Regina, Saskatchewan

Regina, Saskatchewan

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Regina
nickname = The Queen City
motto = "Floreat Regina"
("Let Regina Flourish")



imagesize =
image_caption =



image_




mapsize = 150px
map_caption = Location of Regina in the SE quadrant of Saskatchewan
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_type1 = Province
subdivision_type2 = District
subdivision_name = Canada
subdivision_name1 = Saskatchewan
subdivision_name2 = Municipality of Sherwood
leader_title = City Mayor
leader_title1 = Governing body
leader_title2 = MPs
leader_title3 = MLAs
leader_name = Pat Fiacco
leader_name1 = Regina City Council
leader_name2 = Dave Batters
Ralph Goodale
Tom Lukiwski
Andrew Scheer
leader_name3 = Ron Harper
Bill Hutchinson
Warren McCall
Sandra Morin
John Nilson
Laura Ross
Christine Tell
Kim Trew
Harry Van Mulligen
Trent Wotherspoon
Kevin Yates
established_title = Established
established_date = 1882
area_magnitude =
area_total_km2 = 118.87
area_total_sq_mi = 45.9
area_land_km2 =
area_land_sq_mi =
area_water_km2 =
area_water_sq_mi =
area_water_percent =
area_urban_km2 =
area_urban_sq_mi =
area_metro_km2 = 3408.26
area_metro_sq_mi = 1315.94
population_as_of = 2006
population_note =
population_total = 194,971 (Ranked 24th)
population_metro = 201,000
population_density_metro_km2 = 57.2
population_density_metro_sq_mi = 148.15
population_urban =
population_density_km2 = 1507.9
population_density_sq_mi = 3905.4
timezone = Central (CST)
utc_offset = -6
timezone_DST =
utc_offset_DST =
latd=50 |latm=26 |lats=10 |latNS=N
longd=104 |longm=37 |longs=05 |longEW=W
elevation_m = 577
elevation_ft = 1893
blank_name = NTS Map
blank_info = 072I07
blank1_name = GNBC Code
blank1_info = HAIMP
website = http://www.regina.ca/
footnotes =

Regina (IPAEng|rɨˈdʒaɪnə) is the capital of Saskatchewan, Canada. The city is the second largest in the province (after Saskatoon), and is a cultural and commercial metropole for both southern Saskatchewan and adjacent areas in the neighbouring American states of North Dakota and Montana. It attracts visitors for the vitality of its commerce, theatre, concerts and restaurants and to its summer agricultural exhibition (originally established in 1884 as the Assiniboia Agricultural Association and since the mid-1960s styled "Buffalo Days" [ [http://www.ipscoplace.com/association.aspx?p=history Ipsco Place website, "History."] Retrieved 11 December 2006.] ). It is governed by Regina City Council. Regina is the cathedral city of the Roman Catholic [ [http://www.archregina.sk.ca/ Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Regina website.] Retrieved 11 December 2007] and Romanian Orthodox [ [http://www.ecumenism.net/denom/saskatchewan.htm Directory of Saskatchewan Churches] Retrieved 11 December 2007.] Dioceses of Regina and the Anglican Diocese of Qu'Appelle. [ [http://diocse.sasktelwebsite.net/ Anglican Diocese of Qu'Appelle website.] Retrieved 11 December 2007.] Citizens of Regina are referred to as "Reginans".

Regina was previously the headquarters of the North-West Territories, of which today's provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta originally formed part. Regina was the headquarters of the District of Assiniboia. Regina was named in 1882 after Queen Victoria, i.e. "Victoria Regina", by her daughter Princess Louise, wife of the then-Governor General the Marquess of Lorne. [ [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/regina.html Daria Coneghan, "Regina," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan.] Retrieved 11 December 2007.]

Unlike other planned cities in the Canadian West, on its treeless flat plain Regina was a "tabula rasa", without topographical features other than the small spring run-off Wascana Creek. Early planners took advantage of such opportunity by damming the creek to create a decorative lake to the south of the central business district and constructing the elaborate 850-foot long Albert Street Bridge across the new lake. Regina's importance was further secured when the new province of Saskatchewan designated the city its capital in 1906. [ [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/regina.html Coneghan] . Retrieved 11 December 2007.] Wascana Centre, created around the artificial focal point of Wascana Lake, remains Regina's signal attraction and contains the Provincial Legislative Building, both campuses of the University of Regina, the provincial museum of natural history, the Regina Conservatory (in the original Regina College buildings), the Saskatchewan Science Centre, [ [http://www.sasksciencecentre.com/ Saskatchewan Science Centre website] ] the Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery and the Saskatchewan Centre of the Arts.

