- List of oldest buildings in Canada
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This is a list of the oldest surviving buildings a structures in each province of Canada.
Contents
Alberta
First Nations peoples in Alberta were generally nomadic and did not create permanent structures, however they did often occupy the same site annually for many generations, and created permaneny markers in the form of tipi rings and medicine wheels.
The first Europeans to build in Alberta were the fur traders of the North West Company who constructed the first trading posts in Alberta at Fort Chipewyan and Fort Vermilion in 1788. The oldest building in Alberta still on its original foundations is the clerk's quarters at Fort Victoria, which dates from 1865.[1] Few buildings from the fur trade era remain. Most buildings considered "historic" in Alberta are from the post-railway era (e.g. after 1885 in Calgary, after 1891 in Edmonton, etc.)
Building or Complex Location Constructor Year built Notes Rocky Mountain House Rocky Mountain House Hudson's Bay Company 1799[citation needed] Fort Augustus, Mark IV Edmonton NWC 1813[citation needed] Merged with Fort Edmonton, 1821. Fort Assiniboine Fort Assiniboine Hudson's Bay Company 1824[citation needed] Lac Ste. Anne Mission Lac Ste. Anne Jean-Baptiste Thibault 1842[citation needed] Rundle's Mission Pigeon Lake Robert Rundle 1847[citation needed] Lac La Biche Mission Lac La Biche Oblates of Mary Immaculate 1853[citation needed] British Columbia
Further information: List of heritage buildings in VancouverBuilding Height
[m]Floors Built City Architect Fort Langley storehouse [2] 1 1840s [3] Fort Langley Fort Kamloops log cabin 1840s Kamloops St. Ann’s schoolhouse 1844 Victoria Tod House 1851 Oak Bay Helmcken House 1852 Victoria Craigflower Manor [4] 2 1853 Victoria Hudson's Bay Company The Bastion 3 1853-55 Nanaimo Hudson's Bay Company St. John the Divine Church 1859 Built at Derby, relocated to Maple Ridge [5] [6] Father Pandosy Mission [7] 1859 Kelowna Dodd House 1859 Saanich Fisgard Lighthouse 1860 Victoria Race Rocks Lighthouse 1860 Great Race Rock, a small island in the Strait of Juan de Fuca about 15 km southwest of Victoria Manitoba
Building Height
[m]Floors Built City Architect Prince of Wales Fort 1731-41 near Churchill Royal Engineers Le Musée de Saint-Boniface Museum [8] 3 1846-51 Winnipeg Holy Trinity Anglican Church [9] 1 1884 Winnipeg Charles Wheeler Saint-Léon Roman Catholic Church 2 1894 Saint-Léon[disambiguation needed 
]Vendome Hotel 4 1898 Winnipeg Henry S. Griffiths Eaton's Department Store* 46 9 1904 Winnipeg John Woodman Royal Tower 48 10 1904 Winnipeg Frank Darling & John A. Pearson 228 Notre Dame 44 11 1911 Winnipeg Confederation Building 46 12 1911 Winnipeg J. Wilson Gray National Bank Building 50 13 1911 Winnipeg John D. Atchison Electric Railway Chambers 45 12 1912 Winnipeg Pratt, Ross/Frost Hotel Fort Garry 59 14 1913 Winnipeg Ross and MacFarlane Marlbourgh Hotel 42 10 1913 Winnipeg J. Chisholm & Son Paris Building 42 11 1915 Winnipeg Woodman & Carey Bank of Hamilton Building 45 10 1916 Winnipeg John D. Atchison New Brunswick
