National Soccer League

"National Soccer League" redirects here. For other uses, see National Soccer League (disambiguation).

National Soccer League

Countries	Australia  New Zealand
Founded	1977
First season	1977
Folded	2004
Number of teams	42 (total)
Last champions	Perth Glory (2nd title)
Most championships	Marconi Stallions South Melbourne FC Sydney City (4 titles each)
TV partners	Seven Network & C7 Sport (1998-2002) ABC (2000) SBS (2002-2004)

The National Soccer League (NSL) is the former national association football competition in Australasia, overseen by Soccer Australia and later the Australian Soccer Association. The NSL spanned 28 seasons from its inception in 1977, until its demise in 2004.^[1] In 2005, it was succeeded by the A-League competition, run by Football Federation Australia, the successor to the Australian Soccer Association.^[2] The competition was also known by various names including the Philips Soccer League,^[3] Coca-Cola Soccer League,^[4] Ericsson Cup^[5] and briefly during the mid-1990s the A-League.

History

Pre-NSL history of interstate club competition

Competition between club sides from different states existed in various forms prior to the formation of the NSL. The petroleum company Ampol sponsored cup competitions in the various states, starting with New South Wales in 1957, with other states following in their stead.^[6] Later a national Ampol Cup was conducted which continued throughout the 1960s. From 1962 until 1968 an Australia Cup was held,^[7] but its ambition of becoming an FA Cup style knockout competition went unfulfilled. In the 1970s the top sides from Melbourne and Sydney played off in an end of season series,^[8] but the tournament didn't seem to quite capture the legitimacy and popularity that was hoped for.

Plans for a national home and away league went back as far as 1965 for a 1967 start,^[9] and were followed up by variations on the theme throughout the 1960s and early 1970s, but faced opposition variously from clubs, who deemed the notion uneconomical, and state federations who feared losing their power. Australia's qualification for the 1974 World Cup led to various discussions in 1975 and 1976, with eventually 14 teams being chosen to participate in the inaugural season of the national league.^[10]

The transition from state-based leagues to a national competition was not all smooth. The Victorian Soccer Federation was reluctant for its big clubs to be involved and it appeared the dream of Alex Pongrass of St George and Frank Lowy of Hakoah Sydney for a nationwide club competition would not evolve. Little-known Mooroolbark from Melbourne's outer eastern suburbs broke the deadlock by joining the competition, bringing three other Victorian sides with it, making the national league a reality.^[11]

1977–1983 Sydney dominance

The first seven seasons of the league would be dominated by Sydney clubs, with Sydney City winning four titles, and only West Adelaide SC being able to wrest the title from New South Wales. The competition at this stage was a simple first past the post. A post season finals series was played during this era but was considered more of an exhibition series rather than a legitimate game to decide the national champion, although some confusion still exists on this matter particularly amongst some Heidelberg supporters who consider the 1980 'final' as a legitimate decider.^[12]

1984–1986 Conference system and shift of power

Shrinking crowds led to the radical move of introducing more teams (mainly from Victoria and New South Wales) and splitting the league into two conferences, with the winner of each division to play off in an end of year two legged final. For season 1984 the 'Australian' Conference had competing teams from New South Wales and the ACT, whilst the 'National' Conference consisted of Victorian, South Australian and Queensland clubs. For 1985 and 1986 this reverted to 'Northern' and 'Southern' Conferences. Strangely, the competition's most geographically northern sides, Brisbane Lions and Brisbane City were in the latter grouping.

This period saw South Melbourne become the first Victorian team to win the league, followed by Brunswick Juventus, and Adelaide City, all Southern conference sides. At the end of the 1986 season, the system was scrapped, and about half the teams were dumped back to their respective state leagues. The criteria used to decide who stayed and who went was based 50% on the 1986 playing record, 40% on past playing record, and 10% on crowd support.^[13] The result was that only one team from outside Sydney and Melbourne, reigning champions Adelaide City, was retained.

1987–1989 Return to single division and last years of winter football

The revamped league suffered a major setback early on when Sydney City pulled out of the competition after just one round into the new season.^[13] Apart from returning to a single division, the league also dispensed with finals for the 1987 season, reverting back to first past the post. Many considered this an ill-considered move, as it robbed the league of its most high profile games.^[14] Finals were re-introduced from 1988, and were to remain until the league's demise. The 1989 season would be the last to be played in winter. This period saw a re-emergence of New South Wales dominance with all titles, minor premierships and runners-up being from that state.