Residential neighbourhoods in Regina are largely indistinguishable from those in other western Canadian cities but several precincts beyond the historic city centre are historically or socially noteworthy. Immediately to the north of the central business district is the old warehouse district, increasingly the focus of shopping and residential development; [ [http://www.oldwarehousedistrict.com/ Regina's Old Warehouse District.] Retrieved 11 December 2007.] as in other western cities of North America, the periphery contains shopping malls and big box stores. Generally a prosperous and tranquil city, its long-problematic north-central sector and the difficult Scott Collegiate have in recent years become the focus of national attention for their poverty, drug abuse and prostitution. [cite news
last = Gatehouse
first = Jonathon
title = Canada's worst neighbourhood
work = Maclean's
date= 2007-01-08
url = http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/08012007/21/canada-s-worst-neighbourhood.html
accessdate = 2007-01-31
] Regina is notable for its aboriginal and Métis population, the seventh largest in any Canadian urban centre [According to the 2001 Canadian Census "Regina had an Aboriginal-identity population of 15,685 (8.3% of the total city population), of which 9,200 were First Nations, 5,990 Métis, and 495 other Aboriginal": [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/urban_aboriginal_population.html Alan Anderson, "Urban Aboriginal Population," "The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan".] Retrieved 11 December 2007.] (Regina is Canada's 18th-largest metropolitan area by population [See List of the 100 largest metropolitan areas in Canada.] ), the original North-West Territories Government House and the original North-West Territorial government buildings. In 1912, Regina was a focus of international attention when the Regina Cyclone destroyed much of the town; [ [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/regina_cyclone.html Dagmar Skamlová, "Regina Cyclone," "Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan".] Retrieved 11 December 2007.] in the 1930s, the Regina Riot brought further attention and, in the midst of the 1930s drought and Great Depression, which hit the Canadian Prairies particularly hard with their economic focus on dryland grain farming, [ [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/agronomy.html Steven J. Shirtliffe, "Agronomy," "Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan".] Retrieved 11 December 2007.] the CCF (now the NDP, an important left-wing political party in all provinces west of Quebec), formulated its foundation Regina Manifesto in Regina. [ [http://www.socialisthistory.ca/Docs/CCF/ReginaManifesto.htm "The Regina Manifesto (1933)] Co-operative Commonwealth Federation Programme, Adopted by the founding convention in Regina, Saskatchewan, July, 1933." "Socialist History Project". South Branch Publishing. Retrieved 11 December 2007.] In recent years, Saskatchewan's agricultural and mineral resources have come into new demand, and it is anticipated that it will enter into new period of strong economic growth. [ [http://www.rbc.com/newsroom/pdf/20070330economic-sk.pdf "Saskatchewan Poised for Strong Economic Growth Says RBC Economics," Royal Bank of Canada Financial Group, 30 March 2007.] Retrieved 11 December 2007.]

History

Lieutenant-Governor Edgar Dewdney had acquired land adjacent to the route of the future CPR line at Pile-of-Bones, which was distinguished only by collections of bison bones near a small spring run-off creek, some few kilometres downstream from its origin in the midst of what are now wheat fields. There was an "obvious conflict of interest" in Dewdney's promoting the site of Pile-of-Bones as the territorial headquarters [After his term as Lieutenant-Governor of the North-West Territories, Dewdney was again elected to Parliament and served as the member for Assiniboia East (now southeastern Saskatchewan) from 1888 to 1891. During this period he also served as minister of the Interior and superintendent of Indian Affairs. In 1892 he was appointed to the now non-executive post of Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia. He served in this post until 1897. He retired from politics in 1900 after unsuccessfully running for Parliament in New Westminster, British Columbia.] and it was a national scandal at the time, [Pierre Berton, "The Last Spike: The Great Railway 1881-1885" (Toronto: McLelland and Stewart, 1973), 120)] but until 1897, when responsible government was accomplished in the Territories, [ [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0005805 David J. Hall, "North-West Territories," "The Canadian Encyclopedia".] Retrieved 19 November 2007.] the lieutenant-governor and council governed by fiat and there was little legitimate means of challenging such decisions outside the federal capital of Ottawa, where the Territories were remote and of little concern. Commercial considerations prevailed, however, and the town's authentic development began as a collection of wooden shanties and tent shacks clustered aroundthe site designated by the CPR for its future station, and not two miles to the east where Dewdney had reserved substantial landholdings for himself and where he sited the Territorial (now the Saskatchewan) Government House. [Berton, op. cit., pp.121-23)]

, was tried and hanged in Regina — giving the infant community increased and not unwelcome national attention in connection with a figure who was generally at the time considered an unalloyed villain in anglophone Canada. [Maggie Siggins, "Riel: A Life of Revolution" (Toronto: HarperCollins, 1994), 447.]

hit the community, levelling much of the young city's business district, killing 28 people and injuring hundreds, making it Canada's deadliest tornado.

