Chronicle

For other uses, see Chronicle (disambiguation).

Generally a chronicle (Latin: chronica, from Greek χρονικά, from χρόνος, chronos, "time") is a historical account of facts and events ranged in chronological order, as in a time line. Typically, equal weight is given for historically important events and local events, the purpose being the recording of events that occurred, seen from the perspective of the chronicler. This is in contrast to a narrative or history, which sets selected events in a meaningful interpretive context and excludes those the author does not see as important.

In modern times various contemporary newspapers or other periodicals have adopted "chronicle" as part of their name. Various fictional stories have also adopted "chronicle" as part of their title, to give an impression of epic proportion to their stories. A chronicle which traces world history is called a universal chronicle.

Scholars categorize the genre of chronicle into two subgroups: live chronicles, and dead chronicles. A dead chronicle is one where the author gathers his list of events up to the time of his writing, but does not record further events as they occur. A live chronicle is where one or more authors add to a chronicle in a regular fashion, recording contemporary events shortly after they occur. Because of the immediacy of the information, historians tend to value live chronicles, such as annals, over dead ones.

The term often refers to a book written by a chronicler in the Middle Ages describing historical events in a country, or the lives of a nobleman or a clergyman, although it is also applied to a record of public events.

Chronicles are the predecessors of modern "time lines" rather than analytical histories. They represent accounts, in prose or verse, of local or distant events over a considerable period of time, both the lifetime of the individual chronicler and often those of several subsequent continuators. If the chronicles deal with events year by year, they are often called annals. Unlike the modern historian, most chroniclers tended to take their information as they found it, and made little attempt to separate fact from legend. The point-of-view of most chroniclers is highly localised, to the extent that many anonymous chroniclers can be sited in individual abbeys.

The most important English chronicles are the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, started under the patronage of King Alfred in the ninth century and continued until the twelfth century, and the Chronicles of England, Scotland and Ireland (1577–87) by Raphael Holinshed and other writers; the latter documents were important sources of materials for Elizabethan drama.^[1] Later sixteenth century Scottish chronicles, written after the Reformation, shape history according to Catholic or Protestant viewpoints.

It is impossible to say how many chronicles exist, as the many ambiguities in the definition of the genre make it impossible to draw clear distinctions of what should or should not be included. However, the Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle lists some 2500 items written between 300 and 1500 AD.

Alphabetical list of notable chronicles

• Anglo-Saxon Chronicle — England
• Annales Cambriae - Wales
• Annales seu cronicae incliti Regni Poloniae - Poland
• Annals of Inisfallen — Ireland
• Annals of Lough Cé - Ireland
• Annals of the Four Masters — Ireland
• Annals of Spring and Autumn — China
• Anonymous Bulgarian Chronicle — Bulgaria
• Bodhi Vamsa — Sri Lanka
• Books of Chronicles — Middle East
• Culavamsa — Sri Lanka
• (Chronica Polonorum): see Gesta principum Polonorum
• Chronica Gentis Scotorum
• Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae - Poland
• Chronicon of Eusebius
• Chronicon Scotorum - Ireland
• Dioclean Priest's Chronicle — Europe
• Chronica Hungarorum - History of Hungary
• Chronicle of Jean de Venette - France
• Chronographia - Byzantium
• Cronaca fiorentina - Chronicle of Florence up to the end of the 14th Century by Baldassarre Bonaiuti
• Cronicae et gesta ducum sive principum Polonorum - Poland
• Croyland Chronicle — England
• Dipavamsa — Sri Lanka
• Eric's Chronicle — Sweden
• Eusebius Chronicle — Mediterranean and Middle East
• Fragmentary Annals of Ireland - Ireland
• Froissart's Chronicles — Western Europe
• Galician-Volhynian Chronicle — Ukraine
• Gesta principum Polonorum
• Henry of Livona Chronicle — Eastern Europe
• History of Greater Britain, Historia majoris Britanniae, tam Angliae quam Scotiae, John Major
• History of the Scottish People, Historia Gentis Scotorum, Hector Boece
• History of Scotland, Rerum Scoticarum Historia, George Buchanan
• History of Scotland, De origine, moribus, ac rebus gestis Scotiae libri decem, John Leslie
• The Historie and Chronicles of Scotland, Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie
• History of the Prophets and Kings — Middle East and Mediterranean
• Hustyn Chronicle - Eastern Europe
• Jans der Enikel — Europe and Mediterranean
• Joannis de Czarnkow chronicon Polonorum - Poland
• Jerome's Chronicle — Mediterranean and Middle East
• Kaiserchronik -Central and southern Europe, Germany
• Kano Chronicle — Nigeria
• Lethrense Chronicle — Denmark
• Mahavamsa — Sri Lanka
• Manx Chronicle - Isle of Man
• Nabonidus Chronicle — Mesopotamia
• Nuova Cronica — Florence
• Paschale Chronicle — Mediterranean
• Puranas — India
• Qur'an — Middle East
• Rajatarangini — Kashmir
• Records of Three Kingdoms — China
• Roit and Quheil of Tyme -Scotland, Adam Abell
• Primary Chronicle — Eastern Europe
• Chronicle of the Slavs — Europe
• Scotichronicon
• Swiss illustrated chronicles — Switzerland
• Chronicon of Thietmar of Merseburg

References

1. ^ 'A Glossary of Literary Terms' - M.H. Abrams

See also

• Chronicles are two canonical books of the Old Testament. See Books of Chronicles.
• List of English chronicles
• Medieval Chronicle Society