1989/90-1995/96 Birth of summer football

Attempts to shift the league towards a summer season went back into the early 1980s, but only came to pass for the 1989/90 season. The rationale for this change was simple. The league would avoid being marginalised in the media during the peak of the Australian Football League and Australian Rugby League seasons, as well as providing better playing surfaces and spectator comfort owing to the better weather.

The impetus given to the league from the switch was not enough for some clubs to remain in the league, with many clubs being relegated or being demoted back to the state leagues, including former champions Brunswick Juventus, St George and APIA Leichhardt, as well as once upon a time contenders in Heidelberg and Preston. This coincided with a renewed push by soccer authorities to force clubs to market themselves to mainstream Australia, as opposed to their own mostly migrant fan bases. This included name and logo changes, as well as the banning of ethnic flags, changes which were begrudgingly agreed to by the clubs, though in the terraces the fans generally continued to chant the old names. Marconi, South Melbourne FC, Adelaide City and the Melbourne Knights were the dominant sides of this era, with numerous titles and grand final appearances between them.

1996/97-2000/01 New clubs and attempts to enter the mainstream

From 1996 onwards the league attempted to revitalise the competition and attempt to hook into the mainstream support by finally introducing a team from Western Australia, in the form of Perth Glory, as well as other new entities which promised to deliver mainstream support, as well as being fully professional outfits as opposed to the majority of clubs and players who were only semi-professional. Among the new clubs at this time were the Collingwood Warriors, Carlton, Northern Spirit and Parramatta Power.

These clubs would have varying degrees of success on and off the field. Collingwood Warriors barely managed to last a season, while Carlton reached the grand final in its debut year, but was unable to attract a substantial fan base. Northern Spirit FC started off with record crowds, and a good debut season reaching the finals, but gradually crowds declined, and financial difficulties along with a controversial takeover by Rangers,^[15] didn't help matters. They would survive until the end of the NSL, but fold thereafter. Parramatta Power failed to gather much support, placed as it was in the midst of the already crowded western Sydney soccer market, and it too would not last beyond the end of the NSL. Perth Glory became the most successful of the new mainstream entrants. High crowds and good performances throughout the NSL's last decade made Perth Glory for many observers the benchmark and role model for all future entrants to the Australian top-flight.

A then record grand final crowd of 40,000 people saw the Brisbane Strikers become the first Queensland side to win the title in season 1996/97, but it never resulted in Brisbane gaining much bigger crowds in the following seasons than they were accustomed to. South Melbourne FC won back to back titles in the late 1990s, and by also winning the 1999 Oceania Club Championship, earning the right to play in the 2000 FIFA Club World Championship, where it put in some respectable performances, and a tidy sum in prize money. Wollongong Wolves became the only side from regional Australia to win the league, with their back to back titles in 1999/2000 and 2000/01. The 1999/2000 Grand Final against Perth Glory at Subiaco Oval in Perth saw a record attendance of 43,242, overtaking the 1997 figure in Brisbane and a record that would remain until the 2007 A-League Grand Final in Melbourne. The cancellation of the 2001 FIFA Club World Championship however was a major blow to the league as clubs which had seen a way of making a substantial amount of much needed money.

2001/02–2003/04 Decline and demise

After the 2001 FIFA Club World Championship was cancelled, the NSL was in great turmoil. High profile Australian players began to leave the NSL due to more enticing offers from overseas leagues.

In 1998, Soccer Australia sold the television rights for the NSL and Socceroos matches to the Seven Network in a 10 year contract that was worth $2.5 million a year. Seven bought the rights to be one of the flagships of its pay TV sport channel, C7 Sport. It also broadcast a small amount of coverage on its free-to-air network. At one point in 2000, the amount of free-to-air coverage on the NSL was only a one hour highlights package of the NSL after midnight on Wednesdays.

In 2002, C7 Sport closed after the Seven Network lost the AFL rights and pay TV networks stopped carrying the channel. The next year, Seven severed its contract in the last week of Soccer Australia's existence. This left the NSL with no TV coverage at all until SBS picked up the rights soon after.