Regina's early history is remembered for its rapid growth which continued until the Great Depression began in 1929, at which point Saskatchewan had been the third province of Canada [ [http://www.enterstageright.com/archive/articles/0501cfen.htm Kevin Avram, "A tale of two provinces," "Farmers for economic freedom: Updates from the Prairie Centre/Centre for Prairie Agriculture in Regina, Saskatchewan." 21 May 2001.] Retrieved 11 December 2007.] in both population and economic indicators. Thereafter, Saskatchewan never recovered its early promise and Regina's growth slowed and at times reversed – Regina returned to perhaps not so welcome national prominence during the Regina Riot, an incident of the On-to-Ottawa Trek in 1935 – although a recent resources boom promises to rekindle development. [ [http://www.cbc.ca/national/blog/special_features/saskaboom.html "Saskaboom," CBC Television, broadcast 24 June 2008; retrieved 9 September 2008.] From the 1930s onward, Regina became a centre of considerable political activism and experiment as its people sought to adjust to new, reduced economic realities.

and downtown restaurants now draw people downtown although mooted development of large retail commercial and residential subdivisions in the southwest near the airport will inevitably further compromise efforts to revitalize the central business district. Former business premises along Scarth Street and elsewhere in the central business district have been converted to tony condominium residences, and on the much-touted model of Toronto requiring that downtown redevelopment and new construction include provision for middle class residential accommodation this could point the way to a revitalisation of downtown Regina, though street violence spilling over from the adjacent North Central precinct continues to compromise such efforts.

Many buildings of significance and value were lost during the period from 1945 through approximately 1970: Knox United Church was demolished in 1951; the Romanesque Revival city hall in 1964 (the failed shopping mall which replaced it is now office space for the Government of Canada [ [http://www.pwgsc.gc.ca/db/text/archives/2002/fall2002/article006-e.html Public Works and Government Services Canada, "Revitalizing Downtown Regina" (Fall 2002).] ] ) and the 1894 Supreme Court of the North-West Territories building at Hamilton Street and Victoria Avenue in 1965. More recently old buildings have been put to new uses, including the old Normal School on the Regina College campus of the University of Regina (now the Canada-Saskatchewan Soundstage) and the Old Post Office on the Scarth Street Mall. The Warehouse District, immediately adjacent to the central business district to the north of the CPR line, has become a desirable commercial and residential precinct as historic warehouses have been converted to retail and residential use. [ [http://www.oldwarehousedistrict.com/html/history.html Regina's Old Warehouse District: History] Retrieved 11 July 2007.] has been converted to tony townhouses.

Events of national political importance which occurred in Regina include
*the trial of Louis Riel (followed by Riel's execution) in July 1885;
*the adoption in 1933 by the new CCF (now the NDP) of the Regina Manifesto, which set out the new party's goals [ [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0001902 J.T. Morley, "Co-operative Commonwealth Federation," "The Canadian Encyclopedia".] Retrieved 18 November 2007.] ;
*the Regina Riot on 1 July 1935 [ [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0005926 Victor Howard, "On to Ottawa Trek, "The Canadian Encyclopedia".] Retrieved 18 November 2007.] ;
*the 1944 election of the CCF under T.C. Douglas, the first social democratic government in North America [ [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1SEC882033 "Saskatchewan," The Canadian Encyclopedia.] Retrieved 18 December 2007.] and a pioneer of numerous social programs – notably of course Medicare [ [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/political_history_of_saskatchewan.html Dan de Vlieger, "Political History of Saskatchewan," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan.] Retrieved 18 December 2007.] – which were later adopted in other provinces and nationally; and
*the Saskatchewan Doctors' Strike in 1962 when medical doctors withheld their services in response to the introduction of Medicare with the enactment of the "Medical Care Insurance Act", 1961 (Sask.) [ [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0007155 Jean Larmour, "Saskatchewan Doctors' Strike," "The Canadian Encyclopedia".] Retrieved 18 November 2007.]

Geography and climate

. [ [http://www.climate.weatheroffice.ec.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_e.html?Province=ALL&StationName=Regina&SearchType=BeginsWith&LocateBy=Province&Proximity=25&ProximityFrom=City&StationNumber=&IDType=MSC&CityName=&NormalsClass=A&SelNormals=&StnId=3002& Environment Canada Canadian Climate Normals: Regina, Saskatchewan.] Retrieved 17 July 2007.]

Topography

s were planted in front yards in residential neighbourhoods and on boulevards along major traffic arteries and are the dominant species in the urban forest.

The streetscape is now endangered by Dutch elm disease, which has spread through North America from the eastern seaboard and has now reached the Canadian prairies; for the time being it is controlled by intense pest management programs and species not susceptible to the disease are being planted; the disease has the potential to wipe out Regina's entire elm population. [ [http://www.cbc.ca/canada/saskatchewan/story/2007/07/17/trees-regina.html?ref=rss CBC "Saskatchewan Story" article on Regina's trees] ] [ [http://www.regina.ca/trees/ded.htm Dutch Elm Disease Control Program.]

