Corpus callosotomy

Corpus callosotomy
"Callosotomy" redirects here. It is not to be confused with Colostomy.

Corpus callosotomy (or less frequently, callotomy) is a surgical procedure that disconnects the cerebral hemispheres, resulting in a condition called split-brain.

Most modern callosotomies involve only the anterior portion of the corpus callosum, reflecting the fact that the frontal lobe and temporal lobe are the lobes of the brain most commonly involved in the genesis of seizures. The deficits from this modified procedure are milder; side-effects have not been found in some patients (although it is very unlikely that none exist).

The corpus callosum is usually severed in order to stop epileptic seizures. Once the corpus callosum is cut, the brain has much more difficulty sending messages between the hemispheres. Although the corpus callosum is the largest white matter tract connecting the hemispheres, some limited interhemispheric communication is still possible via the anterior commissure and posterior commissure. When tested in particular situations, it is obvious that information transfer between the hemispheres is reduced.

Further reading

  • Sauerwein, Hannelore C.; Lassonde, Maryse; Revol, Olivier; Cyr, Francine; Geoffroy, Guy; Mercier, Claude (15 December 2001). "Chapter 26 - Neuropsychological and Psycho-social Consequences of Corpus Callosotomy". In Jambaqué, Isabelle; Lassonde, Maryse; Dulac, Olivier. Neuropsychology of Childhood Epilepsy. Advances in Behavioral Biology Series. 50. New York: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 245–256. doi:10.1007/0-306-47612-6_26. ISBN 9780306465222. 
  • Maxwell, Robert E. (6 August 2009). "Chapter 162 - Corpus Callosotomy". In Lozano, Andres M.; Gildenberg, Philip L.; Tasker, Ronald R. Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery (2nd ed.). Berlin: Springer‐Verlag. pp. 2723–2740. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-69960-6_162. ISBN 9783540699590. 
  • Roberts, David W. (17 August 2009). "Chapter 74 - Corpus Callosotomy". In Shorvon, Simon; Perucca, Emilio; Engel Jr, Jerome. The Treatment of Epilepsy (3rd ed.). Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 943–950. doi:10.1002/9781444316667.ch74. ISBN 9781405183833. 

External links

v · d · eSurgery, Nervous system: neurosurgical and other procedures (ICD-9-CM V3 01–05+89.1, ICD-10-PCS 00-01)
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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Corpus callosum — For the two films with this name, see Corpus Callosum (2002) and Corpus Callosum (2007) Brain: Corpus callosum Corpus callosum from above. (Anterior portion is at the top of the image.) …   Wikipedia

  • callosotomy — noun severing the corpus callosum so that communication between the cerebral hemispheres is interrupted (in cases of severe intractable epilepsy) • Syn: ↑callosectomy • Hypernyms: ↑psychosurgery …   Useful english dictionary

  • Split Brain — Corpus callosum (19), frontaler Schnitt Split Brain (englisch: geteiltes Gehirn) bezeichnet in der Medizin den Zustand nach der neurochirurgischen Durchtrennung des Corpus callosum, welches die beiden Hirnhemisphären miteinander verbindet. Den Ei …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Callosotomie — Die Artikel Split Brain und Callosotomie überschneiden sich thematisch. Hilf mit, die Artikel besser voneinander abzugrenzen oder zu vereinigen. Beteilige dich dazu an der Diskussion über diese Überschneidungen. Bitte entferne diesen Baustein… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • corpuscallosotomy — cor·pus·cal·lo·sot·o·my (korґpəs kal ə sotґə me) [corpus callosum + otomy] surgical transection of the fibers in the corpus callosum, done to gain access to third ventricular structures; formerly used to treat intractable epilepsy …   Medical dictionary

  • Split-brain — is a lay term to describe the result when the corpus callosum connecting the two hemispheres of the brain is severed to some degree. The surgical operation to produce this condition is called corpus callosotomy. It is performed rarely, usually as …   Wikipedia

  • Lateralization of brain function — This article is about specialization of function between the left and right hemispheres of the brain. For specialization of brain function generally, see Localization of brain function. The human brain is divided into two hemispheres–left and… …   Wikipedia

  • Optic tract — Brain: Optic tract The left optic nerve and the optic tracts. Latin tractus opticus Gray s subject #189 814 …   Wikipedia

  • Colostomy — Not to be confused with corpus callosotomy. Colostomy Intervention Line drawing showing a permanent colostomy for rectal cancer. ICD 9 CM …   Wikipedia

  • Hemispherectomy — Interventions infobox Name = Hemispherectomy ICD10 = ICD9 = 01.52 OtherCodes = Hemispherectomy is a surgical procedure where one cerebral hemisphere (half of the brain) is removed or disabled. This procedure is used to treat a variety of seizure… …   Wikipedia

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