The consequent lack of sponsorship meant the league fell into even further decline which lead to its eventual demise at the end of the 2003-04 season. Highlights were few and far between, but Sydney Olympic re-emerged as a genuine leading club for the first time in a decade, winning its second title, and Perth Glory went on to win the last two titles of the NSL, after previously having lost two grand finals.

The birth of Adelaide United, as a quickly formed replacement of Adelaide City who withdrew just before the start of the final NSL season, was perhaps the sole major highlight of this era, as they put in good performances, but most importantly, registered crowds which had not been seen in Adelaide since the heyday of Adelaide City and West Adelaide.

The league in 2003-04 was won by Perth Glory after a 1-0 win against Parramatta Power on April 4, 2004, almost 27 years to the day that the national competition began. Nik Mrdja had the honor of scoring the last goal in the NSL, a 98th minute golden goal to seal the championship for Perth. After this, national competition went into recess for a year and a half. In November 2004, 8 teams, including 5 from the now defunct NSL, formed the A-League, the revamped national competition. The first competition began on the 26th of August 2005, ending the long recess.

Competition format

The competition structure changed many times throughout the NSL's history. From its inception in 1977 until 1983, it was simply a matter of first past the post. However a compromise format was devised between the traditional first past the post and the Australian system of finals. In 1978, 1979 (two-legged Grand Final), 1980 and 1982 a finals series was conducted but the winner of the Grand Final didn't determine who won the title. From 1984 until 1986, the league introduced more teams split into two conferences (1984 – Australian Conference, New South Wales/Australian Capital Territory clubs and National Conference, Victoria, South Australia, Queensland; 1985 and 1986 – Northern Conference, New South Wales/Australian Capital Territory clubs and Southern Conference for the rest) with 12 teams in each. The top five in each division would qualify for the playoffs, with the winner of each of the divisional playoffs playing off in a two-legged Grand Final. In 1987, the league dumped 11 teams, scrapped the split divisions, and the championship system reverted to first past the post.

In 1988 the league re-introduced a finals system, with the top five sides qualifying for the playoffs. In season 1992/93, the league increased the finalists to six. This system was used for the rest of the league's duration, except for season 2002/03 when the top six sides played a further series of home and away games against each other, with the top two playing off in the Grand Final.

The NSL also used a variety of point systems throughout its history. From 1977 until season 1991/92, teams were awarded two points for a win, one point for draw, and none for a loss. The exceptions to this were 1979, in which wins by four goals or more were awarded a bonus point, and 1983, in which three points were awarded for a win. From season 1992/93 onwards three points were awarded for a win, except for season 1994/95. In that season, four points were awarded for a win, with games ending in draws, being decided by penalty shootouts at the end of the game. The winner of the shootout received two points, the loser one point.