Building Height Floors Built City Architect Reverend Samuel Andrews House 1½ 1790 Ministers Island Steeves House Museum[10] 2 1812 Hillsborough, New Brunswick Carleton Martello Tower 1815 Saint John, New Brunswick Loyalist House 2 1817 Saint John Built by David Daniel Merrit St. John's Anglican (Stone) Church 1825 Saint John Christ Church Cathedral 60 1853 Fredericton Frank Wills Fredericton City Hall 47 4 1876 Fredericton New Brunswick Legislature 41 4 1882 Fredericton Newfoundland and Labrador
Building Height
[m]Floors Built City Architect Anderson House ? 1805 St. John's James Anderson Government House ? 1831 St. John's Hebron Moravian Mission ? 1830s Hebron Alexander House ? 1835 Bonavista Cathedral of St. John the Baptist 24 1847 St. John's George Gilbert Scott Bank of British North America Building ? 1849 St. John's William Howe Greene Colonial Building ? 1850 St. John's James Purcell Church of St. James the Apostle ? 1852 Battle Harbour William Grey Basilica of St. John The Baptist 48 1855 St. John's J.P. Jones Point Amour lighthouse 32 1854-57 Point Amour Charles François Xavier Baby Saint Bonaventure's College ? 1858 St. John's Northwest Territories
Building Height
[m]Floors Built City Architect The Wildcat Cafe ? 1 1937 Yellowknife ? Nova Scotia
Building Built City Architect Image Notes deGannes-Cosby House 1708[11] Annapolis Royal N/A Rebuilt following a fire in 1707. Original structure dated to 1693. Adams-Ritchie House 1712[11] Annapolis Royal N/A St. Paul's Church 1750 Halifax 
Sinclair Inn 1781[11] Annapolis Royal N/A Halifax Town Clock 1803 Halifax 
St. Mary’s Basilica 1829 Halifax 
Province House 1819 Halifax 
Ontario
Building Height
[m]Floors Built City Architect Mohawk Chapel 1785 Brantford Hawley House 1785 Bath Fairfield House 1793 Amherstview Fort York 1793 Toronto Duff Baby House 2 1798 Windsor Rochleau House 3 1808 Kingston François Baby House 2 1812 Windsor Joseph Schneider Haus 2 1816 Kitchener The Grange 3 1817 Toronto D'Arcy Boulton Jr John Moore House 2 1824 Sparta, Ontario Stone House currently the Bytown Museum 3 1827 Ottawa Thomas McKay Fort Henry 1832 Kingston Royal Engineers Rideau Hall 3 1838 Ottawa Thomas McKay Bellevue House 3 1840 Kingston Charles Hales Mackenzie Hall 1856 Windsor Canadian Parliament 92 13 1865 Ottawa John A. Pearson & Marchand Pepper Hill 1870 Carlisle Unknown St. James Cathedral 93 1874 Toronto Frederick Cumberland and Thomas Ridout Mackenzie Building Royal Military College of Canada 1878 Kingston Robert Gage Ontario Legislature 55 5 1893 Toronto Old City Hall 104 5 1899 Toronto E. J. Lennox King Edward Hotel 72 * 18 1903 Toronto E. J. Lennox Canadian Pacific Building 60 * 15 1911 Toronto Frank Darling & John A. Pearson Canadian Museum of Nature 50 4 1912 Ottawa Chateau Laurier 57 11 1912 Ottawa Ros Currie Building Royal Military College of Canada 1922 Kingston National Building*[12] (demolished Dec. 11, 2006; facades to be re-erected as part of future Bay Adelaide Centre) 48 * 12 1926 Toronto Chapman and Oxley Queen's Quay Terminal 43 13 1926 Toronto Moores & Dunford Pigott Building 64 18 1929 Hamilton Prack & Prack Royal York Hotel 124 28 1929 Toronto Ross and MacFarlane Tip Top Lofts 48 11 1929 Toronto Old Toronto Star Building* 88 * 22 1929 Toronto Chapman and Oxley Canada Permanent Trust Building 77 18 1930 Toronto FHilton Wilkes Commerce Court North Building 145 34 1930 Toronto John A. Pearson Private Patients Pavilion (Bell Wing)* Toronto General Hospital 40 * 10 1930 Toronto Frank Darling & John A. Pearson Victory Building 80 * 20 1930 Toronto Baldwin & Greene Canada Life Building 87 15 1931 Toronto Henry Sproatt & Ernest Rolph Maple Leaf Gardens 50 1931 Toronto Ross and MacFarlane Christ the King Cathedral 52 1933 Hamilton Hutton & Souter Whitney Block 64 * 16 1933 Toronto John M. Lyle, Matthers & Halderly Princess Margaret Hospital 72 * 18 1935 Toronto Supreme Court of Canada 47 4 1939 Ottawa Quebec