As the city's growth has increased at a greater pace, city planners have sought to apply more imaginative principles both to making new residential subdivisions more amiable and increasing the pleasantness of existing ones, providing for landscaped lagoons instead of mere storm ravines, and turning old primary school playing fields into contoured parks.

Temperatures

Infobox Weather
metric_first= yes
single_line= yes
location =Regina, SK
Jan_REC_Hi_°C =8
Feb_REC_Hi_°C =12.5
Mar_REC_Hi_°C =21.1
Apr_REC_Hi_°C =32.8
May_REC_Hi_°C =38
Jun_REC_Hi_°C =41
Jul_REC_Hi_°C =43.9
Aug_REC_Hi_°C =41.1
Sep_REC_Hi_°C =36.7
Oct_REC_Hi_°C =32
Nov_REC_Hi_°C =23.3
Dec_REC_Hi_°C =15
Jan_Hi_°C =-10.1
Feb_Hi_°C =-7.2
Mar_Hi_°C =0.2
Apr_Hi_°C =11
May_Hi_°C =19.1
Jun_Hi_°C =23.6
Jul_Hi_°C =25.8
Aug_Hi_°C =25.1
Sep_Hi_°C =18.2
Oct_Hi_°C =11.4
Nov_Hi_°C =-0.5
Dec_Hi_°C =-8.2
Year_Hi_°C=9
Jan_Lo_°C =-22.3
Feb_Lo_°C =-18.9
Mar_Lo_°C =-11.5
Apr_Lo_°C =-2.8
May_Lo_°C =4
Jun_Lo_°C =9
Jul_Lo_°C =11.1
Aug_Lo_°C =9.7
Sep_Lo_°C =3.6
Oct_Lo_°C =-3.3
Nov_Lo_°C =-11.6
Dec_Lo_°C =-19.9
Year_Lo_°C =-4.4
Jan_REC_Lo_°C =-47.2
Feb_REC_Lo_°C =-47.2
Mar_REC_Lo_°C =-45
Apr_REC_Lo_°C =-28.3
May_REC_Lo_°C =-12.8
Jun_REC_Lo_°C =-5.5
Jul_REC_Lo_°C =-2.8
Aug_REC_Lo_°C =-3
Sep_REC_Lo_°C =-15
Oct_REC_Lo_°C =-23
Nov_REC_Lo_°C =-39
Dec_REC_Lo_°C =-42.5
Jan_Precip_mm =15.1
Feb_Precip_mm =11.6
Mar_Precip_mm =19.3
Apr_Precip_mm =22.9
May_Precip_mm =54.6
Jun_Precip_mm =64.9
Jul_Precip_mm =67.6
Aug_Precip_mm =38.2
Sep_Precip_mm =33.8
Oct_Precip_mm =19.2
Nov_Precip_mm =12.4
Dec_Precip_mm =18.6
Year_Precip_mm =378.1
source = climate.weatheroffice.ec.gc.ca [cite web | title = Environment Canada | url = http://www.climate.weatheroffice.ec.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_e.html?Province=ALL&StationName=Regina&SearchType=BeginsWith&LocateBy=Province&Proximity=25&ProximityFrom=City&StationNumber=&IDType=MSC&CityName=&ParkName=&LatitudeDegrees=&LatitudeMinutes=&LongitudeDegrees=&LongitudeMinutes=&NormalsClass=A&SelNormals=&StnId=3004& | accessdate = 2008-07-16]

Demographics

Canada_CP_2006|pop=179,246|popDelta=+0.6%
landArea=118.87|popDensity=1507.9|popRank=24|medianAge=35.8|medianAgeM=34.4|medianAgeF=36.9|privateDwellusual= 74,803|privateDwell=78,692|medianHHIncome=57,500
[http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/demo05a.htm Population of census metropolitan areas (2001 Census boundaries)] , Statistics Canada. 2006. Released 4 April 2006. Last modified: 2006-06-12]

The Canada 2006 Census indicates Regina's ethnic configuration to be, in order of size: (1) German, (2) English, (3) Scottish, (4) Irish, (5) Ukrainian, (6) French, (7) Aboriginal, (8) Polish and (9) Norwegian, with a significant Asian and South Asian component as well, although actually the third largest constituency was, by numbers of respondents, undifferentiated "Canadian," indicating perhaps mixed ethnic background (though other explanations of this identification present themselves) and confirming the perception that Reginans in large number, like other western Canadians, do not particularly distinguish among themselves as to ethnicity.

" refers to persons of Indian extraction rather than properly so-called East Indians and excludes Pakistanis, Bangladeshis, Sri Lankans and other South Asians.