Former clubs

Team	Also known as	Years Participating	Current Status
Adelaide City	Adelaide Juventus Adelaide City Zebras Adelaide City Giants Adelaide (City) Force	1977-2002/03	South Australian Super League
Adelaide United		2003/04	A-League
A.P.I.A. Leichhardt	Leichhardt Strikers	1979-1991/1992	New South Wales Premier League as Sydney Tigers
Blacktown City		1980–1981 1984–1986 1989-1989/90	New South Wales Premier League
Brisbane City	Azzurri Brisbane City Gladiators	1977–1986	Brisbane Premier League
Brisbane Lions	Hollandia	1977–1986 1988	A-League as Brisbane Roar
Brisbane Strikers	Brisbane United	1991/92-2003/04	Queensland State League
Brunswick Juventus	Brunswick Pumas Melbourne BUSC Melbourne Zebras	1984–1988 1993/94-1994/95	Victorian Premier League as Whittlesea Zebras
Canberra City	Canberra City Arrows Canberra City Olympians	1977–1986	ACT Premier League
Canberra Cosmos		1995/96-2000/01	Defunct
Canterbury-Marrickville	Canterbury-Marrickville Olympic	1986	New South Wales Premier League as West Sydney Berries
Carlton S.C.		1997/98-2000/01	Defunct
Collingwood Warriors		1996/1997	Defunct
Football Kingz	Auckland Kingz	1999/01-2003/04	Defunct; A-League 2005–07 as New Zealand Knights
Footscray JUST	Footscray Eagles Melbourne City JUST	1977–1989	Defunct
Green Gully	Green Gully Ajax	1984–1986	Victorian Premier League
Heidelberg United	Fitzroy United Heidelberg Alexander	1977–1987, 1989, 1990/91-1994/95	Victorian Premier League
Inter Monaro		1985–1986	Defunct
Marconi Stallions	Marconi Fairfield Marconi-Datsun Leopards	1977-2003/04	New South Wales Premier League
Melbourne Knights	Essendon Lions Melbourne Croatia Melbourne CSC	1984-2003/04	Victorian Premier League
Mooroolbark	Mooroolbark United	1977	Victorian Provisional League One South-East
Morwell Falcons	Gippsland Falcons Eastern Pride	1992–2001	Defunct
Newcastle Breakers	Newcastle BHP Breakers	1991/92-1999/00	Defunct
Newcastle KB United	Newcastle United Newcastle KB Raiders	1978–1984	Defunct
Newcastle Rosebud United	Adamstown Rosebuds	1984–1986	NBN State Football League as Adamstown Rosebuds
Newcastle United Jets	Newcastle United	2000/01-2003/04	A-League
Northern Spirit		1998/99-2003/04	Defunct
Parramatta Eagles FC	Melita	1984, 1989/90-1994/95	New South Wales Winter Super League
Parramatta Power FC		1999/00-2003/04	Defunct
Penrith City		1984–1985	Defunct
Perth Glory		1996/97-2003/04	A-League
Preston Lions	Preston Rams Preston Makedonia	1981-1992/93	Victorian State League Division 1
South Melbourne	South Melbourne Hellas South Melbourne Gunners South Melbourne Lakers	1977-2003/04	Victorian Premier League
St George Saints	St George Budapest	1977–1980, 1982-1990/91	New South Wales Winter Super League
Sunshine George Cross		1984-1990/91	Victorian Premier League as Sunshine Georgies
Sydney City	Eastern Suburbs Hakoah Sydney City Slickers	1977–1987	NSW Conference League South
Sydney Olympic	Pan-Hellenic Sydney Olympians UTS Olympic Olympic Sharks	1977–1979 1981-2003/04	New South Wales Premier League
Sydney United	Sydney Croatia Sydney CSC Sydney United Pumas	1984-2003/04	New South Wales Premier League
West Adelaide	West Adelaide Hellas West Adelaide Hawks (West) Adelaide Sharks	1977–1986 1989/90 1991/92-1998/99	South Australian State League
Western Suburbs		1977–78	amalgamated in 1978 with APIA Leichhardt
Wollongong Macedonia	Wollongong United Illawarra Lions	1990/91	Illawarra Premier League
Wollongong Wolves	Wollongong City	1981–1986 1988-2003/04	New South Wales Premier League