The native inhabitants in Quebec were generally nomadic and did not create any permanent structures. The first Europeans were settlers from France, who founded Quebec City in 1608 and erected there the first foundations such as the Habitation made of wood and set up by Samuel de Champlain. Despite the founding of other significant settlements in New France in the 17th century, notably Trois-Rivières in 1634 and Montreal in 1642, there are only a few 17th century buildings that still survive outside the Capitale-Nationale region. Therefore, the oldest buildings that still remain standing in Quebec are found heavily in and around Quebec City. All such buildings date from the French regime and are protected as historical monuments under the law enforced by the Ministry of Culture and Communication of Quebec.[13]
Building Built City Maison des Jésuites-de-Sillery 1637 Sillery, Quebec City Maison Puiseaux 1637 Quebec City Maison de madame de La Peltrie 1644 Quebec City Basilique-cathédrale de Notre-Dame-de-Québec 1647 Quebec City Maison Delisle 1648 Deschambault-Grondines Maison du Duc-de-Kent 1648 Quebec City Maison Bouchard 1660 L'Isle-aux-Coudres Maison LeBer-LeMoyne 1698 Montreal (Lachine) Manoir de Niverville 1668 Trois-Rivières Maison Marcoux 1670 Quebec City Chapelle Notre-Dame-des-Anges 1671 Notre-Dame-des-Anges Maison-Laberge 1674 L'Ange-Gardien[disambiguation needed ]Moulin à vent de Grondines 1674 Deschambault-Grondines Maison François-Jacquet-dit-Langevin 1675 Quebec City Séminaire de Québec 1675 Quebec City La Poudrière 1676 Desbiens Manoir de Charleville 1677 Boischatel Maison Amiot 1679 Quebec City Sacristie de l'Hôpital-Général-de-Québec 1679 Notre-Dame-des-Anges Bâtiment des Récollets de l'Hôpital-Général-de-Québec 1680 Notre-Dame-des-Anges Maison L'Âtre 1680 Saint-Famille Maison Rageot 1682 Quebec City Maison Chavigny-Gosselin 1683 Quebec City Maison Louis-Fornel 1683 Quebec City Maison Louis-Jolliet 1683 Quebec City Maison Frérot 1683 Quebec City Maison Maheu-Couillard 1683 Quebec City Maison Hazeur 1684 Quebec City Maison Delage 1684 Quebec City Tours du fort des Messieurs de Saint-Sulpice 1684 Montreal Vieux-Séminaire de Saint-Sulpice 1684 Montreal Maison Saint-Gabriel 1698 Montreal Saskatchewan
Building Height [m] Floors Built City Architect Image Cumberland House [14] 1774 Cumberland House Samuel Hearne Holy Trinity Anglican Church 1854 Stanley Mission The Rev. Robert Hunt 
Mission of St. Antoine de Padoue[15] ? 1 1884 Batoche Oblates of Mary Immaculate
Ludger GareauMarr Residence ? 2 1885 Saskatoon 
All Saints Anglican Church 1887 Katepwa Beach Almighty Voice Jailhouse 1880 Duck Lake [16] Territorial Administration Building ? 2 1891 Regina Thomas Fuller Jean Caron Sr. Farm Home[17] 1895 Batoche Jean Caron Sr. [18] All Saints Anglican Church 1 1896 Duck Lake Hudson's Bay Company Store 1897 Fort Qu'Appelle 