The 2006 Census indicates that religious affiliation is of reduced significance among Reginans, with fully 19.0% of Reginans identifying as having no religion; Protestant at 41.5%; Roman Catholic, 32.3%; Eastern Orthodox, 1.8%; other Christian (including Oriental Orthodox [An Ethiopian restaurant on Broad Street attests to the Oriental Orthodox presence in Regina; Syrian and Armenian business people and Indian medical doctors would account for other Oriental Orthodox Christians in Regina.] and, possibly, Mormon and Jehovah's Witness), 2.9% and other religion (including Muslim, Hindu, Buddhist and Jewish), 2.5%. [Ibid.]

A more useful demonstration of religious realities could be to set out the decline in numbers of Christian parishes in recent years, especially among the historically predominant Protestant denominations of the United Church of Canada, Anglican Church of Canada and Presbyterian Church in Canada, as amply demonstrated by historic Saturday church advertisements in the "Leader-Post", although with the construction of Resurrection Parish in East Regina, the Roman Catholic Church perhaps continues to hold its own in the city. The Muslim community has constructed a discreetly elegant mosque; the Mormons have built a temple in the University Park subdivision to the north of Wascana Creek which has become a landmark for its beauty.

Crime

"Maclean's" magazine named Regina "Canada's most dangerous city" in 2008 edition. [cite news | last = Treble | first = Patricia | title = Crunching the crime numbers | publisher = Maclean's | date = 2008-03-12 | url = http://www.macleans.ca/article.jsp?content=20080312_162114_5536 | accessdate = 2008-03-25] [cite news | last = MacQueen | first = Ken | coauthors = Patricia Treble | title = The worst and best of Canada | publisher = Maclean's | date = 2008-03-12 | url = http://www.macleans.ca/canada/national/article.jsp?content=20080312_110944_110944 | accessdate = 2008-03-25] The article used 2006 crime data from the Canadian Centre of Justice Statistics for the 100 largest communities in the nation. Regina's overall crime rate was 143.3% above the national rate. It led the nation in aggravated assaults, and was third in break and enters and robbery. The article states that Regina would be in the top 10% of all US cities for break and enters, and would be among the ten worst US metropolitan areas for robbery. A previous edition of Maclean's had singled out the North Central neighbourhood as Canada's worst neighbourhood. [cite news | last = Gatehouse | first = Jonathan | title = Canada's worst neighbourhood | publisher = Maclean's | date = 2007-01-15 | url = http://www.macleans.ca/article.jsp?content=20070115_139375_139375 | accessdate = 2008-06-14]

Economy

, "the world's largest grain-handling co-operative" has its headquarters in Regina [ [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1SEC888327 "Regina: Economy and Labour Force," "The Canadian Encyclopedia"] . Retrieved 17 July 2007] — but it is no longer the major driver; provincially it has slipped to eighth overall, well behind the natural resources sectors.

immediately adjacent to the University campus hosts several science and technology companies which conduct research activities in conjunction with University departments.

Culture

Regina has a rich cultural life in music, theatre and dance, amply supported by the substantial fine arts constituency at the University of Regina, which has faculties of music, theatre and plastic arts. At various times this has attracted notable artistic talent: the Regina Five were artists at Regina College (the University's predecessor) who gained national fame in the 1950s; Donald M. Kendrick, Bob Boyer and Joe Fafard, now with significant international reputations, have been other stars. The Regina Conservatory of Music operates in the former girls' residence wing of the Regina College building. Annual festivals in and near Regina through the year include the Cathedral Village Arts Festival; the Craven Country Jamboree [ [http://www.cravencountryjamboree.com/ Craven Country Jamboree website.] Retrieved 20 December 2007.] ; the Regina Folk Festival [ [http://www.reginafolkfestival.com/concertseries/ Regina Folk Festival website.] Retrieved 20 December 2007.] ; the Regina Dragon Boat Festival [ [http://www.dragonboat.regina.sk.ca/ Regina Dragon Boat Festival Homepage.] Retrieved 20 December 2007.] ; and Mosaic, mounted by the Regina Multicultural Council, [ [http://www.reginamulticulturalcouncil.ca/ Regina Multicultural Council homepage.] Retrieved 20 December 2007.] which earned Heritage Canada’s designation of 2004 "Cultural Capital of Canada" (in the over 125,000 population category). [ [http://www.reginamulticulturalcouncil.ca/mosaic.htm Regina Multicultural Council: Mosaic.] Retrieved 17 July 2007.] As in other cities and towns across Canada the annual Kiwanis Music Festival affords rising musical talents the opportunity to achieve nation-wide recognition.

(the present 1955 structure a Saskatchewan Golden Jubilee project [ [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/royal_saskatchewan_museum.html Iain Stewart, "Royal Saskatchewan Museum," "Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan".] Retrieved 17 December 2007.] ) dates from 1906. [Stewart.]

pipe organs, maintain substantial musical establishments and are frequently the venues for choral concerts and organ recitals.

