, now owned by U.S. Steel similar to its northern city of Ensley.

Geography

Fairfield is located at 33°28′37″N 86°55′01″W / 33.476908°N 86.916842°W / 33.476908; -86.916842.^[1]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.5 square miles (9.1 km²), all of it land.

Demographics

Historical populations
Census	Pop.		%±
1920	5,003		—
1930	11,059		121.0%
1940	11,703		5.8%
1950	13,177		12.6%
1960	15,816		20.0%
1970	14,369		−9.1%
1980	13,242		−7.8%
1990	12,200		−7.9%
2000	12,381		1.5%
Est. 2007	11,410		−7.8%

As of the census^[2] of 2000, there were 12,381 people, 4,600 households, and 3,141 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,503.8 people per square mile (1,354.2/km²). There were 4,960 housing units at an average density of 1,403.7 per square mile (542.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 8.90% White, 90.23% Black or African American, 0.06% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.17% from other races, and 0.48% from two or more races. 0.59% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 4,600 households out of which 34.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.6% were married couples living together, 28.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.7% were non-families. 29.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.17.

In the city the population was spread out with 26.7% under the age of 18, 11.9% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 79.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 73.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,845, and the median income for a family was $38,552. Males had a median income of $30,833 versus $25,143 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,607. About 16.5% of families and 21.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.7% of those under age 18 and 25.3% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Fairfield has its own school system, independent from Jefferson County. The system includes three elementary schools, Forest Hills Middle School, Fairfield High Preparatory School (formerly Fairfield High School), and an alternative all-grades school.

The city is also home to Miles College, a historically black college operated by the CME Church. The school was founded in 1898.

Industry and business

Main entrance to the U. S. Steel Fairfield Works

Though the United States steel making industry has gone through a decline through the last half of the 20th Century, U.S. Steel's Fairfield Works continues to be a major employer, though not in the levels seen around the 1950s. Advances in steel-making technology have enabled the works to produce roughly the same amount of product as during that era, but with a much smaller workforce.

Portions of the Works have been closed over the years, but many parts of the complex have been reopened by smaller industries, some of which are steel-related.

Fairfield is traversed by I-20/I-59. Three railroads serve the area: CSX Transportation (former Louisville and Nashville Railroad), Norfolk Southern Railway (former Southern Railway), and short-line Birmingham Southern Railroad, which is headquartered in Fairfield.

The city's downtown area features a number of small businesses, primarily service-related. Other retail businesses are concentrated along Aronov Drive, northwest of Western Hills Mall, though those strip malls have declined due to closures of Kmart and Winn-Dixie locations. Sears operates a stand-alone store in this area.

Western Hills Mall

Main article: Western Hills Mall

Western Hills Mall is the city's major shopping mall.

Notable residents

• Willie Mays attended school in Fairfield, graduating from Fairfield Industrial High School in 1950. As a student, he played baseball, football, and basketball, and even played professionally for the Birmingham Black Barons of the Negro American League while still a student.
• Actor George Lindsey ("The Andy Griffith Show") was born in Fairfield.
• Jazz musician Cleveland Eaton (Count Basie Orchestra) was born in Fairfield.
• Photographer Spider Martin was born in Fairfield.
• Former Fairfield Mayor, Jefferson County Commission President, and Mayor of Birmingham Larry Langford resided in Fairfield.
• Georgia congressman and environmental advocate James MacKay was born in Fairfield.
• Former NFL players Red Cochran and Jim Tolbert were born in Fairfield.
• Federal judge U. W. Clemon was born in Fairfield.

References

1. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html. Retrieved 2011-04-23. 
2. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 

External links

• Fairfield Main Street Inc