Champions

Year	Champion	Runner up	Score	Venue	Crowd
1977[16]	Sydney City	Marconi Stallions	No Grand Final held
1978[17]	West Adelaide	Sydney City	No Grand Final held
1979[18]	Marconi Stallions	Heidelberg United	No Grand Final held
1980[19]	Sydney City	Heidelberg United	No Grand Final held
1981[20]	Sydney City	South Melbourne	No Grand Final held
1982[21]	Sydney City	St George	No Grand Final held
1983[22]	St George	Sydney City	No Grand Final held
1984[23]	South Melbourne	Sydney Olympic	4–2 agg. over two legs	Olympic Park St. George Stadium	10,000 11,221
1985[24]	Brunswick Juventus	Sydney City	2–0 agg. over two legs	St. George Stadium Olympic Park	2,491 7,560
1986[25]	Adelaide City	Sydney Olympic	3–2 agg. over two legs	Hindmarsh Stadium Parramatta Stadium	12,232 14,032
1987[26]	APIA Leichardt	Preston Lions	No Grand Final held
1988	Marconi Stallions	Sydney United	2–2 (5–4 on penalties)	Parramatta Stadium	17,064
1989	Marconi Stallions	Sydney Olympic	1–0	Parramatta Stadium	23,387
1989/1990	Sydney Olympic	Marconi Stallions	2–0	Parramatta Stadium	26,353
1990/1991	South Melbourne	Melbourne Knights	1–1 (5–4 on penalties)	Olympic Park	21,338
1991/1992	Adelaide City	Melbourne Knights	0–0 (4–2 on penalties)	Olympic Park	15,463
1992/1993	Marconi Stallions	Adelaide City	1–0	Parramatta Stadium	13,376
1993/1994	Adelaide City	Melbourne Knights	1–0	Olympic Park	13,790
1994/1995	Melbourne Knights	Adelaide City	2–0	Hindmarsh Stadium	15,573
1995/1996	Melbourne Knights	Marconi Stallions	2–1	Olympic Park	14,258
1996/1997	Brisbane Strikers	Sydney United	2–0	Lang Park	40,446
1997/1998	South Melbourne	Carlton S.C.	2–1	Olympic Park	16,000
1998/1999	South Melbourne	Sydney United	3–2	Olympic Park	15,194
1999/2000	Wollongong Wolves	Perth Glory	3–3 (7–6 on penalties)	Subiaco Oval	43,242
2000/2001	Wollongong Wolves	South Melbourne	2–1	Parramatta Stadium	13,402
2001/2002	Sydney Olympic	Perth Glory	1–0	Subiaco Oval	42,735
2002/2003	Perth Glory	Sydney Olympic	2–0	Subiaco Oval	38,111
2003/2004	Perth Glory	Parramatta Power	1–0	Parramatta Stadium	9,630

Performance by club

Club	Winners	Runners-up	Winning Years
Sydney City	4	3	1977, 1980, 1981, 1982
Marconi Stallions	4	3	1979, 1988, 1989, 1992–93
South Melbourne FC	4	2	1984, 1990–91, 1997–98, 1998–99
Adelaide City	3	2	1986, 1991–92, 1993–94
Sydney Olympic	2	4	1989–90, 2001–02
Melbourne Knights	2	3	1994–95, 1995–96
Perth Glory	2	2	2002–03, 2003–04
Wollongong Wolves	2	0	1999-00, 2000–01
St. George	1	1	1983
Brisbane Strikers	1	0	1996–97
APIA Leichhardt	1	0	1987
Brunswick Juventus	1	0	1985
West Adelaide	1	0	1978
Sydney United	0	3	1988, 1996–97, 1998–99
Heidelberg United	0	2	1979, 1980
Preston Lions	0	1	1987
Carlton SC	0	1	1997-98
Parramatta Power	0	1	2003-04

Competition timeline

See also

• Johnny Warren Medal
• Joe Marston Medal

References

1. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/NSL.shtml
2. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/museum/index.php/en/timeline/178-timeline-of-australian-football-1951-2009
3. ^ http://ozfootball.net/museum/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=178:timeline-of-australian-football-1951-2009&catid=44:timeline-of-australian-football&Itemid=75
4. ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kBgvIvI8lek
5. ^ http://www.scoretank.com.au/champ.cgi?champ=47
6. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/States/VIC/1961NightCup.html
7. ^ http://www.rsssf.com/tablesa/auscuphist.html
8. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/States/VIC/1972InterChampT.html
9. ^ Hay, 2006, The World Game Downunder, pp 199
10. ^ Hay, 2006, The World Game Downunder, pp 120
11. ^ Hay, 2006, The World Game Downunder, pp 121–122
12. ^ Heidelberg United SC – History
13. ^ ^{a b} Thompson, 2006, One Fantastic Goal, pp 263
14. ^ Thompson, 2006, One Fantastic Goal, pp 263–264
15. ^ http://sport.scotsman.com/sport/Rangers-buy-remaining-Northern-Spirit.2250559.jp
16. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/1977/NSLTable.html
17. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/1978/NSLTable.html
18. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/1979/NSLTable.html
19. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/1980/NSLTable.html
20. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/1981/NSLTable.html
21. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/1982/NSLTable.html
22. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/1983/NSLTable.html
23. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/1984/Playoff.html
24. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/1985/Playoff.html
25. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/1986/Playoff.html
26. ^ http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/1987/NSLTable.html

External links

• OzFootball NSL section
• RSSSF List of Australian Final Tables