The Regina Public Library is a city-wide library system with nine branches playing key roles in their respective neighbourhoods. Its facilities include the RPL Film theatre which plays less mainstream cinema, the Dunlop Art Gallery, special literacy services and a prairie history collection. [ [http://www.reginalibrary.ca Regina Public Library website] ] The Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery in Wascana Centre and the Dunlop Art Gallery have permanent collections and sponsor travelling exhibitions. [ [http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1SEC888330 J. William Brennan, "Regina," "The Canadian Encyclopedia".] Retrieved 19 November 2007.]

Parks and outdoor attractions

is in the central business district and numerous greenspaces throughout the residential subdivisions and newer subdivisions in the north and west of the city contain large ornamental ponds to add interest to parks such as Rochdale, Lakewood, Lakeridge, Spruce Meadows and Windsor Parks; older school playing fields throughout the city have also been converted into landscaped parks. [See city map at [http://maps.google.com.au/maps?client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&tab=wl Google Maps.] Retrieved 12 December 2007.]

The City operates five municipal golf courses, including two in King's Park northeast of the city. Kings Park Recreation facility is also home to ball diamonds, picnic grounds, and stock car racing. Within half an hour's drive are the summer cottage and camping country and winter ski resorts in the Qu'Appelle Valley with Last Mountain and Buffalo Pound Lakes and the four Fishing Lakes of Pasqua, Echo, Mission and Katepwa; slightly farther east are Round and Crooked Lakes, also in the Qu'Appelle Valley, and to the southeast the Kenosee Lake cottage country.Wascana Centre is a 9.3 square kilometre (2,300 acre) park built around Wascana Lake and designed in 1961 by Minoru Yamasaki — the Seattle-born architect best known as the designer of the original World Trade Center in New York — in tandem with his starkly modernist design for the new Regina Campus of the University of Saskatchewan. [ [http://www.nyc-architecture.com/GON/GON001G.htm Fletcher, Tom. "The Work of Minoru Yamasaki," "New York Architecture Images and Notes".] Retrieved 11 December 2007.] Wascana Lake was created as a "stock watering hole" — for the CPR's rolling stock, that is — in 1883 when a dam and bridge were constructed 1½ blocks to the west of the present Albert Street Bridge. A new dam and bridge were built in 1908, and Wascana Lake was used as a domestic water source, to cool the city’s power plant and, in due course, for the new provincial legislative building. [Riddell, W. A. "The Origin and Development of Wascana Centre". Regina, 1962.]

By the 1920s with the Boggy Creek source of domestic water Wascana Lake had ceased to have a utilitarian purpose and had become primarily a recreational facility, with bathing and boating its principal uses. It was drained in the 1930s as part of a government relief project; 2,100 men widened and dredged the lake bed and created two islands using only hand tools and horse-drawn wagons. [Riddell, W. A. "The Origin and Development of Wascana Centre". Regina, 1962.]

During the fall and winter of 2003–2004, Wascana Lake was again drained and dredged to deepen it while adding a new island, a promenade area beside Albert Street Bridge, water fountains, and a waterfall to help aerate the lake. [ [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/big_dig.html Dagmar Skamlová, "Big Dig," "Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan".] Retrieved 11 December 2007.] Downstream from Wascana Lake Wascana Creek continues to provide a lush parkland on its increasingly intensively developed perimeter; in the northwest quadrant of the city Wascana Creek has a second weir with a smaller reservoir in A.E. Wilson Park.

Bedroom communities

") is 45 km (28 miles) southwest of Regina and in the summer months "bustles with film crews." [ [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/rouleau.html "Rouleau," "The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan"] . Retrieved 11 July 2007.]

ports

.

The Saskatchewan Roughriders, formed in 1910 as the Regina Rugby Club and renamed the Regina Roughriders in 1924 and the Saskatchewan Roughriders in 1950 [ [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/saskatchewan_roughriders.html Daria Coneghan, "Saskatchewan Roughriders, "Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan".] Retrieved 17 December 2007.] are a community-owned professional sports team. The Riders have a strong and loyal fan support base. Out-of-town season ticket holders often travel 300 to 400 kilometres (200–250 mi) or more to attend home games [ [http://www.saskriders.com/modules.php?name=News&file=bleedinggreen&f_subcat=legacy_stories Riderville | The Official Site of the 2007 Grey Cup Champions ] ] .

Regina's curling teams have distinguished the city for many decades. Richardson Crescent commemorates the Richardson curling team of the 1950. In recent years Olympic Gold medal winner Sandra Schmirler and her rink occasioned vast civic pride; the Sandra Schmirler Leisure Centre in east Regina commemorates her.

North-east of the city lies Kings Park Speedway, a ⅓-mile paved oval used for stock car racing since the late 1960s. Regina hosted the Western Canada Summer Games in 1975 and again in 1987, as well as being the host city for the 2005 Canada Summer Games.