Motherwell Homestead 1897 Abernethy William Richard Motherwell [19] Addison Sod House 1909-11 Kindersley James Addison Saskatchewan Legislative Building 53 3 1912 Regina Edward and William Sutherland Maxwell 
Hotel Saskatchewan 53 12 1927 Regina Ross and Macdonald 
Hotel Senator ? ? 1908 Saskatoon Walter William LaChance 
Hotel Bessborough 70.7 14 1931 Saskatoon Archibald and Schofield 
See also
- Architecture of Canada
- List of heritage buildings in Vancouver
- List of oldest buildings and structures in Toronto
- Gothic Revival architecture in Canada
References
- ^ Real Estate Weekly
- ^ Canada.com Access date: 2009-10-17
- ^ Canada.com A Top 40 list of B.C.’s oldest buildings Access Date: 2009-10-17
- ^ BritishColumbia.com Historic Craigflower Manor Access date: 2009-10-17
- ^ St John the Divine Anglican Church http://stainedglasscanada.ca/site.php?site=247
- ^ St John the Divine, Medical and British Columbia History http://stainedglasscanada.ca/site.php?site=246
- ^ Okanagan Historical Society Access date: 2009-10-17
- ^ St. Boniface Museum
- ^ [1]
- ^ http://www.steeveshousemuseum.ca/
- ^ a b c "Welcome to the Town of Annapolis Royal > Heritage Buildings". http://www.annapolisroyal.com/heritagebuildings.php.
- ^ National Building (Toronto) heritage designation (PDF)
- ^ [2]
- ^ Cumberland House (historical site, Canada)—Britannica Online ... Access date 2009-06-30
- ^ Parks Canada Batoche National Historic Site Access date 2009-06-30
- ^ Historic Places Canada Access Date June 30, 2009
- ^ [Parks Canada - Education Program, 2009 Parks Canada Batoche National Historic Site] Access date 2009-06-30
- ^ Jean Caron Farm house Saskatoon Gen Web Image Access date 2009-06-30
- ^ Virtual Saskatchewan Motherwell Homestead 2009-06-30
- "Architecture in Canada" The Canadian Encyclopedia
- Kalman, Harold D. A History of Canadian Architecture. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1994.
- Canada by Design: Parliament Hill, Ottawa at Library and Archives Canada
- Baker, Marilyn, Manitoba's Third Legislative Building: Symbol in Stone:The Art and Politics of a Public Building, Hyperion Press, Winnipeg, Manitoba 1986
- Cameron, Stanley, Stones of History: Canada's Houses of Parliament, Film Board of Canada
- Denby & Kilbourn, Toronto Observed: Its Architecture, Patrons, and History,Oxford University Press, Toronto 1986
- Edwards, Gregory, Hidden Cities: Art & Design in Architectural Details of Vancouver & Victoria, Talonbooks, Vancouver, BC 1991.
- Emporis.com
- Kalman, Phillips and Ward, Exploring Vancouver: The Essential Architectural Guide, UBC Press, Vancouver 1993
- Kvaran, Einar Einarsson, Architectural Sculpture in America, unpublished manuscript
- Maitland, Hucker & Ricketts, A Guide to Canadian Architectural Styles, broadview press, Peterborough, ON 1992
- McHugh, Patricia, Toronto Architecture: A City Guide, McClelland & Stewart Inc., Toronto 1989
- McMullen, Barbara, Ottawa's Terra Cotta Architecture: Two Walking Tours, Heritage Ottawa, Ottawa, 2003
- skyscraperpage.com
- Taggart, Jim, The Architecture of Downtown Victoria, Blue Steps - Pacific Walking Tour Guides, Vancouver, BC 2000
- The Notman Archives.
External links
- Biographical Dictionary of Architects in Canada, – biographies of Canadian architects and lists of their buildings from 1800 to 1950.
Categories:- Lists of oldest buildings and structures in Canada
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