Nicotine patch

Nicotine patch
A 21 mg dose Nicoderm CQ patch applied to the left arm

A nicotine patch is a transdermal patch that releases nicotine into the body through the skin. It is used as an aid in nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), a process for smoking cessation. The first published study of the pharmacokinetics of a transdermal nicotine patch in humans was authored by Jed E. Rose, Ph.D., Murray E. Jarvik, M.D., Ph.D. and K. Daniel Rose, M.D., in the journal Drug and Alcohol Dependence (vol. 13, pp.209-213, 1984). This was followed by publication of results of a study of smokers showing that a transdermal nicotine patch reduced craving for cigarettes (Rose JE, Herskovic JE, Trilling Y and Jarvik ME, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, vol. 38, pp. 450-456, 1985). The University of California filed a patent application in April, 1985 that was granted in 1991 (U.S. Patent #4,920,989). However, a competing patent application, filed by Dr. Frank T. Etscorn III, was issued on July 1, 1986 (U.S. Patent #4,597,961). Subsequently, the U.S. Patent Office declared an interference action and, on September 29, 1993, issued a priority decision in favor of the Rose et al. patent.

Contents

Issues

Efficacy

Dozens of clinical trials have shown that the patch approximately doubles success rates over placebo treatment [Fiore MC, Jaén CR, Baker TB, et al. Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence: 2008 Update. Quick Reference Guide for Clinicians. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. April 2009].

Alternate uses

Nicotine patches are under study to help relieve the symptoms of post-surgical pain.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ Nicotine Patch Decreases Post Surgical Pain
v · d · eRoutes of administration / Dosage forms
Oral
Buccal / Sublabial / Sublingual
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Inhaler.jpg
Glycerin suppositories.jpg
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Ocular / Otologic / Nasal
Urogenital
Rectal (enteral)
Dermal
Injection / Infusion
(into tissue/blood)
  • Intracavernous
  • Intravitreal
  • Intra-articular or intrasynovial injection
  • Transscleral
Additional explanation:
Mucous membranes are used by the human body to absorb the dosage for all routes of administration, except for "Dermal" and "Injection/Infusion".
Administration routes can also be grouped as Topical (local effect) or Systemic (defined as Enteral = Digestive tract/Rectal, or Parenteral = All other routes).
v · d · eRoutes of administration by organ system
Gastrointestinal
Oral • Buccal • Sublabial • Sublingual • Rectal
Respiratory system
Pulmonary • Nasal
Visual system / Auditory system
Ocular (Ocular-topical / Intravitreal / Transscleral) • Otologic (Oto-topical)
Reproductive system
Intracavernous • Intravaginal • Intrauterine (Extra-amniotic)
Urinary system
Intravesical
Peritoneum
Central nervous system
Intracerebral • Intrathecal • Epidural
Circulatory system
Musculoskeletal system
Skin
Epicutaneous • Intradermal • Subcutaneous

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • nicotine patch — noun A patch impregnated with nicotine and put on the skin to allow gradual absorption into the bloodstream • • • Main Entry: ↑nicotine …   Useful english dictionary

  • nicotine patch — nicotine .patch n a small piece of material containing nicotine which you stick on your skin to help you stop smoking …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • nicotine patch — nicotine ,patch noun count a small flat piece of material that people stick on their skin when they are trying to stop smoking …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • nicotine patch — UK / US noun [countable] Word forms nicotine patch : singular nicotine patch plural nicotine patches a small flat piece of material that people stick on their skin when they are trying to stop smoking …   English dictionary

  • nicotine patch — A patch that sticks on the skin and contains a small dose of nicotine, which enters the blood by being absorbed through the skin. This helps stop nicotine cravings and relieves symptoms that occur when a person is trying to quit smoking. A… …   English dictionary of cancer terms

  • nicotine patch — noun An adhesive patch, affixed to the skin, that slowly diffuses nicotine into the bloodstream; used by people who are trying to quit smoking …   Wiktionary

  • nicotine patch — noun a patch impregnated with nicotine, worn on the skin by a person trying to reduce their craving for cigarettes …   English new terms dictionary

  • nicotine patch — /nɪkəˈtin pætʃ/ (say nikuh teen pach) noun an adhesive patch (def. 11) which provides nicotine through the skin, used by those trying to stop the addictive habit of smoking …  

  • nicotine patch — noun (C) a small piece of material containing nicotine which you stick on your skin to help you stop smoking …   Longman dictionary of contemporary English

  • Nicotine (disambiguation) — Nicotine may refer to: Nicotine, an organic compound Nicotine Caffeine, a video game character Nicotinic acid, otherwise known as niacin or Vitamin B3 See also Nicotine gum Nicotine patch Nicotine poisoning …   Wikipedia

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