Visitor attractions

Regina is a travel destination for residents of southeastern Saskatchewan and the immediately adjacent regions of the neighbouring US States of North Dakota and Montana, and an intermediate stopping point for travellers on the Trans-Canada Highway. Attractions for visitors in Regina include:
* the Royal Saskatchewan Museum (a museum of natural history);
* the Saskatchewan Science Centre, housed in the 1914 Powerhouse on east Wascana Lake; [ [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/saskatchewan_science_centre.html Scott Langen, "Saskatchewan Science Centre," "Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan".] Retrieved 11 December 2007.]
* the Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery [ [http://scaa.usask.ca/gallery/art/galleries-mackenzie.html Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery website] Retrieved 26 December 2007.] and numerous smaller galleries and museums;
* the Roman Catholic cathedral on 13th Avenue in the West End, but also perhaps to a somewhat lesser extent the Anglican cathedral in downtown Regina and the Romanian Orthodox cathedral on Victoria Avenue in the East End;
* Knox-Metropolitan United Church on Victoria Park in downtown Regina: the surviving downtown congregation of the United Church (Metropolitan Methodist and the demolished Knox Presbyterian was its antecedent) with the largest pipe organ in Regina;
* the Mormon Temple, a Mormon conventicle with a beautiful building and lovely grounds;
* the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) national training centre and the museum;
* Government House;
* Casino Regina, in the old Union Station;
* the Globe Theatre in the Old Post Office building on the Scarth Street Mall;
* events held at Taylor Field sports stadium and the Saskatchewan Centre of the Arts;
* Ipsco Place (formerly Regina Exhibition Park), the venue for the annual Buffalo Days Exhibition summer agricultural fair every August; and
* the Canadian Western Agribition, [ [http://www.agribition.com/ Canadian Western Agribition website] Retrieved 26 December 2007.] a winter agricultural show and marketplace.

The former large-scale Children's Day Parade and Travellers' Day Parade during Fair Week. which were substantially supported by the Masons and Shriners, appear largely to have been abandoned as other summer civic events have been given a higher profile and its essential travelling midway has had to divide its time among other western Canadian and US cities.

Local news media

Education

University of Regina

concurrently established St Chad's College, an Anglican theological training facility, and the Qu'Appelle Diocesan School on the Anglican diocesan property immediately to the east of Regina College on College Avenue. All were ultimately tertiary institutions.

in 1974.

Campion College and Luther College now have federated college status in the University of Regina, as does the First Nations University of Canada; [* [http://www.firstnationsuniversity.ca First Nations University of Canada] . Retrieved 17 July 2007.] St Chad's ultimately consolidated with Emmanuel College on the then-Saskatoon campus of the University of Saskatchewan. The Regina Research Park is located immediately adjacent to the main campus and many of its initiatives in information technology, petroleum and environmental sciences are conducted in conjunction with university departments. A member in the research park is Canada's Petroleum Technology Research facility, a world leader in oil recovery and geological storage of CO2.

askatchewan Institute of Applied Science and Technology

The Wascana campus [Its Regina presence a merger of the former Wascana Institute of Applied Arts and Sciences and Regina Plains Community College: [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/saskatchewan_institute_of_applied_science_and_technology_siast.html Lorne Sparling, "Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Science and Technology (SIAST)," "Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan".] Retrieved 11 December 2007.] of this province-wide polytechnical institute is adjacent to the University of Regina. It occupies the former Plains Health Centre, previously a third hospital in Regina which in the course of rationalizing health services in Saskatchewan was in due course closed. It offers diplomas in some 175 trade and semi-professional fields ranging from accountancy and auto-mechanical technician through corrections worker, dental hygiene, driving instructor, nursing and school secretarial qualifications. [ [http://www.siast.sk.ca/ SIAST website] retrieved 19 October 2007.]

Royal Canadian Mounted Police Academy, Depot Division

opened in May 2007.

Public, separate and private schools

The Regina Public School Board operates 45 elementary schools and 9 high schools with approximately 21,000 students enrolled throughout the city. The publicly-funded Roman Catholic Separate School Board operates 25 elementary schools and 4 high schools, and has a current enrollment of approximately 10,000 students. Public and separate schools are amply equipped with state-of-the-art science labs, gymnasia and drama and arts facilities: already by the 1960s, Regina high schools had television studios, swimming pools, ice rinks and state-of-the-art drama facilities.

A small number of parents choose to opt out of the public and separate school systems for home-schooling under the guidance of the Regina Public School Board. Private schools in Regina include Luther College High School, operated by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada; the Regina Huda School for Islamic education; Harvest City Christian Academy (occupying the former Sister McGuigan High School site); the Western Christian College High School operated by the Churches of Christ, using premises vacated by the former Canadian Bible College; and the Regina Christian School, in the former Campion College premises.

