Obesity in the Pacific

Obesity in the Pacific is a growing health concern with health officials stating that it is one of the leading causes of preventable deaths in the Pacific Rim. According to Forbes, Pacific island nations and associated states make up the top seven on a 2007 list of fattest countries, and eight of the top ten. In all these cases, more than 70% of citizens aged 15 and over have an unhealthy weight.^[1]

Reasons for this issue include mining operations that have left not much arable land; as a result, much of the local diet is of processed, imported food such as Spam or corned beef,^[2] rather than fresh fish, fruit and vegetables.^[3] In addition, cultural factors have been blamed, such as associating a large body size with wealth and power, or changing ways of living, with children leading more sedentary lives.^[4]

The problem is leading to increased levels of illness, including diabetes and heart diseases. In the Marshall Islands in 2008 there were 8,000 cases of diabetes in a population of only 53,000.^[5] In Fiji, strokes used to be rare in the under 50s, whilst doctors reported that they had become common amongst patients in their 20s and 30s.^[5]

The problems are not confined to the small island nations, with the United States appearing 9th on the list, New Zealand 17th, and Australia 21st.^[1] In Australia, the point has been reached that ambulances have been redesigned, and equipped with heavier stretchers and larger wheelchairs to take account of the increased weight of the patients they will be required to carry.^[6]

Weight rank

World ranking[1]	Pacific country	% of overweight persons (aged 15 and over)
1.	Nauru	94.5
2.	Micronesia, Federated States of	91.1
3.	Cook Islands	90.9
4.	Tonga	90.8
5.	Niue	81.7
6.	Samoa	80.4
7.	Palau	78.4
10.	Kiribati	73.6

See also

• Epidemiology of obesity

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} Lauren Streib (8 February 2007). Forbes "World's Fattest Countries". Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/2007/02/07/worlds-fattest-countries-forbeslife-cx_ls_0208worldfat_2.html Forbes. Retrieved 12 February 2009. 
2. ^ Nick Squires (12 April 2008). "Spam at heart of South Pacific obesity crisis". The Daily Telegraph (London). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1578329/Spam-at-heart-of-South-Pacific-obesity-crisis.html. Retrieved 21 August 2009. 
3. ^ Phil Mercer (26 February 2007). "South Pacific Leads the World in Obesity". http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2007-02/2007-02-26-voa10.cfm?CFID=278895067&CFTOKEN=57831593&jsessionid=de30b85b0820b82d436d22423d97d3d55515. Retrieved 21 August 2009. ^{[dead link]}
4. ^ "Pacific Islanders are world's fattest". BBC News. 28 November 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1681297.stm. Retrieved 21 August 2009. 
5. ^ ^{a b} "Modern life means modern ills for obese Pacific islanders". 8 February 2008. http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5ju26-r3oLMhR0QssuEzYduCEplDQ. Retrieved 21 August 2009. 
6. ^ Phil Mercer (25 March 2007). "Obese Aussies get big ambulances". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/6494117.stm. Retrieved 21 August 2009.