Transportation

The city's public transit agency, Regina Transit, operates a fleet of 110 buses, on 16 routes, 7 days a week with access to the city centre from most areas of the city. A massive fire at the streetcar barns, on January 23, 1949, destroyed much of the rolling stock of streetcars and trolley buses [ [http://scaa.usask.ca/gallery/regina/north/fire_dept.html Regina: The Early Years 1880 -1950 ] ] and helped to propel Regina's diesel bus revolution in 1951. Because of the 1949 fire, original Regina streetcar rolling stock was rare, though through later years a few disused streetcars remained in evidence — a streetcar with takeaway food, for example, on the site of the Regina Theatre at 12th Avenue and Hamilton Street, until the Hudson's Bay Company acquired the site and built its 60s-through-90s department store there.

, a high speed connection between Regina's east and northwest that loops around the city's east side (the west side of the loop is formed by Lewvan Drive) with plans calling for another perimeter highway to encircle the city farther out. [cite web
title = Feature: East Regina TCH
publisher = Saskatchewan Highways
url = http://www.saskhighways.homestead.com/regina_TCH.html
accessdate = 2006-09-21
]

Regina International Airport [The adjective "international" is possibly mildly drolly in reference to the fact that Air Canada and the former Canadian Pacific Airlines have long since largely withdrawn significant services from Regina: Northwestern provides services to Minneapolis and this constitutes the "international" element.] is situated on the west side of the city and is the oldest established commercial airport in Canada. [Coneghan.] The current, continuingly expanded, 1960 terminal replaces the original 1940 Art Deco terminal; it has recently undergone further major upgrades and expansions to allow it to handle increases in traffic for the next several years.

Infrastructure

— and by private medical practitioners.

Sister cities

* Jinan, (Shandong, China) [ [http://www.regina.ca/content/welcome/jinan/index.shtml City of Regina - Information, Services, Attractions, Recreation ] ]
* Fujioka, (Gunma, Japan), [Saskatoon] )

See also

* Bethune weather radar
* List of cities in Canada
* HMCS "Regina" (FFH 334)
* HMCS "Regina" (K234)
* List of people from Regina, Saskatchewan
* List of mayors of Regina, Saskatchewan

Notes and references

Further reading

* "Germantown" 11th Avenue East. Regina’s Heritage Tours, City of Regina, 1994.
* Argan, William. "Cornerstones 2: An Artist’s History of the City of Regina". Regina: Centax Books, 2000.
* Argan, William. "Cornerstones: An Artist’s History of the City of Regina". Regina: Centax Books, 1995.
* Barnhart, Gordon. "Building for the Future: A Photo Journal of Saskatchewan's Legislative Building". Canadian Plains Research Center, 2002. ISBN 0-88977-145-6
* Brennan, J. William. "Regina, an illustrated history". Toronto: James Lorimer & Co., 1989.
* Brennan, William J., ed. "Regina Before Yesterday: A Visual History 1882 to 1945". City of Regina, 1978.
* "Castles of the North: Canada’s Grand Hotels". Toronto: Lynx Images Inc., 2001.
* Chapel Royal Canadian Mounted Police "Training Academy", Regina, Saskatchewan (brochure), 1990.
* Drake, Earl G. "Regina, the Queen City". Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1955.
* Hughes, Bob "The Big Dig: the Miracle of Wascana Centre". Regina: Centax Books, 2004.
* Neal, May. "Regina, Queen City of the Plains: 50 Years of Progress". Regina: Western * Printers. 1953.
* "Regina Court House Official Opening" (brochure), 1961.
* "Regina Leader-Post"
* Riddell, W. A. "The Origin and Development of Wascana Centre". Regina, 1962.
* "The Morning Leader"

External links

* [http://weatheroffice.ec.gc.ca/radar/index_e.html?id=XBE Bethune weather RADAR station]
* [http://www.siamandas.com/regina_site A gallery of professional quality images of Regina and area from photographer Siamandas]
* [http://www.inregina.com In Regina website] Website devoted to all things in and around Regina
* [http://www.legrehab.gov.sk.ca/panoramic/gallery3.html Legislature Dome Panorama] Interactive 360 degree view of Regina from the top of the Legislature Building's Dome
* [http://www2.regina.ca/search/ City of Regina Property Tax Search]
* [http://www.reginatransit.com City of Regina Transit]
* [http://www.southsaskmonarchist.ca/southsask.htm Royal South Saskatchewan]
* [http://sask.topcities.com/mikebadhampark/index.html Mike Badham Park]
* [http://reginalibrary.ca/buildings.html#chall Regina Public Library site on historic Regina buildings]
* [http://www.innovationplace.com/ReginaResearchPark/HTML/about.htm Regina Research Park]
* [http://www.tourismregina.com Tourism Regina]
* [http://wikitravel.org/en/Regina Regina] on [http://wikitravel.org/ WikiTravel]

Canadian City Geographic Location
North=Lumsden
West=Moose Jaw
Center=Regina
East=Pilot Butte, White City, Balgonie
South=Weyburn


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